An evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL in Autism, 27-4 (May 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.890-904 Titre : An evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Qun YU, Auteur ; Rachael MCKINNON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.890-904 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adverse events,autism,intervention,risks of bias,systematic review,transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this systematic evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth, we examined quality indicators in 193 group and single-case design intervention studies, which tested effects on 1258 outcomes. Behaviorally based interventions were the most common intervention type. We found significant threats to internal validity for the majority of studies, including inadequate randomization, unmasked assessors, and too few data points to infer functional relations. The majority of outcomes were measured in contexts similar to the intervention and were conceptualized as behaviors directly addressed by intervention procedures. As such, they are of unclear long-term utility for autistic people entering adulthood. Adverse events were rarely reported. We suggest several avenues for improving intervention research for this age group.Lay abstractIn this study, we assess the quality of intervention research that focuses on autistic youth who are 14-22 years old. We found 193 different studies on this topic, and carefully reviewed them. Most of these studies tested strategies that were behavioral. This means that they used procedures like prompting and rewards to change participants' behavior. We found that the majority of studies had problems that make it hard to determine whether or not the intervention worked. The problems related to how researchers designed their studies, and how they measured the study outcomes. We also found that researchers rarely tried to find out if the strategies they studied had unintended negative effects for participants. Because of these issues, we make suggestions for how researchers might design better studies that will let people know how well the strategies worked. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221128761 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499 [article] An evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur ; Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Qun YU, Auteur ; Rachael MCKINNON, Auteur . - p.890-904. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 27-4 (May 2023) . - p.890-904 Mots-clés : adverse events,autism,intervention,risks of bias,systematic review,transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this systematic evaluation of intervention research for transition-age autistic youth, we examined quality indicators in 193 group and single-case design intervention studies, which tested effects on 1258 outcomes. Behaviorally based interventions were the most common intervention type. We found significant threats to internal validity for the majority of studies, including inadequate randomization, unmasked assessors, and too few data points to infer functional relations. The majority of outcomes were measured in contexts similar to the intervention and were conceptualized as behaviors directly addressed by intervention procedures. As such, they are of unclear long-term utility for autistic people entering adulthood. Adverse events were rarely reported. We suggest several avenues for improving intervention research for this age group.Lay abstractIn this study, we assess the quality of intervention research that focuses on autistic youth who are 14-22 years old. We found 193 different studies on this topic, and carefully reviewed them. Most of these studies tested strategies that were behavioral. This means that they used procedures like prompting and rewards to change participants' behavior. We found that the majority of studies had problems that make it hard to determine whether or not the intervention worked. The problems related to how researchers designed their studies, and how they measured the study outcomes. We also found that researchers rarely tried to find out if the strategies they studied had unintended negative effects for participants. Because of these issues, we make suggestions for how researchers might design better studies that will let people know how well the strategies worked. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221128761 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=499

Factors associated with the job satisfaction of autistic adults / Shannon Crowley LAPOINT in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 112 (April 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102330 Titre : Factors associated with the job satisfaction of autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.102330 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Employment  Job satisfaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Following high school graduation, autistic adults are more likely to be disengaged from participation in employment opportunities. The autistic individuals who do obtain jobs, often experience lower rates of employment, work fewer hours, and receive less pay when compared to other non-autistic adults. However, few researchers have explored outcomes associated with the satisfaction of autistic people while in the workplace. Method Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with the job satisfaction of autistic workers. Autistic adults who were at least 18 years of age, employed in the United States, and worked at least 10 h per week at the time of data collection were included in the current study. A linear regression was conducted to determine whether social support positively predicted the job satisfaction of autistic workers and mediation analysis was conducted to determine whether person-environment fit mediated the relationship between work volition and job satisfaction. Results 121 autistic employees completed a battery of assessments to determine the predictors associated with job satisfaction. A linear regression revealed that social support in the workplace was significantly associated with job satisfaction, and a mediation analysis demonstrated that person-environment fit partially mediated the relationship between work volition and job satisfaction. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest the need for more widespread training among employers and co-workers, to reframe current understandings of autistic people. With improved knowledge, acceptance, and support, the employment context may foster positive work experiences for autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523 [article] Factors associated with the job satisfaction of autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur . - p.102330. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 112 (April 2024) . - p.102330 Mots-clés : Autism  Employment  Job satisfaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Following high school graduation, autistic adults are more likely to be disengaged from participation in employment opportunities. The autistic individuals who do obtain jobs, often experience lower rates of employment, work fewer hours, and receive less pay when compared to other non-autistic adults. However, few researchers have explored outcomes associated with the satisfaction of autistic people while in the workplace. Method Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with the job satisfaction of autistic workers. Autistic adults who were at least 18 years of age, employed in the United States, and worked at least 10 h per week at the time of data collection were included in the current study. A linear regression was conducted to determine whether social support positively predicted the job satisfaction of autistic workers and mediation analysis was conducted to determine whether person-environment fit mediated the relationship between work volition and job satisfaction. Results 121 autistic employees completed a battery of assessments to determine the predictors associated with job satisfaction. A linear regression revealed that social support in the workplace was significantly associated with job satisfaction, and a mediation analysis demonstrated that person-environment fit partially mediated the relationship between work volition and job satisfaction. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest the need for more widespread training among employers and co-workers, to reframe current understandings of autistic people. With improved knowledge, acceptance, and support, the employment context may foster positive work experiences for autistic people. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102330 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=523

