Atypical Impact of Action Effect Delay on Motor Performance in Autism / Noam Karsh ; Marissa HARTSTON ; Bat-Sheva HADAD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-2 (February 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-2 (February 2025) . - p.499-509 Titre : Atypical Impact of Action Effect Delay on Motor Performance in Autism : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Noam Karsh, Auteur ; Marissa HARTSTON, Auteur ; Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.499-509 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical sensory perception and motor impairments are primary features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that indicate atypical development and predict social and non-social challenges. However, their link is poorly understood. Sensory perception is often integrated with motor processes when a sensory effect is temporally contiguous with the motor response. Such sensory-motor coupling further improves motor behavior. Previous studies indicate alterations in sensory perception of action-effect temporal contiguity in ASD, which bares the question of how it may impact motor performance. People diagnosed with ASD and typically developed (TD) participants performed a speeded reaction-time task previously established to capture the facilitating impact of action?s perceptual effect on motor response selection. The sensitivity of this mechanism to delays in the effect was measured, manipulating the action-effect temporal contiguity in a within-subject design. An immediate action effect (compared to a No-effect condition) facilitated response selection in the TD group. This facilitation effect was evident in the ASD group but did not show the typical sensitivity to the effect delay. While in the TD group, RT was shorter in the short (225ms) compared to the long (675ms) action effect delay condition, this distinguished pattern was absent in the ASD group. The findings provide supporting evidence that atypical motor performance in ASD results, at least in part, from an altered sensory perception of action effect temporal contiguity. We discuss the results in light of the reduced perceptual specialization account in ASD and its potential for undermining adaptive sensorimotor processes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06227-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548 [article] Atypical Impact of Action Effect Delay on Motor Performance in Autism : Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Noam Karsh, Auteur ; Marissa HARTSTON, Auteur ; Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur . - p.499-509. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-2 (February 2025) . - p.499-509 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical sensory perception and motor impairments are primary features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that indicate atypical development and predict social and non-social challenges. However, their link is poorly understood. Sensory perception is often integrated with motor processes when a sensory effect is temporally contiguous with the motor response. Such sensory-motor coupling further improves motor behavior. Previous studies indicate alterations in sensory perception of action-effect temporal contiguity in ASD, which bares the question of how it may impact motor performance. People diagnosed with ASD and typically developed (TD) participants performed a speeded reaction-time task previously established to capture the facilitating impact of action?s perceptual effect on motor response selection. The sensitivity of this mechanism to delays in the effect was measured, manipulating the action-effect temporal contiguity in a within-subject design. An immediate action effect (compared to a No-effect condition) facilitated response selection in the TD group. This facilitation effect was evident in the ASD group but did not show the typical sensitivity to the effect delay. While in the TD group, RT was shorter in the short (225ms) compared to the long (675ms) action effect delay condition, this distinguished pattern was absent in the ASD group. The findings provide supporting evidence that atypical motor performance in ASD results, at least in part, from an altered sensory perception of action effect temporal contiguity. We discuss the results in light of the reduced perceptual specialization account in ASD and its potential for undermining adaptive sensorimotor processes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06227-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=548

