Assessing Exposure to Violence Using Multiple Informants: Application of Hierarchical Linear Model / Meichun KUO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41-8 (November 2000)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-8 (November 2000) . - 1049-1056 Titre : Assessing Exposure to Violence Using Multiple Informants: Application of Hierarchical Linear Model Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meichun KUO, Auteur ; Beat MOHLER, Auteur ; Stephen L. RAUDENBUSH, Auteur ; Felton EARLS, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : 1049-1056 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Assessment  multivariate analysis  exposure to violence  multiple informant Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study assesses the effects of demographic risk factors on children's exposure to violence (ETV) and how these effects vary by informants. Data on exposure to violence of 9-, 12-, and 15-year-olds were collected from both child participants (NO= 1880) and parents (NO= 1776), as part of the assessment of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). A two-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) with multivariate outcomes was employed to analyze information obtained from these two different groups of informants. The findings indicate that parents generally report less ETV than do their children and that associations of age, gender, and parent education with ETV are stronger in the self-reports than in the parent reports. The findings support a multivariate approach when information obtained from different sources is being integrated. The application of HLM allows an assessment of interactions between risk factors and informants and uses all available data, including data from one informant when data from the other informant is missing. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125 [article] Assessing Exposure to Violence Using Multiple Informants: Application of Hierarchical Linear Model [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meichun KUO, Auteur ; Beat MOHLER, Auteur ; Stephen L. RAUDENBUSH, Auteur ; Felton EARLS, Auteur . - 2000 . - 1049-1056. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-8 (November 2000) . - 1049-1056 Mots-clés : Assessment  multivariate analysis  exposure to violence  multiple informant Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study assesses the effects of demographic risk factors on children's exposure to violence (ETV) and how these effects vary by informants. Data on exposure to violence of 9-, 12-, and 15-year-olds were collected from both child participants (NO= 1880) and parents (NO= 1776), as part of the assessment of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). A two-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) with multivariate outcomes was employed to analyze information obtained from these two different groups of informants. The findings indicate that parents generally report less ETV than do their children and that associations of age, gender, and parent education with ETV are stronger in the self-reports than in the parent reports. The findings support a multivariate approach when information obtained from different sources is being integrated. The application of HLM allows an assessment of interactions between risk factors and informants and uses all available data, including data from one informant when data from the other informant is missing. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125

Executive and Motivational Control of Performance Task Behavior, and Autonomic Heart-rate Regulation in Children: Physiologic Validation of Two-factor Solution Inhibitory Control / Enrico MEZZACAPPA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39-4 (May 1998)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 39-4 (May 1998) . - p.525-531 Titre : Executive and Motivational Control of Performance Task Behavior, and Autonomic Heart-rate Regulation in Children: Physiologic Validation of Two-factor Solution Inhibitory Control Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Enrico MEZZACAPPA, Auteur ; Daniel KINDLON, Auteur ; Philip SAUL, Auteur ; Felton EARLS, Auteur Année de publication : 1998 Article en page(s) : p.525-531 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychophysiology  impulsivity  motivation  heart-rate variability  executive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Forty-two (42) children (mean age 10.6 years) from mainstream public (N= 22) and therapeutic schools (N= 20) completed performance tasks assessing executive and motivational influences on motor responses. In a separate protocol, children underwent physiologic challenges of paced breathing and supine to standing postural change, while heart rate was continuously monitored. Executive control was associated with vagal modulation of respiratory driven, high-frequency heart-rate variability (t= 2.20, p < .03), whereas motivational control was associated with sympathetic modulation of posturally driven, low-frequency heart-rate variability (t= -2.22, p < .03). These findings supported a two-factor solution of inhibitory control derived in a previous study. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=123 [article] Executive and Motivational Control of Performance Task Behavior, and Autonomic Heart-rate Regulation in Children: Physiologic Validation of Two-factor Solution Inhibitory Control [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Enrico MEZZACAPPA, Auteur ; Daniel KINDLON, Auteur ; Philip SAUL, Auteur ; Felton EARLS, Auteur . - 1998 . - p.525-531. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 39-4 (May 1998) . - p.525-531 Mots-clés : Psychophysiology  impulsivity  motivation  heart-rate variability  executive control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Forty-two (42) children (mean age 10.6 years) from mainstream public (N= 22) and therapeutic schools (N= 20) completed performance tasks assessing executive and motivational influences on motor responses. In a separate protocol, children underwent physiologic challenges of paced breathing and supine to standing postural change, while heart rate was continuously monitored. Executive control was associated with vagal modulation of respiratory driven, high-frequency heart-rate variability (t= 2.20, p < .03), whereas motivational control was associated with sympathetic modulation of posturally driven, low-frequency heart-rate variability (t= -2.22, p < .03). These findings supported a two-factor solution of inhibitory control derived in a previous study. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=123

