Maternal age at birth and child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: causal association or familial confounding? / Brennan H. BAKER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-2 (February 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-2 (February 2023) . - p.299-310 Titre : Maternal age at birth and child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: causal association or familial confounding? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brennan H. BAKER, Auteur ; Yoonjung Yoonie JOO, Auteur ; Junghoon PARK, Auteur ; Jiook CHA, Auteur ; Andrea A. BACCARELLI, Auteur ; Jonathan POSNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.299-310 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Causal explanations for the association of young motherhood with increased risk for child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remain unclear. Methods The ABCD Study recruited 11,878 youth from 22 sites across the United States between June 1, 2016 and October 15, 2018. This cross-sectional analysis of 8,514 children aged 8-11 years excluded 2,260 twins/triplets, 265 adopted children, and 839 younger siblings. We examined associations of maternal age with ADHD clinical range diagnoses based on the Child Behavior Checklist and NIH Toolbox Flanker Attention Scores using mixed logistic and linear regression models, respectively. We conducted confounding and causal mediation analyses using genotype array, demographic, socioeconomic, and prenatal environment data to investigate which genetic and environmental variables may explain the association between young maternal age and child ADHD. Results In crude models, each 10-year increase in maternal age was associated with 32% decreased odds of ADHD clinical range diagnosis (OR = 0.68; 95% CI [0.59, 0.78]) and 1.09-points increased NIH Flanker Attention Scores (Î2 = 1.09; 95% CI [0.76, 1.41]), indicating better child visual selective attention. However, adjustment for confounders weakened these associations. The strongest confounders were family income, caregiver education, and ADHD polygenic risk score for ADHD clinical range diagnoses, and family income, caregiver education, and race/ethnicity for NIH Flanker Attention Scores. Breastfeeding duration, prenatal alcohol exposure, and prenatal tobacco exposure were responsible for up to 18%, 6%, and 4% mediation, respectively. Conclusions Socioeconomic disadvantages were likely the primary explanation for the association of young maternal age with child ADHD, although genetics and modifiable environmental factors also played a role. Public policies aimed at reducing the burden of ADHD associated with young motherhood should target socioeconomic inequalities and support young pregnant women by advocating for reduced prenatal tobacco exposure and healthy breastfeeding practices after childbirth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13726 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492 [article] Maternal age at birth and child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: causal association or familial confounding? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brennan H. BAKER, Auteur ; Yoonjung Yoonie JOO, Auteur ; Junghoon PARK, Auteur ; Jiook CHA, Auteur ; Andrea A. BACCARELLI, Auteur ; Jonathan POSNER, Auteur . - p.299-310. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-2 (February 2023) . - p.299-310 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Causal explanations for the association of young motherhood with increased risk for child attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remain unclear. Methods The ABCD Study recruited 11,878 youth from 22 sites across the United States between June 1, 2016 and October 15, 2018. This cross-sectional analysis of 8,514 children aged 8-11 years excluded 2,260 twins/triplets, 265 adopted children, and 839 younger siblings. We examined associations of maternal age with ADHD clinical range diagnoses based on the Child Behavior Checklist and NIH Toolbox Flanker Attention Scores using mixed logistic and linear regression models, respectively. We conducted confounding and causal mediation analyses using genotype array, demographic, socioeconomic, and prenatal environment data to investigate which genetic and environmental variables may explain the association between young maternal age and child ADHD. Results In crude models, each 10-year increase in maternal age was associated with 32% decreased odds of ADHD clinical range diagnosis (OR = 0.68; 95% CI [0.59, 0.78]) and 1.09-points increased NIH Flanker Attention Scores (Î2 = 1.09; 95% CI [0.76, 1.41]), indicating better child visual selective attention. However, adjustment for confounders weakened these associations. The strongest confounders were family income, caregiver education, and ADHD polygenic risk score for ADHD clinical range diagnoses, and family income, caregiver education, and race/ethnicity for NIH Flanker Attention Scores. Breastfeeding duration, prenatal alcohol exposure, and prenatal tobacco exposure were responsible for up to 18%, 6%, and 4% mediation, respectively. Conclusions Socioeconomic disadvantages were likely the primary explanation for the association of young maternal age with child ADHD, although genetics and modifiable environmental factors also played a role. Public policies aimed at reducing the burden of ADHD associated with young motherhood should target socioeconomic inequalities and support young pregnant women by advocating for reduced prenatal tobacco exposure and healthy breastfeeding practices after childbirth. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13726 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=492

