ADHD and delay aversion: the influence of non-temporal stimulation on choice for delayed rewards / Inge ANTROP in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-11 (November 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1152–1158 Titre : ADHD and delay aversion: the influence of non-temporal stimulation on choice for delayed rewards Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Inge ANTROP, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Dieter BAEYENS, Auteur ; Pieter STOCK, Auteur ; Sylvie VERTE, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.1152–1158 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Delay-aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Delay aversion, the motivation to escape or avoid delay, results in preference for small immediate over large delayed rewards. Delay aversion has been proposed as one distinctive psychological process that may underlie the behavioural symptoms and cognitive deficits of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, the delay aversion hypothesis predicts that ADHD children's preference for immediate small over large delayed rewards will be reduced when stimulation, which makes time appear to pass more quickly, is added to the delay interval. The current paper tests these predictions. Methods: A group of children with a diagnosis of ADHD (with or without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)), a group with a diagnosis of high-functioning autism (HFA), and a normal control group were compared on an experimental paradigm giving repeated choices between small immediate and large delayed rewards (Maudsley Index of Delay Aversion–MIDA) under two conditions (stimulation and no stimulation). Results: As predicted, ADHD children displayed a stronger preference than the HFA and control children for the small immediate rewards under the no-stimulation condition. The ADHD children preferences were normalised under the stimulation condition with no differences between the groups. This pattern of results was the same whether the ADHD children had comorbid ODD or not. Discussion: The findings from the MIDA are consistent with the delay aversion hypothesis of ADHD in showing that preference for small immediate rewards over large delayed rewards is a specific feature of ADHD and that this preference can be reduced by the addition of stimulation. Further research is required to better understand the emotional and motivational mechanisms underpinning delay aversion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01619.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=805 [article] ADHD and delay aversion: the influence of non-temporal stimulation on choice for delayed rewards [texte imprimé] / Inge ANTROP, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Dieter BAEYENS, Auteur ; Pieter STOCK, Auteur ; Sylvie VERTE, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.1152–1158. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-11 (November 2006) . - p.1152–1158 Mots-clés : Delay-aversion Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Delay aversion, the motivation to escape or avoid delay, results in preference for small immediate over large delayed rewards. Delay aversion has been proposed as one distinctive psychological process that may underlie the behavioural symptoms and cognitive deficits of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, the delay aversion hypothesis predicts that ADHD children's preference for immediate small over large delayed rewards will be reduced when stimulation, which makes time appear to pass more quickly, is added to the delay interval. The current paper tests these predictions. Methods: A group of children with a diagnosis of ADHD (with or without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)), a group with a diagnosis of high-functioning autism (HFA), and a normal control group were compared on an experimental paradigm giving repeated choices between small immediate and large delayed rewards (Maudsley Index of Delay Aversion–MIDA) under two conditions (stimulation and no stimulation). Results: As predicted, ADHD children displayed a stronger preference than the HFA and control children for the small immediate rewards under the no-stimulation condition. The ADHD children preferences were normalised under the stimulation condition with no differences between the groups. This pattern of results was the same whether the ADHD children had comorbid ODD or not. Discussion: The findings from the MIDA are consistent with the delay aversion hypothesis of ADHD in showing that preference for small immediate rewards over large delayed rewards is a specific feature of ADHD and that this preference can be reduced by the addition of stimulation. Further research is required to better understand the emotional and motivational mechanisms underpinning delay aversion. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01619.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=805

Adults with Autism Prefer Person-First Language in Dutch: A Cross-Country Study / Annabel D. NIJHOF ; Jan R. WIERSEMA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-6 (June 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-6 (June 2025) . - p.2027-2033 Titre : Adults with Autism Prefer Person-First Language in Dutch: A Cross-Country Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Annabel D. NIJHOF, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2027-2033 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The correct language to refer to someone with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder has received a lot of attention in recent years. Studies in English-speaking countries found a main identity-first language (IFL) preference (e.g. autistic person) opposed to a person-first language preference (PFL) (e.g. person with autism) among adults with autism. However, a recent study conducted in a Dutch-speaking country (the Netherlands) reported a PFL preference (Buijsman et al., 2023). The goal of the current study was to gain insights into language preferences in two Dutch-speaking countries and, in contrast to previous studies, give participants the option to indicate not having a specific language preference. In the current study, we asked 414 Dutch-speaking adults with autism, living either in Belgium or the Netherlands, to fill in an online questionnaire about their language preference. We found that over half of the participants had a PFL preference (54%), followed by having no preference (27%). Only 14% of them had an IFL preference, and 5% proposed another term. Having more years of education was identified as a predictor for having an IFL preference when compared to a PFL preference, while being older predicted having no preference compared to a PFL preference. The majority of Dutch-speaking adults with autism showed a PFL preference, which is in contrast to findings from English-speaking countries, but in accord with a recent study conducted in the Netherlands (Buijsman et al., 2023). Implications of this finding for language use are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06192-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=556 [article] Adults with Autism Prefer Person-First Language in Dutch: A Cross-Country Study [texte imprimé] / Annabel D. NIJHOF, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur . - p.2027-2033. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-6 (June 2025) . - p.2027-2033 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The correct language to refer to someone with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder has received a lot of attention in recent years. Studies in English-speaking countries found a main identity-first language (IFL) preference (e.g. autistic person) opposed to a person-first language preference (PFL) (e.g. person with autism) among adults with autism. However, a recent study conducted in a Dutch-speaking country (the Netherlands) reported a PFL preference (Buijsman et al., 2023). The goal of the current study was to gain insights into language preferences in two Dutch-speaking countries and, in contrast to previous studies, give participants the option to indicate not having a specific language preference. In the current study, we asked 414 Dutch-speaking adults with autism, living either in Belgium or the Netherlands, to fill in an online questionnaire about their language preference. We found that over half of the participants had a PFL preference (54%), followed by having no preference (27%). Only 14% of them had an IFL preference, and 5% proposed another term. Having more years of education was identified as a predictor for having an IFL preference when compared to a PFL preference, while being older predicted having no preference compared to a PFL preference. The majority of Dutch-speaking adults with autism showed a PFL preference, which is in contrast to findings from English-speaking countries, but in accord with a recent study conducted in the Netherlands (Buijsman et al., 2023). Implications of this finding for language use are discussed. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06192-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=556

