Abnormal Transient Pupillary Light Reflex in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Xiaofei FAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-11 (November 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-11 (November 2009) . - p.1499-1508 Titre : Abnormal Transient Pupillary Light Reflex in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Xiaofei FAN, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur ; Gang YAO, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1499-1508 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Pupillary-light-reflex Biomarker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Computerized binocular infrared pupillography was used to measure the transient pupillary light reflex (PLR) in both children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and children with typical development. We found that participants with ASDs showed significantly longer PLR latency, smaller constriction amplitude and lower constriction velocity than children with typical development. The PLR latency alone can be used to discriminate the ASD group from the control group with a cross-validated success rate of 89.6%. By adding the constriction amplitude, the percentage of correct classification can be further improved to 92.5%. In addition, the right-lateralization of contraction anisocoria that was observed in participants with typical development was not observed in those with ASDs. Further studies are necessary to understand the origin and implications of these observations. It is anticipated that as potential biomarkers, these pupillary light reflex measurements will advance our understanding of neurodevelopmental differences in the autism brain. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0767-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=849 [article] Abnormal Transient Pupillary Light Reflex in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Xiaofei FAN, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur ; Gang YAO, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1499-1508. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-11 (November 2009) . - p.1499-1508 Mots-clés : Autism Pupillary-light-reflex Biomarker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Computerized binocular infrared pupillography was used to measure the transient pupillary light reflex (PLR) in both children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and children with typical development. We found that participants with ASDs showed significantly longer PLR latency, smaller constriction amplitude and lower constriction velocity than children with typical development. The PLR latency alone can be used to discriminate the ASD group from the control group with a cross-validated success rate of 89.6%. By adding the constriction amplitude, the percentage of correct classification can be further improved to 92.5%. In addition, the right-lateralization of contraction anisocoria that was observed in participants with typical development was not observed in those with ASDs. Further studies are necessary to understand the origin and implications of these observations. It is anticipated that as potential biomarkers, these pupillary light reflex measurements will advance our understanding of neurodevelopmental differences in the autism brain. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0767-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=849

Atypical Pupillary Light Reflex and Heart Rate Variability in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Chathuri DALUWATTE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-8 (August 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1910-1925 Titre : Atypical Pupillary Light Reflex and Heart Rate Variability in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Chathuri DALUWATTE, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur ; Shawn E. CHRIST, Auteur ; David Q. BEVERSDORF, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Gang YAO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1910-1925 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pupillary light reflex  Heart rate variability  Autism  Autonomic nervous system Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated pupillary light reflex (PLR) in 152 children with ASD, 116 typically developing (TD) children, and 36 children with non-ASD neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured simultaneously to study potential impairments in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) associated with ASD. The results showed that the ASD group had significantly longer PLR latency, reduced relative constriction amplitude, and shorter constriction/redilation time than those of the TD group. Similar atypical PLR parameters were observed in the NDD group. A significant age effect on PLR latency was observed in children younger than 9 years in the TD group, but not in the ASD and NDD groups. Atypical HRV parameters were observed in the ASD and NDD groups. A significant negative correlation existed between the PLR constriction amplitude and average heart rate in children with an ASD, but not in children with typical development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1741-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205 [article] Atypical Pupillary Light Reflex and Heart Rate Variability in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Chathuri DALUWATTE, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur ; Shawn E. CHRIST, Auteur ; David Q. BEVERSDORF, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Gang YAO, Auteur . - p.1910-1925. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 43-8 (August 2013) . - p.1910-1925 Mots-clés : Pupillary light reflex  Heart rate variability  Autism  Autonomic nervous system Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We investigated pupillary light reflex (PLR) in 152 children with ASD, 116 typically developing (TD) children, and 36 children with non-ASD neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured simultaneously to study potential impairments in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) associated with ASD. The results showed that the ASD group had significantly longer PLR latency, reduced relative constriction amplitude, and shorter constriction/redilation time than those of the TD group. Similar atypical PLR parameters were observed in the NDD group. A significant age effect on PLR latency was observed in children younger than 9 years in the TD group, but not in the ASD and NDD groups. Atypical HRV parameters were observed in the ASD and NDD groups. A significant negative correlation existed between the PLR constriction amplitude and average heart rate in children with an ASD, but not in children with typical development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1741-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=205