Fast updating of stimulus history reveals weak internal representations of faces in autism / Marissa HARTSTON in Autism Research, 17-11 (November 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-11 (November 2024) . - p.2232-2243 Titre : Fast updating of stimulus history reveals weak internal representations of faces in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marissa HARTSTON, Auteur ; Tal LULAV-BASH, Auteur ; Yael GOLDSTEIN-MARCUSOHN, Auteur ; Galia AVIDAN, Auteur ; Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2232-2243 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  serial dependance  Bayesian perception  contextual effects  face processing  other-race effects  regression to the mean Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Atypical perception has been widely reported in autism spectrum disorders, and deficits in face recognition, specifically, are argued to be closely associated with social impairment experienced by these individuals. However, it is still debated (a) whether deficits are perceptually based, and (b) what the role is of experience-based refinements of perceptual face representations in autism. We investigated the effect of short- and long-term experienced stimulus history on face processing. Autistic and non-autistic individuals performed same-different judgments in a serial discrimination task where two consecutive faces were drawn from a distribution of morphed faces. Use of stimulus statistics was measured by testing the gravitation of face representations towards, the mean of a range of morphed faces around which they were sampled (regression-to-the-mean). The results show that unlike non-autistic individuals, representations of own- and other-race faces were equally biased by stimulus statistics in autistic individuals. Moreover, autistic individuals used the most recently exposed faces without forming a strong internal representation based on the overall experienced faces, indicating a weaker internal model of the ?typical? averaged face. This accumulated history of faces may underlie typical face specialization, and thus may account for the reduced specialization for own-race faces shown in autism. The results shed light on the way autistic people process and recognize faces, and on the basic mechanisms underlying atypical face perception. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3236 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=542 [article] Fast updating of stimulus history reveals weak internal representations of faces in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marissa HARTSTON, Auteur ; Tal LULAV-BASH, Auteur ; Yael GOLDSTEIN-MARCUSOHN, Auteur ; Galia AVIDAN, Auteur ; Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur . - p.2232-2243. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-11 (November 2024) . - p.2232-2243 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  serial dependance  Bayesian perception  contextual effects  face processing  other-race effects  regression to the mean Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Atypical perception has been widely reported in autism spectrum disorders, and deficits in face recognition, specifically, are argued to be closely associated with social impairment experienced by these individuals. However, it is still debated (a) whether deficits are perceptually based, and (b) what the role is of experience-based refinements of perceptual face representations in autism. We investigated the effect of short- and long-term experienced stimulus history on face processing. Autistic and non-autistic individuals performed same-different judgments in a serial discrimination task where two consecutive faces were drawn from a distribution of morphed faces. Use of stimulus statistics was measured by testing the gravitation of face representations towards, the mean of a range of morphed faces around which they were sampled (regression-to-the-mean). The results show that unlike non-autistic individuals, representations of own- and other-race faces were equally biased by stimulus statistics in autistic individuals. Moreover, autistic individuals used the most recently exposed faces without forming a strong internal representation based on the overall experienced faces, indicating a weaker internal model of the ?typical? averaged face. This accumulated history of faces may underlie typical face specialization, and thus may account for the reduced specialization for own-race faces shown in autism. The results shed light on the way autistic people process and recognize faces, and on the basic mechanisms underlying atypical face perception. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3236 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=542

Weaker face recognition in adults with autism arises from perceptually based alterations / Marissa HARTSTON in Autism Research, 16-4 (April 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-4 (April 2023) . - p.723-733 Titre : Weaker face recognition in adults with autism arises from perceptually based alterations Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marissa HARTSTON, Auteur ; Galia AVIDAN, Auteur ; Yoni PERTZOV, Auteur ; Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.723-733 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Face recognition has been shown to be impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, it is still debated whether these face processing deficits arise from perceptually based alterations. We tested individuals with ASD and matched typically developing (TD) individuals using a delayed estimation task in which a single target face was shown either upright or inverted. Participants selected a face that best resembled the target face out of a cyclic space of morphed faces. To enable the disentanglement of visual from mnemonic processing, reports were required either following a 1 and 6 second retention interval, or simultaneously while the target face was still visible. Individuals with ASD made significantly more errors than TD individuals in both the simultaneous and delayed intervals, indicating that face recognition deficits in autism are also perceptual rather than strictly memory based. Moreover, individuals with ASD exhibited weaker inversion effects than the TD individuals, on all retention intervals. This finding, that was mostly evident in precision errors, suggests that contrary to the more precise representations of upright faces in TD individuals, individuals with ASD exhibit similar levels of precision for inverted and upright faces, for both simultaneous and delayed conditions. These results suggest that weakened memory for faces reported in ASD may be secondary to an underlying perceptual deficit in face processing. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2893 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] Weaker face recognition in adults with autism arises from perceptually based alterations [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marissa HARTSTON, Auteur ; Galia AVIDAN, Auteur ; Yoni PERTZOV, Auteur ; Bat-Sheva HADAD, Auteur . - p.723-733. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-4 (April 2023) . - p.723-733 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Face recognition has been shown to be impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, it is still debated whether these face processing deficits arise from perceptually based alterations. We tested individuals with ASD and matched typically developing (TD) individuals using a delayed estimation task in which a single target face was shown either upright or inverted. Participants selected a face that best resembled the target face out of a cyclic space of morphed faces. To enable the disentanglement of visual from mnemonic processing, reports were required either following a 1 and 6 second retention interval, or simultaneously while the target face was still visible. Individuals with ASD made significantly more errors than TD individuals in both the simultaneous and delayed intervals, indicating that face recognition deficits in autism are also perceptual rather than strictly memory based. Moreover, individuals with ASD exhibited weaker inversion effects than the TD individuals, on all retention intervals. This finding, that was mostly evident in precision errors, suggests that contrary to the more precise representations of upright faces in TD individuals, individuals with ASD exhibit similar levels of precision for inverted and upright faces, for both simultaneous and delayed conditions. These results suggest that weakened memory for faces reported in ASD may be secondary to an underlying perceptual deficit in face processing. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2893 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

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