Autistic traits are related to worse performance in a volatile reward learning task despite adaptive learning rates / Judith GORIS in Autism, 25-2 (February 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-2 (February 2021) . - p.440-451 Titre : Autistic traits are related to worse performance in a volatile reward learning task despite adaptive learning rates Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Massimo SILVETTI, Auteur ; Tom VERGUTS, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Marcel BRASS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.440-451 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  learning rate  reward decision-making Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent theories propose that autism is characterized by an impairment in determining when to learn and when not. Here, we investigated this hypothesis by estimating learning rates (i.e. the speed with which one learns) in three different environments that differed in rule stability and uncertainty. We found that neurotypical participants with more autistic traits performed worse in a volatile environment (with unstable rules), as they chose less often for the most rewarding option. Exploratory analyses indicated that performance was specifically worse when reward rules were opposite to those initially learned for participants with more autistic traits. However, there were no differences in the adjustment of learning rates between participants with more versus less autistic traits. Together, these results suggest that performance in volatile environments is lower in participants with more autistic traits, but that this performance difference cannot be unambiguously explained by an impairment in adjusting learning rates. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320962237 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 [article] Autistic traits are related to worse performance in a volatile reward learning task despite adaptive learning rates [texte imprimé] / Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Massimo SILVETTI, Auteur ; Tom VERGUTS, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Marcel BRASS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur . - p.440-451. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-2 (February 2021) . - p.440-451 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  learning rate  reward decision-making Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent theories propose that autism is characterized by an impairment in determining when to learn and when not. Here, we investigated this hypothesis by estimating learning rates (i.e. the speed with which one learns) in three different environments that differed in rule stability and uncertainty. We found that neurotypical participants with more autistic traits performed worse in a volatile environment (with unstable rules), as they chose less often for the most rewarding option. Exploratory analyses indicated that performance was specifically worse when reward rules were opposite to those initially learned for participants with more autistic traits. However, there were no differences in the adjustment of learning rates between participants with more versus less autistic traits. Together, these results suggest that performance in volatile environments is lower in participants with more autistic traits, but that this performance difference cannot be unambiguously explained by an impairment in adjusting learning rates. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320962237 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442