Problems with "problem behavior": A secondary systematic review of intervention research on transition-age autistic youth / Rachael MCKINNON ; Sarah MOHIUDDIN ; Shannon Crowley LAPOINT ; So Yoon KIM in Autism, 28-8 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 28-8 (August 2024) . - p.1872-1888 Titre : Problems with "problem behavior": A secondary systematic review of intervention research on transition-age autistic youth Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael MCKINNON, Auteur ; Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1872-1888 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  challenging behavior  intervention  problem behavior  transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this secondary systematic review of single-case and controlled group design intervention studies conducted with transition-age autistic youth, we examined features of 48 studies with 273 participants that measured at least one "problem behavior" outcome (Prospero registration number: 231764). We searched 11 databases for relevant studies, and the final search date was November 2022. Our primary aims were to determine how problem behaviors were defined and selected for reduction, how functions were determined, and the interventions used to address them. Studies were coded and codes were tabulated and converted to percentages to answer each research question. Thirty-eight percent of studies defined problem behavior, and 88% of studies implemented behavioral strategies to reduce problem behaviors. Behaviors with low potential for harm constituted the majority of the 67 outcome variables (61%), while behaviors with high potential for harm were a minority (39%). The most common intervention target was stereotypic behavior. Fewer than half of studies: reported procedures for selecting behaviors, reported procedures to determine behavior function, or ascribed functions to behaviors. We were unable to report on some demographic features of participants (e.g. race/ethnicity) because they were rarely reported in primary studies. We conclude that problem behavior is poorly conceptualized in this research. Lay abstract In a previous study, we looked at research done on strategies to support autistic people who were between 14 and 22?years old. For this study, we looked at all of the studies in our previous study that tried to decrease or stop autistic people from doing certain things-many researchers call these things "problem behavior." There were 48 studies that tried to reduce problem behavior, and most of them used strategies like prompting and reinforcement to try get autistic people to change their behavior. We found many things wrong with these studies. Most of them did not define the group of behaviors they were trying to stop autistic people from doing. None of the studies looked at whether any side effects happened when they tried the strategy they were studying. Also, most of the studies tried to stop autistic people from doing behaviors that probably were not harmful, like stereotypic behavior. Most of the studies did not say how they decided that the behaviors they tried to stop were a problem for the autistic people in the study, and most studies did not try to figure out why the autistic people in the study did the behaviors the researchers were trying to stop them from doing. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241229159 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=533 [article] Problems with "problem behavior": A secondary systematic review of intervention research on transition-age autistic youth [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael MCKINNON, Auteur ; Sarah MOHIUDDIN, Auteur ; Shannon Crowley LAPOINT, Auteur ; So Yoon KIM, Auteur . - p.1872-1888. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 28-8 (August 2024) . - p.1872-1888 Mots-clés : autism  challenging behavior  intervention  problem behavior  transition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this secondary systematic review of single-case and controlled group design intervention studies conducted with transition-age autistic youth, we examined features of 48 studies with 273 participants that measured at least one "problem behavior" outcome (Prospero registration number: 231764). We searched 11 databases for relevant studies, and the final search date was November 2022. Our primary aims were to determine how problem behaviors were defined and selected for reduction, how functions were determined, and the interventions used to address them. Studies were coded and codes were tabulated and converted to percentages to answer each research question. Thirty-eight percent of studies defined problem behavior, and 88% of studies implemented behavioral strategies to reduce problem behaviors. Behaviors with low potential for harm constituted the majority of the 67 outcome variables (61%), while behaviors with high potential for harm were a minority (39%). The most common intervention target was stereotypic behavior. Fewer than half of studies: reported procedures for selecting behaviors, reported procedures to determine behavior function, or ascribed functions to behaviors. We were unable to report on some demographic features of participants (e.g. race/ethnicity) because they were rarely reported in primary studies. We conclude that problem behavior is poorly conceptualized in this research. Lay abstract In a previous study, we looked at research done on strategies to support autistic people who were between 14 and 22?years old. For this study, we looked at all of the studies in our previous study that tried to decrease or stop autistic people from doing certain things-many researchers call these things "problem behavior." There were 48 studies that tried to reduce problem behavior, and most of them used strategies like prompting and reinforcement to try get autistic people to change their behavior. We found many things wrong with these studies. Most of them did not define the group of behaviors they were trying to stop autistic people from doing. None of the studies looked at whether any side effects happened when they tried the strategy they were studying. Also, most of the studies tried to stop autistic people from doing behaviors that probably were not harmful, like stereotypic behavior. Most of the studies did not say how they decided that the behaviors they tried to stop were a problem for the autistic people in the study, and most studies did not try to figure out why the autistic people in the study did the behaviors the researchers were trying to stop them from doing. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613241229159 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=533

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