Children's genotypes interact with maternal responsive care in predicting children's competence: Diathesis–stress or differential susceptibility? / Grazyna KOCHANSKA in Development and Psychopathology, 23-2 (May 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 23-2 (May 2011) . - p.605-616 Titre : Children's genotypes interact with maternal responsive care in predicting children's competence: Diathesis–stress or differential susceptibility? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.605-616 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined Genotype × Environment (G × E) interactions between children's genotypes (the serotonin transporter linked promoter region [5-HTTLPR] gene) and maternal responsive care observed at 15, 25, 38, and 52 months on three aspects of children's competence at 67 months: academic skills and school engagement, social functioning with peers, and moral internalization that encompassed prosocial moral cognition and the moral self. Academic and social competence outcomes were reported by both parents, and moral internalization was observed in children's narratives elicited by hypothetical stories and in a puppet interview. Analyses revealed robust G × E interactions, such that children's genotype moderated the effects of maternal responsive care on all aspects of children's competence. Among children with a short 5-HTTLPR allele (ss/sl), those whose mothers were more responsive were significantly more competent than those whose mothers were less responsive. Responsiveness had no effect for children with two long alleles (ll). For academic and social competence, the G × E interactions resembled the diathesis–stress model: ss/sl children of unresponsive mothers had particularly unfavorable outcomes, but ss/sl children of responsive mothers had no worse outcomes than ll children. For moral internalization, the G × E interaction reflected the differential susceptibility model: whereas ss/sl children of unresponsive mothers again had particularly unfavorable outcomes, ss/sl children of responsive mothers had significantly better outcomes than ll children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000071 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121 [article] Children's genotypes interact with maternal responsive care in predicting children's competence: Diathesis–stress or differential susceptibility? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.605-616. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 23-2 (May 2011) . - p.605-616 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We examined Genotype × Environment (G × E) interactions between children's genotypes (the serotonin transporter linked promoter region [5-HTTLPR] gene) and maternal responsive care observed at 15, 25, 38, and 52 months on three aspects of children's competence at 67 months: academic skills and school engagement, social functioning with peers, and moral internalization that encompassed prosocial moral cognition and the moral self. Academic and social competence outcomes were reported by both parents, and moral internalization was observed in children's narratives elicited by hypothetical stories and in a puppet interview. Analyses revealed robust G × E interactions, such that children's genotype moderated the effects of maternal responsive care on all aspects of children's competence. Among children with a short 5-HTTLPR allele (ss/sl), those whose mothers were more responsive were significantly more competent than those whose mothers were less responsive. Responsiveness had no effect for children with two long alleles (ll). For academic and social competence, the G × E interactions resembled the diathesis–stress model: ss/sl children of unresponsive mothers had particularly unfavorable outcomes, but ss/sl children of responsive mothers had no worse outcomes than ll children. For moral internalization, the G × E interaction reflected the differential susceptibility model: whereas ss/sl children of unresponsive mothers again had particularly unfavorable outcomes, ss/sl children of responsive mothers had significantly better outcomes than ll children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000071 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121

A developmental model of maternal and child contributions to disruptive conduct: the first six years / Grazyna KOCHANSKA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-11 (November 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-11 (November 2008) . - p.1220-1227 Titre : A developmental model of maternal and child contributions to disruptive conduct: the first six years Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Nazan AKSAN, Auteur ; Lea J. BOLDT, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1220-1227 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mother–child-relationship conscience disruptive-behavior longitudinal-studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The parent–child relationship is considered important for children's future conscience, and conscience is seen as protecting them from disruptive behavior problems, but specific mechanisms of this developmental process are rarely studied. Methods: This multi-trait multi-method study examined, in a longitudinal design, paths linking early maternal responsiveness to the child with the child's future conscience and disruptive behavior in 102 mother–child dyads. We tested a conceptual model where maternal responsiveness to the child, observed at 7 and 15 months, engenders a responsive stance in the child, observed at 25 and 38 months; that stance, in turn, becomes enduring and generalized, promoting multiple aspects of the child's conscience, observed at 52 months. In turn, conscience serves as a protective factor from disruptive behavior problems, rated by mothers and fathers at 67 months. Results: The postulated paths were examined using sequential regressions and mediation effects were tested using bootstrapping analyses. Child responsive stance at 25–38 months fully mediated the link between maternal responsiveness in infancy and conscience at 52 months, and conscience fully mediated the link between child responsive stance and future disruptive behavior at 67 months. Conclusions: Examination of developmental links among early maternal behavior, the child's responsive stance toward the mother, conscience, and disruptive behavior is a promising step toward elucidating mechanisms of children's adaptive and maladaptive trajectories. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01932.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=633 [article] A developmental model of maternal and child contributions to disruptive conduct: the first six years [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Nazan AKSAN, Auteur ; Lea J. BOLDT, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1220-1227. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-11 (November 2008) . - p.1220-1227 Mots-clés : Mother–child-relationship conscience disruptive-behavior longitudinal-studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: The parent–child relationship is considered important for children's future conscience, and conscience is seen as protecting them from disruptive behavior problems, but specific mechanisms of this developmental process are rarely studied. Methods: This multi-trait multi-method study examined, in a longitudinal design, paths linking early maternal responsiveness to the child with the child's future conscience and disruptive behavior in 102 mother–child dyads. We tested a conceptual model where maternal responsiveness to the child, observed at 7 and 15 months, engenders a responsive stance in the child, observed at 25 and 38 months; that stance, in turn, becomes enduring and generalized, promoting multiple aspects of the child's conscience, observed at 52 months. In turn, conscience serves as a protective factor from disruptive behavior problems, rated by mothers and fathers at 67 months. Results: The postulated paths were examined using sequential regressions and mediation effects were tested using bootstrapping analyses. Child responsive stance at 25–38 months fully mediated the link between maternal responsiveness in infancy and conscience at 52 months, and conscience fully mediated the link between child responsive stance and future disruptive behavior at 67 months. Conclusions: Examination of developmental links among early maternal behavior, the child's responsive stance toward the mother, conscience, and disruptive behavior is a promising step toward elucidating mechanisms of children's adaptive and maladaptive trajectories. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01932.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=633