Different exploration strategies along the autism spectrum: diverging effects of autism diagnosis and autism traits / Fien GOETMAECKERS in Molecular Autism, 16 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 47 Titre : Different exploration strategies along the autism spectrum: diverging effects of autism diagnosis and autism traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fien GOETMAECKERS, Auteur ; Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Tom VERGUTS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur ; Fien GOETMAECKERS, Auteur ; Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Tom VERGUTS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur Article en page(s) : 47 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Computational cognitive modeling  Exploration  Uncertainty  Value-based decision-making  by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences  of Ghent University and all participants gave their informed consent. Consent for  publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no  competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: When faced with many options to choose from, humans typically need to explore the utility of new choice options. People with an autism diagnosis or elevated autism traits are thought to avoid exploring such unknown options, but it remains unclear how autism affects exploration in decision spaces with many options. METHODS: In a large online sample (N = 588), we investigated the impact of autism diagnosis or elevated autism traits on exploration behavior during value-based decision-making in vast decision spaces. We used a 121-armed bandit with spatially correlated choice options, and a dedicated computational model to disentangle generalization, uncertainty-guided exploration, and random exploration strategies. RESULTS: Our findings show that participants with a self-reported autism diagnosis were less likely to explore novel choice options and more likely to exploit known high-value options. Computational modeling suggests they engaged in less uncertainty-driven exploration but exhibited equal random exploration and generalization strategies. Interestingly, among non-diagnosed participants, people with elevated autism traits did not explore less. LIMITATIONS: This study relies on self-reported autism diagnoses and trait measures collected online. This may limit the generalizability of the findings to clinically verified or more diverse autism populations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight important differences in exploration strategies between clinical and subclinical populations and emphasize the importance of cognitive modeling and using vast decision spaces to better understand autism. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13229-025-00679-9. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00679-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569 [article] Different exploration strategies along the autism spectrum: diverging effects of autism diagnosis and autism traits [texte imprimé] / Fien GOETMAECKERS, Auteur ; Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Tom VERGUTS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur ; Fien GOETMAECKERS, Auteur ; Judith GORIS, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Tom VERGUTS, Auteur ; Senne BRAEM, Auteur . - 47. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 47 Mots-clés : Autism  Computational cognitive modeling  Exploration  Uncertainty  Value-based decision-making  by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences  of Ghent University and all participants gave their informed consent. Consent for  publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no  competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: When faced with many options to choose from, humans typically need to explore the utility of new choice options. People with an autism diagnosis or elevated autism traits are thought to avoid exploring such unknown options, but it remains unclear how autism affects exploration in decision spaces with many options. METHODS: In a large online sample (N = 588), we investigated the impact of autism diagnosis or elevated autism traits on exploration behavior during value-based decision-making in vast decision spaces. We used a 121-armed bandit with spatially correlated choice options, and a dedicated computational model to disentangle generalization, uncertainty-guided exploration, and random exploration strategies. RESULTS: Our findings show that participants with a self-reported autism diagnosis were less likely to explore novel choice options and more likely to exploit known high-value options. Computational modeling suggests they engaged in less uncertainty-driven exploration but exhibited equal random exploration and generalization strategies. Interestingly, among non-diagnosed participants, people with elevated autism traits did not explore less. LIMITATIONS: This study relies on self-reported autism diagnoses and trait measures collected online. This may limit the generalizability of the findings to clinically verified or more diverse autism populations. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight important differences in exploration strategies between clinical and subclinical populations and emphasize the importance of cognitive modeling and using vast decision spaces to better understand autism. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13229-025-00679-9. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00679-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569

Disentangling Neural Sources of the Motor Interference Effect in High Functioning Autism: An EEG-Study / Eliane DESCHRIJVER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-3 (March 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-3 (March 2017) . - p.690-700 Titre : Disentangling Neural Sources of the Motor Interference Effect in High Functioning Autism: An EEG-Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eliane DESCHRIJVER, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Marcel BRASS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.690-700 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Imitation  N190  P3  Readiness potential  Self-other distinction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The role of imitation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is controversial. Researchers have argued that deficient control of self- and other-related motor representations (self-other distinction) might explain imitation difficulties. In a recent EEG study, we showed that control of imitation relies on high-level as well as on low-level cognitive processes. Here, we aimed to further our insights into control of imitation deficits in ASD. We focused on congruency effects in the P3 (high-level), the N190 and the readiness potential (RP; low-level). We predicted smaller congruency effects within the P3 in the ASD group. However, we found differences in the RP and not in the P3-component. Thus, high-level self-other distinction centred on motor actions may be preserved in ASD, while impairments are reflected during motor preparation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2991-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304 [article] Disentangling Neural Sources of the Motor Interference Effect in High Functioning Autism: An EEG-Study [texte imprimé] / Eliane DESCHRIJVER, Auteur ; Jan R. WIERSEMA, Auteur ; Marcel BRASS, Auteur . - p.690-700. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-3 (March 2017) . - p.690-700 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Imitation  N190  P3  Readiness potential  Self-other distinction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The role of imitation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is controversial. Researchers have argued that deficient control of self- and other-related motor representations (self-other distinction) might explain imitation difficulties. In a recent EEG study, we showed that control of imitation relies on high-level as well as on low-level cognitive processes. Here, we aimed to further our insights into control of imitation deficits in ASD. We focused on congruency effects in the P3 (high-level), the N190 and the readiness potential (RP; low-level). We predicted smaller congruency effects within the P3 in the ASD group. However, we found differences in the RP and not in the P3-component. Thus, high-level self-other distinction centred on motor actions may be preserved in ASD, while impairments are reflected during motor preparation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2991-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304

EEG frequency tagging evidence of intact social interaction recognition in adults with autism / Danna Oomen in Autism Research, 16-6 (June 2023)  

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Event rate and event-related potentials in ADHD / Jan R. WIERSEMA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-6 (June 2006)  

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Exploring the Role of Neural Mirroring in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Lieselot RUYSSCHAERT in Autism Research, 7-2 (April 2014)  

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The effect of being imitated on empathy for pain in adults with high-functioning autism: Disturbed self-other distinction leads to altered empathic responding / L. DE COSTER in Autism, 22-6 (August 2018)  

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The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults with autism: a survey study across three countries / D. OOMEN in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

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The Relation Between Preference for Predictability and Autistic Traits / Judith GORIS in Autism Research, 13-7 (July 2020)  

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Vestibular Function in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review / R. VAN HECKE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-8 (August 2019)  

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