Structural neural markers of response to cognitive behavioral therapy in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder / David PAGLIACCIO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-12 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1299-1308 Titre : Structural neural markers of response to cognitive behavioral therapy in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : David PAGLIACCIO, Auteur ; Jiook CHA, Auteur ; Xiaofu HE, Auteur ; Marilyn CYR, Auteur ; Paula YANES-LUKIN, Auteur ; Pablo GOLDBERG, Auteur ; Martine FONTAINE, Auteur ; Moira A. RYNN, Auteur ; Rachel MARSH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1299-1308 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child development  Cognitive therapy  Magnetic resonance imaging  Obsessive-compulsive disorder  Structural MRI (sMRI) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective, first-line treatment for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). While neural predictors of treatment outcomes have been identified in adults with OCD, robust predictors are lacking for pediatric patients. Herein, we sought to identify brain structural markers of CBT response in youth with OCD. METHODS: Twenty-eight children/adolescents with OCD and 27 matched healthy participants (7- to 18-year-olds, M = 11.71 years, SD = 3.29) completed high-resolution structural and diffusion MRI (all unmedicated at time of scanning). Patients with OCD then completed 12-16 sessions of CBT. Subcortical volume and cortical thickness were estimated using FreeSurfer. Structural connectivity (streamline counts) was estimated using MRtrix. RESULTS: Thinner cortex in nine frontoparietal regions significantly predicted improvement in Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) scores (all ts > 3.4, FDR-corrected ps < .05). These included middle and superior frontal, angular, lingual, precentral, superior temporal, and supramarginal gyri (SMG). Vertex-wise analyses confirmed a significant left SMG cluster, showing large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.42) with 72.22% specificity and 90.00% sensitivity in predicting CBT response. Ten structural connections between cingulo-opercular regions exhibited fewer streamline counts in OCD (all ts > 3.12, Cohen's ds > 0.92) compared with healthy participants. These connections predicted post-treatment CY-BOCS scores, beyond pretreatment severity and demographics, though not above and beyond cortical thickness. CONCLUSIONS: The current study identified group differences in structural connectivity (reduced among cingulo-opercular regions) and cortical thickness predictors of CBT response (thinner frontoparietal cortices) in unmedicated children/adolescents with OCD. These data suggest, for the first time, that cortical and white matter features of task control circuits may be useful in identifying which pediatric patients respond best to individual CBT. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13191 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434 [article] Structural neural markers of response to cognitive behavioral therapy in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / David PAGLIACCIO, Auteur ; Jiook CHA, Auteur ; Xiaofu HE, Auteur ; Marilyn CYR, Auteur ; Paula YANES-LUKIN, Auteur ; Pablo GOLDBERG, Auteur ; Martine FONTAINE, Auteur ; Moira A. RYNN, Auteur ; Rachel MARSH, Auteur . - p.1299-1308. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 61-12 (December 2020) . - p.1299-1308 Mots-clés : Child development  Cognitive therapy  Magnetic resonance imaging  Obsessive-compulsive disorder  Structural MRI (sMRI) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective, first-line treatment for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). While neural predictors of treatment outcomes have been identified in adults with OCD, robust predictors are lacking for pediatric patients. Herein, we sought to identify brain structural markers of CBT response in youth with OCD. METHODS: Twenty-eight children/adolescents with OCD and 27 matched healthy participants (7- to 18-year-olds, M = 11.71 years, SD = 3.29) completed high-resolution structural and diffusion MRI (all unmedicated at time of scanning). Patients with OCD then completed 12-16 sessions of CBT. Subcortical volume and cortical thickness were estimated using FreeSurfer. Structural connectivity (streamline counts) was estimated using MRtrix. RESULTS: Thinner cortex in nine frontoparietal regions significantly predicted improvement in Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) scores (all ts > 3.4, FDR-corrected ps < .05). These included middle and superior frontal, angular, lingual, precentral, superior temporal, and supramarginal gyri (SMG). Vertex-wise analyses confirmed a significant left SMG cluster, showing large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.42) with 72.22% specificity and 90.00% sensitivity in predicting CBT response. Ten structural connections between cingulo-opercular regions exhibited fewer streamline counts in OCD (all ts > 3.12, Cohen's ds > 0.92) compared with healthy participants. These connections predicted post-treatment CY-BOCS scores, beyond pretreatment severity and demographics, though not above and beyond cortical thickness. CONCLUSIONS: The current study identified group differences in structural connectivity (reduced among cingulo-opercular regions) and cortical thickness predictors of CBT response (thinner frontoparietal cortices) in unmedicated children/adolescents with OCD. These data suggest, for the first time, that cortical and white matter features of task control circuits may be useful in identifying which pediatric patients respond best to individual CBT. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13191 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434

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