Investigating plasma amino acids for differentiating individuals with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing peers / Troy VARGASON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 50 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 50 (June 2018) . - p.60-72 Titre : Investigating plasma amino acids for differentiating individuals with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing peers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Troy VARGASON, Auteur ; Uwe KRUGER, Auteur ; Deborah L. MCGUINNESS, Auteur ; James B. ADAMS, Auteur ; Elizabeth GEIS, Auteur ; Eva GEHN, Auteur ; Devon COLEMAN, Auteur ; Juergen HAHN, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : p.60-72 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Plasma amino acids  Fisher discriminant analysis  Classification  Multivariate statistics  Cross-validation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Plasma amino acid measurements have been extensively investigated in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results thus far have been inconclusive as studies generally disagree on which amino acids are different in individuals with ASD versus their typically developing (TD) peers, due in part to methodological limitations of several studies. Method This paper investigates plasma amino acids in children and adults with ASD using data from Arizona State University’s Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention Study. Measurements from 64 individuals with ASD and 49 TD controls were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Results Univariate analysis indicated increased median levels of glutamate (+21%, p?=?0.014) and serine (+8%, p?=?0.043), and increased mean levels of hydroxyproline (+17%, p?=?0.018) for the ASD cohort, although these differences were insignificant after correcting for multiple comparisons. A multivariate approach was used to classify study participants into ASD/TD cohorts using Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA) and its nonlinear extension, kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA). Model fitting with FDA using all available measurements produced Type I and Type II errors of 27.0% and 27.8%, respectively. KFDA was most effective when using hydroxyproline, leucine, and threonine as inputs; however, leave-one-out cross-validation with this nonlinear model only resulted in 70.3% sensitivity and 77.6% specificity. Conclusions The finding of elevated glutamate in ASD is in agreement with several other studies. Overall, however, these results suggest that plasma amino acid measurements are of limited use for purposes of ASD classification, which may explain some of the inconsistencies in results presented in the literature. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.03.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=356 [article] Investigating plasma amino acids for differentiating individuals with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing peers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Troy VARGASON, Auteur ; Uwe KRUGER, Auteur ; Deborah L. MCGUINNESS, Auteur ; James B. ADAMS, Auteur ; Elizabeth GEIS, Auteur ; Eva GEHN, Auteur ; Devon COLEMAN, Auteur ; Juergen HAHN, Auteur . - 2018 . - p.60-72. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 50 (June 2018) . - p.60-72 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Plasma amino acids  Fisher discriminant analysis  Classification  Multivariate statistics  Cross-validation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Plasma amino acid measurements have been extensively investigated in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results thus far have been inconclusive as studies generally disagree on which amino acids are different in individuals with ASD versus their typically developing (TD) peers, due in part to methodological limitations of several studies. Method This paper investigates plasma amino acids in children and adults with ASD using data from Arizona State University’s Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention Study. Measurements from 64 individuals with ASD and 49 TD controls were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Results Univariate analysis indicated increased median levels of glutamate (+21%, p?=?0.014) and serine (+8%, p?=?0.043), and increased mean levels of hydroxyproline (+17%, p?=?0.018) for the ASD cohort, although these differences were insignificant after correcting for multiple comparisons. A multivariate approach was used to classify study participants into ASD/TD cohorts using Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA) and its nonlinear extension, kernel Fisher discriminant analysis (KFDA). Model fitting with FDA using all available measurements produced Type I and Type II errors of 27.0% and 27.8%, respectively. KFDA was most effective when using hydroxyproline, leucine, and threonine as inputs; however, leave-one-out cross-validation with this nonlinear model only resulted in 70.3% sensitivity and 77.6% specificity. Conclusions The finding of elevated glutamate in ASD is in agreement with several other studies. Overall, however, these results suggest that plasma amino acid measurements are of limited use for purposes of ASD classification, which may explain some of the inconsistencies in results presented in the literature. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.03.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=356

Urinary essential elements of young children with autism spectrum disorder and their mothers / Fatir QURESHI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 72 (April 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 72 (April 2020) . - p.101518 Titre : Urinary essential elements of young children with autism spectrum disorder and their mothers Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Fatir QURESHI, Auteur ; James B. ADAMS, Auteur ; Devon COLEMAN, Auteur ; David QUIG, Auteur ; Juergen HAHN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101518 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Metabolism  Essential elements  Urine analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Even though the cause of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) remains unknown, the current understanding points towards complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors. One important environmental factor to consider is intake of toxic and essential elements, and their role in metabolism. Essential elements have received considerably less attention in the literature than the presence of toxins in urine. Method The purpose of this investigation is to comprehensively assess the association between urinary element compositions of 28 mothers who had young children with ASD and 29 mothers who had young typically developing (TD) children, and in a subset of their children (21 with ASD and 26 TD). Results The results show that there are significant differences between the ASD and TD children cohorts’ concentrations for four specific elements (sulfur, phosphorous, molybdenum, and tin). Utilizing multivariate statistical techniques (Fisher’s discriminant analysis and support vector machines), it was possible to distinguish the ASD from the TD children groups with an 81 % accuracy after cross-validation utilizing the four significantly different elements. However, among the mother cohorts assessed, there were no significant differences between those that had children with ASD and those with TD children. There was a significant correlation of levels of phosphorus and sulfur in the children with ASD (r?=?0.63, p?=?3.0E-3) and in the TD children (r?=?0.47, p?=?0.02). Conclusions Notable differences were observed between the elemental concentration in urine of children with ASD and their TD peers. Analyzing cellular pathways related to these elements are promising areas of future research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101518 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=420 [article] Urinary essential elements of young children with autism spectrum disorder and their mothers [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Fatir QURESHI, Auteur ; James B. ADAMS, Auteur ; Devon COLEMAN, Auteur ; David QUIG, Auteur ; Juergen HAHN, Auteur . - p.101518. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 72 (April 2020) . - p.101518 Mots-clés : ASD  Metabolism  Essential elements  Urine analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Even though the cause of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) remains unknown, the current understanding points towards complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors. One important environmental factor to consider is intake of toxic and essential elements, and their role in metabolism. Essential elements have received considerably less attention in the literature than the presence of toxins in urine. Method The purpose of this investigation is to comprehensively assess the association between urinary element compositions of 28 mothers who had young children with ASD and 29 mothers who had young typically developing (TD) children, and in a subset of their children (21 with ASD and 26 TD). Results The results show that there are significant differences between the ASD and TD children cohorts’ concentrations for four specific elements (sulfur, phosphorous, molybdenum, and tin). Utilizing multivariate statistical techniques (Fisher’s discriminant analysis and support vector machines), it was possible to distinguish the ASD from the TD children groups with an 81 % accuracy after cross-validation utilizing the four significantly different elements. However, among the mother cohorts assessed, there were no significant differences between those that had children with ASD and those with TD children. There was a significant correlation of levels of phosphorus and sulfur in the children with ASD (r?=?0.63, p?=?3.0E-3) and in the TD children (r?=?0.47, p?=?0.02). Conclusions Notable differences were observed between the elemental concentration in urine of children with ASD and their TD peers. Analyzing cellular pathways related to these elements are promising areas of future research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101518 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=420

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