Disentangling the perceptual underpinnings of autism: Evidence from a face aftereffects experiment / Julius HENNIG ; Arne DOOSE ; Clara Marie BREIER ; Alexander SOUTSCHEK ; Nicole BEYER ; Stefan SCHWEINBERGER ; Inge KAMP-BECKER ; Luise POUSTKA ; Katja ALBERTOWSKI ; Veit ROESSNER ; Stefan EHRLICH in Autism Research, 18-2 (February 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 18-2 (February 2025) . - p.349-361 Titre : Disentangling the perceptual underpinnings of autism: Evidence from a face aftereffects experiment : Autism Research Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Julius HENNIG, Auteur ; Arne DOOSE, Auteur ; Clara Marie BREIER, Auteur ; Alexander SOUTSCHEK, Auteur ; Nicole BEYER, Auteur ; Stefan SCHWEINBERGER, Auteur ; Inge KAMP-BECKER, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Katja ALBERTOWSKI, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Stefan EHRLICH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.349-361 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism face aftereffects gender processing hierarchical drift diffusion modeling perceptual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Existing literature has documented diminished norm-based adaptation (aftereffects) across several perceptual domains in autism. However, the exact underlying mechanisms, such as sensory dominance possibly caused by imprecise priors and/or increased sensory precision, remain elusive. The ?Bayesian brain framework offers refined methods to investigate these mechanisms. This study utilized both model-free (frequentist statistics) and model-based (hierarchical Drift Diffusion Modeling) analytical approaches to compare gender face aftereffects in male adolescents with autism (n 29) to neurotypical controls (n 39) using a behavioral choice experiment. Contrary to our initial hypotheses, our analyses did not find support for imprecise priors or increased sensory precision within the autistic group. Instead, we observed generally decreased drift rates towards male but not female stimuli in the autistic group. Thus, our findings suggest a lack of own-gender bias in face processing among the autistic participants. These findings align with more recent behavioral and neurophysiological research observing intact priors in individuals with autism, suggesting that other mechanisms may better explain the perceptual challenges in autism. Our study contributes to the ongoing discourse on perceptual processing in autism, emphasizing the necessity for more nuanced analytical approaches in order to unravel the complexity of this condition. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3283 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=547 [article] Disentangling the perceptual underpinnings of autism: Evidence from a face aftereffects experiment : Autism Research [texte imprimé] / Julius HENNIG, Auteur ; Arne DOOSE, Auteur ; Clara Marie BREIER, Auteur ; Alexander SOUTSCHEK, Auteur ; Nicole BEYER, Auteur ; Stefan SCHWEINBERGER, Auteur ; Inge KAMP-BECKER, Auteur ; Luise POUSTKA, Auteur ; Katja ALBERTOWSKI, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Stefan EHRLICH, Auteur . - p.349-361. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 18-2 (February 2025) . - p.349-361 Mots-clés : autism face aftereffects gender processing hierarchical drift diffusion modeling perceptual processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Existing literature has documented diminished norm-based adaptation (aftereffects) across several perceptual domains in autism. However, the exact underlying mechanisms, such as sensory dominance possibly caused by imprecise priors and/or increased sensory precision, remain elusive. The ?Bayesian brain framework offers refined methods to investigate these mechanisms. This study utilized both model-free (frequentist statistics) and model-based (hierarchical Drift Diffusion Modeling) analytical approaches to compare gender face aftereffects in male adolescents with autism (n 29) to neurotypical controls (n 39) using a behavioral choice experiment. Contrary to our initial hypotheses, our analyses did not find support for imprecise priors or increased sensory precision within the autistic group. Instead, we observed generally decreased drift rates towards male but not female stimuli in the autistic group. Thus, our findings suggest a lack of own-gender bias in face processing among the autistic participants. These findings align with more recent behavioral and neurophysiological research observing intact priors in individuals with autism, suggesting that other mechanisms may better explain the perceptual challenges in autism. Our study contributes to the ongoing discourse on perceptual processing in autism, emphasizing the necessity for more nuanced analytical approaches in order to unravel the complexity of this condition. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3283 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=547

Structural Learning in Autistic and Non-Autistic Children: A Replication and Extension / Svenja OESTREICHER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 56-1 (January 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 56-1 (January 2026) . - p.229-240 Titre : Structural Learning in Autistic and Non-Autistic Children: A Replication and Extension Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Svenja OESTREICHER, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Claire T. DERWENT, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Nora VETTER, Auteur ; Theresia VOLK, Auteur ; Nicole BEYER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.229-240 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The hippocampus is involved in many cognitive domains which are difficult for autistic individuals. Our previous study using a Structural Learning task that has been shown to depend on hippocampal functioning found that structural learning is diminished in autistic adults (Ring et al., 2017). The aim of the present study was to examine whether those results can be replicated in and extended to a sample of autistic and non-autistic children. We tested 43 autistic children and 38 non-autistic children with a subsample of 25 autistic and 28 non-autistic children who were well-matched on IQ. The children took part in a Simple Discrimination task which a simpler form of compound learning, and a Structural Learning task. We expected both groups to perform similarly in Simple Discrimination but reduced performance by the autism group on the Structural Learning task, which is what we found in both the well-matched and the non-matched sample. However, contrary to our prediction and the findings from autistic adults in our previous study, autistic children demonstrated a capacity for Structural Learning and showed an overall better performance in the tasks than was seen in earlier studies. We discuss developmental differences in autism as well as the role of executive functions that may have contributed to better than predicted task performance in this study. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06486-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=580 [article] Structural Learning in Autistic and Non-Autistic Children: A Replication and Extension [texte imprimé] / Svenja OESTREICHER, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Claire T. DERWENT, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Nora VETTER, Auteur ; Theresia VOLK, Auteur ; Nicole BEYER, Auteur ; Melanie RING, Auteur . - p.229-240. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 56-1 (January 2026) . - p.229-240 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The hippocampus is involved in many cognitive domains which are difficult for autistic individuals. Our previous study using a Structural Learning task that has been shown to depend on hippocampal functioning found that structural learning is diminished in autistic adults (Ring et al., 2017). The aim of the present study was to examine whether those results can be replicated in and extended to a sample of autistic and non-autistic children. We tested 43 autistic children and 38 non-autistic children with a subsample of 25 autistic and 28 non-autistic children who were well-matched on IQ. The children took part in a Simple Discrimination task which a simpler form of compound learning, and a Structural Learning task. We expected both groups to perform similarly in Simple Discrimination but reduced performance by the autism group on the Structural Learning task, which is what we found in both the well-matched and the non-matched sample. However, contrary to our prediction and the findings from autistic adults in our previous study, autistic children demonstrated a capacity for Structural Learning and showed an overall better performance in the tasks than was seen in earlier studies. We discuss developmental differences in autism as well as the role of executive functions that may have contributed to better than predicted task performance in this study. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06486-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=580

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