Promoting child and adolescent mental health in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic with a focus on sub-Saharan Africa / Felton EARLS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-3 (March 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-3 (March 2008) . - p.295–312 Titre : Promoting child and adolescent mental health in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic with a focus on sub-Saharan Africa Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Felton EARLS, Auteur ; Giuseppe J. RAVIOLA, Auteur ; Mary CARLSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.295–312 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : AIDS mental-health prevention protective-factors public-health Third-World-children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The pandemic of HIV/AIDS is actually a composite of many regional and national-level epidemics. The progress made in many parts of the developed and developing world is tempered by the continued devastating consequences of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This review focuses on the ways in which children and adolescents are impacted by the epidemic, giving particular attention to their mental health. Methods: A health promotion framework is adopted to guide analysis. Three issues are covered: prevention of HIV infection, care and treatment of children infected with HIV, and care of children whose caregivers are ill or have died of AIDS. Existing reviews and literature search engines were used to review the scientific literature, focusing on the past five years. Results: Preventive interventions continue to manifest limited benefits in behavioral changes. More complex causal models and improved behavioral measures are needed. In the African context, the time has come to view pediatric AIDS as a chronic disease in which the mental health of caregivers and children influences important aspects of disease prevention and management. Increasingly sophisticated studies support earlier findings that social and psychological functioning, educational achievement and economic well-being of children who lose parents to AIDS are worse than that of other children. Conclusions: Important changes are taking place in SSA in increased access to HIV testing and antiretroviral therapies. To be effective in promoting mental health of children and adolescents, interventions require a more fundamental understanding of how to build HIV competence at personal and community levels. A key recommendation calls for the design and execution of population-based studies that include both multilevel and longitudinal features. Such rigorous conceptual and empirical investigations that assess the capacities of children are required to mobilize children, families and communities in comprehensive actions plans for prevention, treatment and care in response to the enduring HIV/AIDS pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01864.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 [article] Promoting child and adolescent mental health in the context of the HIV/AIDS pandemic with a focus on sub-Saharan Africa [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Felton EARLS, Auteur ; Giuseppe J. RAVIOLA, Auteur ; Mary CARLSON, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.295–312. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-3 (March 2008) . - p.295–312 Mots-clés : AIDS mental-health prevention protective-factors public-health Third-World-children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The pandemic of HIV/AIDS is actually a composite of many regional and national-level epidemics. The progress made in many parts of the developed and developing world is tempered by the continued devastating consequences of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This review focuses on the ways in which children and adolescents are impacted by the epidemic, giving particular attention to their mental health. Methods: A health promotion framework is adopted to guide analysis. Three issues are covered: prevention of HIV infection, care and treatment of children infected with HIV, and care of children whose caregivers are ill or have died of AIDS. Existing reviews and literature search engines were used to review the scientific literature, focusing on the past five years. Results: Preventive interventions continue to manifest limited benefits in behavioral changes. More complex causal models and improved behavioral measures are needed. In the African context, the time has come to view pediatric AIDS as a chronic disease in which the mental health of caregivers and children influences important aspects of disease prevention and management. Increasingly sophisticated studies support earlier findings that social and psychological functioning, educational achievement and economic well-being of children who lose parents to AIDS are worse than that of other children. Conclusions: Important changes are taking place in SSA in increased access to HIV testing and antiretroviral therapies. To be effective in promoting mental health of children and adolescents, interventions require a more fundamental understanding of how to build HIV competence at personal and community levels. A key recommendation calls for the design and execution of population-based studies that include both multilevel and longitudinal features. Such rigorous conceptual and empirical investigations that assess the capacities of children are required to mobilize children, families and communities in comprehensive actions plans for prevention, treatment and care in response to the enduring HIV/AIDS pandemic. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01864.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336

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