Defining Autism Subgroups: A Taxometric Solution / David G. INGRAM in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-5 (May 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.950-960 Titre : Defining Autism Subgroups: A Taxometric Solution Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David G. INGRAM, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.950-960 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism subgroups - Taxometrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of the present study was to determine which behavioral and physical phenotypes would be most likely to divide the ASD population into discrete subgroups. The taxometric methods of Maximum Covariance (MAXCOV) and Minus Mean Below A Cut (MAMBAC) were employed to test for categorical versus continuous variation of each phenotype across the ASD population. Data was retrieved from the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange and the University of Missouri Autism Database. The results of our analyses support subgrouping subjects based on variation in social interaction/communication, intelligence, and essential/complex phenotype; in contrast, subjects varied continuously in insistence on sameness, repetitive sensory motor actions, language acquisition, and, tentatively, adaptive functioning. Stratifying ASD samples based on taxometric results should increase power in gene-finding studies and aid in treatment efficacy research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0469-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=417 [article] Defining Autism Subgroups: A Taxometric Solution [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David G. INGRAM, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.950-960. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.950-960 Mots-clés : Autism subgroups - Taxometrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of the present study was to determine which behavioral and physical phenotypes would be most likely to divide the ASD population into discrete subgroups. The taxometric methods of Maximum Covariance (MAXCOV) and Minus Mean Below A Cut (MAMBAC) were employed to test for categorical versus continuous variation of each phenotype across the ASD population. Data was retrieved from the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange and the University of Missouri Autism Database. The results of our analyses support subgrouping subjects based on variation in social interaction/communication, intelligence, and essential/complex phenotype; in contrast, subjects varied continuously in insistence on sameness, repetitive sensory motor actions, language acquisition, and, tentatively, adaptive functioning. Stratifying ASD samples based on taxometric results should increase power in gene-finding studies and aid in treatment efficacy research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0469-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=417

Facial phenotypes in subgroups of prepubertal boys with autism spectrum disorders are correlated with clinical phenotypes / Kristina ALDRIDGE in Molecular Autism, (October 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > (October 2011) . - 12 p. Titre : Facial phenotypes in subgroups of prepubertal boys with autism spectrum disorders are correlated with clinical phenotypes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristina ALDRIDGE, Auteur ; Ian GEORGE, Auteur ; Kimberly COLE, Auteur ; Jordan AUSTIN, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Ye DUAN, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND:The brain develops in concert and in coordination with the developing facial tissues, with each influencing the development of the other and sharing genetic signaling pathways. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) result from alterations in the embryological brain, suggesting that the development of the faces of children with ASD may result in subtle facial differences compared to typically developing children. In this study, we tested two hypotheses. First, we asked whether children with ASD display a subtle but distinct facial phenotype compared to typically developing children. Second, we sought to determine whether there are subgroups of facial phenotypes within the population of children with ASD that denote biologically discrete subgroups.METHODS:The 3dMD cranial System was used to acquire three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric images for our study sample of 8- to 12-year-old boys diagnosed with essential ASD (n = 65) and typically developing boys (n = 41) following approved Institutional Review Board protocols. Three-dimensional coordinates were recorded for 17 facial anthropometric landmarks using the 3dMD Patient software. Statistical comparisons of facial phenotypes were completed using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis and Principal Coordinates Analysis. Data representing clinical and behavioral traits were statistically compared among groups by using chi2 tests, Fisher's exact tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and Student's t-tests where appropriate.RESULTS:First, we found that there are significant differences in facial morphology in boys with ASD compared to typically developing boys. Second, we also found two subgroups of boys with ASD with facial morphology that differed from the majority of the boys with ASD and the typically developing boys. Furthermore, membership in each of these distinct subgroups was correlated with particular clinical and behavioral traits.CONCLUSIONS:Boys with ASD display a facial phenotype distinct from that of typically developing boys, which may reflect alterations in the prenatal development of the brain. Subgroups of boys with ASD defined by distinct facial morphologies correlated with clinical and behavioral traits, suggesting potentially different etiologies and genetic differences compared to the larger group of boys with ASD. Further investigations into genes involved in neurodevelopment and craniofacial development of these subgroups will help to elucidate the causes and significance of these subtle facial differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-2-15 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=149 [article] Facial phenotypes in subgroups of prepubertal boys with autism spectrum disorders are correlated with clinical phenotypes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristina ALDRIDGE, Auteur ; Ian GEORGE, Auteur ; Kimberly COLE, Auteur ; Jordan AUSTIN, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Ye DUAN, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur . - 2011 . - 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > (October 2011) . - 12 p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND:The brain develops in concert and in coordination with the developing facial tissues, with each influencing the development of the other and sharing genetic signaling pathways. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) result from alterations in the embryological brain, suggesting that the development of the faces of children with ASD may result in subtle facial differences compared to typically developing children. In this study, we tested two hypotheses. First, we asked whether children with ASD display a subtle but distinct facial phenotype compared to typically developing children. Second, we sought to determine whether there are subgroups of facial phenotypes within the population of children with ASD that denote biologically discrete subgroups.METHODS:The 3dMD cranial System was used to acquire three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric images for our study sample of 8- to 12-year-old boys diagnosed with essential ASD (n = 65) and typically developing boys (n = 41) following approved Institutional Review Board protocols. Three-dimensional coordinates were recorded for 17 facial anthropometric landmarks using the 3dMD Patient software. Statistical comparisons of facial phenotypes were completed using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis and Principal Coordinates Analysis. Data representing clinical and behavioral traits were statistically compared among groups by using chi2 tests, Fisher's exact tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and Student's t-tests where appropriate.RESULTS:First, we found that there are significant differences in facial morphology in boys with ASD compared to typically developing boys. Second, we also found two subgroups of boys with ASD with facial morphology that differed from the majority of the boys with ASD and the typically developing boys. Furthermore, membership in each of these distinct subgroups was correlated with particular clinical and behavioral traits.CONCLUSIONS:Boys with ASD display a facial phenotype distinct from that of typically developing boys, which may reflect alterations in the prenatal development of the brain. Subgroups of boys with ASD defined by distinct facial morphologies correlated with clinical and behavioral traits, suggesting potentially different etiologies and genetic differences compared to the larger group of boys with ASD. Further investigations into genes involved in neurodevelopment and craniofacial development of these subgroups will help to elucidate the causes and significance of these subtle facial differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-2-15 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=149

Facial Structure Analysis Separates Autism Spectrum Disorders into Meaningful Clinical Subgroups / Tayo OBAFEMI-AJAYI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-5 (May 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-5 (May 2015) . - p.1302-1317 Titre : Facial Structure Analysis Separates Autism Spectrum Disorders into Meaningful Clinical Subgroups Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Tayo OBAFEMI-AJAYI, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Wenchuan QI, Auteur ; Kristina ALDRIDGE, Auteur ; Minqi ZHANG, Auteur ; Shi-Qing XIN, Auteur ; Ying HE, Auteur ; Ye DUAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1302-1317 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Cluster analysis  Language regression  Facial phenotype  Biomarker  Outcome indicators Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Varied cluster analysis were applied to facial surface measurements from 62 prepubertal boys with essential autism to determine whether facial morphology constitutes viable biomarker for delineation of discrete Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) subgroups. Earlier study indicated utility of facial morphology for autism subgrouping (Aldridge et al. in Mol Autism 2(1):15, 2011). Geodesic distances between standardized facial landmarks were measured from three-dimensional stereo-photogrammetric images. Subjects were evaluated for autism-related symptoms, neurologic, cognitive, familial, and phenotypic variants. The most compact cluster is clinically characterized by severe ASD, significant cognitive impairment and language regression. This verifies utility of facially-based ASD subtypes and validates Aldridge et al.’s severe ASD subgroup, notwithstanding different techniques. It suggests that language regression may define a unique ASD subgroup with potential etiologic differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2290-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259 [article] Facial Structure Analysis Separates Autism Spectrum Disorders into Meaningful Clinical Subgroups [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Tayo OBAFEMI-AJAYI, Auteur ; Judith H. MILES, Auteur ; T. Nicole TAKAHASHI, Auteur ; Wenchuan QI, Auteur ; Kristina ALDRIDGE, Auteur ; Minqi ZHANG, Auteur ; Shi-Qing XIN, Auteur ; Ying HE, Auteur ; Ye DUAN, Auteur . - p.1302-1317. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-5 (May 2015) . - p.1302-1317 Mots-clés : Autism  Cluster analysis  Language regression  Facial phenotype  Biomarker  Outcome indicators Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Varied cluster analysis were applied to facial surface measurements from 62 prepubertal boys with essential autism to determine whether facial morphology constitutes viable biomarker for delineation of discrete Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) subgroups. Earlier study indicated utility of facial morphology for autism subgrouping (Aldridge et al. in Mol Autism 2(1):15, 2011). Geodesic distances between standardized facial landmarks were measured from three-dimensional stereo-photogrammetric images. Subjects were evaluated for autism-related symptoms, neurologic, cognitive, familial, and phenotypic variants. The most compact cluster is clinically characterized by severe ASD, significant cognitive impairment and language regression. This verifies utility of facially-based ASD subtypes and validates Aldridge et al.’s severe ASD subgroup, notwithstanding different techniques. It suggests that language regression may define a unique ASD subgroup with potential etiologic differences. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2290-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259

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