G × E interaction in the organization of attachment: mothers'responsiveness as a moderator of children's genotypes / Robin A. BARRY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-12 (December 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1313-1320 Titre : G × E interaction in the organization of attachment: mothers'responsiveness as a moderator of children's genotypes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1313-1320 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : G×E-interaction attachment maternal-responsiveness 5-HTTLPR parent–child-relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Scholars acknowledge that both biologically-founded child temperament and environmental factors are influential in determining the quality of infant–mother attachment. We present evidence for gene by environment (G × E) interaction in the organization of attachment. Methods: Participants were 88 typically developing infants and their mothers. Molecular genetic measures of the infants focused on the polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR, ss/sl vs. ll genotype). Mothers' responsiveness to their infants at 7 months was observed in lengthy naturalistic interactions, and was conceptualized as the environmental influence. Results: For infants with a short allele (ss/sl ), variation in mothers' responsiveness was significantly associated with attachment security, assessed at 15 months in the Strange Situation. For those infants, low responsiveness predicted particularly high risk for insecure attachment, and high responsiveness offset that risk. For infants homozygous for the long allele (ll ), there was no association between responsiveness and attachment organization. Conclusions: The findings show that the quality of early care serves to amplify or offset the risk conferred by genotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01935.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=645 [article] G × E interaction in the organization of attachment: mothers'responsiveness as a moderator of children's genotypes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1313-1320. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1313-1320 Mots-clés : G×E-interaction attachment maternal-responsiveness 5-HTTLPR parent–child-relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Scholars acknowledge that both biologically-founded child temperament and environmental factors are influential in determining the quality of infant–mother attachment. We present evidence for gene by environment (G × E) interaction in the organization of attachment. Methods: Participants were 88 typically developing infants and their mothers. Molecular genetic measures of the infants focused on the polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR, ss/sl vs. ll genotype). Mothers' responsiveness to their infants at 7 months was observed in lengthy naturalistic interactions, and was conceptualized as the environmental influence. Results: For infants with a short allele (ss/sl ), variation in mothers' responsiveness was significantly associated with attachment security, assessed at 15 months in the Strange Situation. For those infants, low responsiveness predicted particularly high risk for insecure attachment, and high responsiveness offset that risk. For infants homozygous for the long allele (ll ), there was no association between responsiveness and attachment organization. Conclusions: The findings show that the quality of early care serves to amplify or offset the risk conferred by genotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01935.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=645

Interplay of genes and early mother–child relationship in the development of self-regulation from toddler to preschool age / Grazyna KOCHANSKA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-11 (November 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-11 (November 2009) . - p.1331-1338 Titre : Interplay of genes and early mother–child relationship in the development of self-regulation from toddler to preschool age Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1331-1338 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment emotion-regulation genetics G×E-interactions effortful-control 5-HTTLPR-polymorphism parent–child-relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: A broad capacity for deliberate self-regulation plays a key role in emotion regulation. This longitudinal investigation from infancy to preschool age examines genotype by environment (G × E) interaction in the development of self-regulation, using molecular measures of children's genotypes and observed measures of the quality of early mother–child relationship, as reflected in attachment organization in infancy. Methods: In 89 children, we assessed the polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR, ss/sl vs. ll allele status), security of attachment to mothers at 15 months in the Strange Situation, and children's ability for self-regulation at 25, 38, and 52 months, using behavioral batteries of tasks that called for deliberately suppressing a dominant response and performing instead a sub-dominant response. Results: There was a robust G × E interaction between genetic risk and the quality of early relationship. Among children who carried a short 5-HTTLPR allele (ss/sl ), those who were insecurely attached developed poor regulatory capacities, but those who were securely attached developed as good regulatory capacities as children who were homozygotic for the long allele (ll ). There was no effect of security for ll homozygotes. Conclusions: Those findings, consistent with diathesis-stress model, bridge research on self-regulation in typically developing children with research on non-human primates and research on psychopathology. They also indicate that a secure attachment relationship can serve as a protective factor in the presence of risk conferred by a genotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02050.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=848 [article] Interplay of genes and early mother–child relationship in the development of self-regulation from toddler to preschool age [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Robert A. PHILIBERT, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1331-1338. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-11 (November 2009) . - p.1331-1338 Mots-clés : Attachment emotion-regulation genetics G×E-interactions effortful-control 5-HTTLPR-polymorphism parent–child-relationships Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: A broad capacity for deliberate self-regulation plays a key role in emotion regulation. This longitudinal investigation from infancy to preschool age examines genotype by environment (G × E) interaction in the development of self-regulation, using molecular measures of children's genotypes and observed measures of the quality of early mother–child relationship, as reflected in attachment organization in infancy. Methods: In 89 children, we assessed the polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR, ss/sl vs. ll allele status), security of attachment to mothers at 15 months in the Strange Situation, and children's ability for self-regulation at 25, 38, and 52 months, using behavioral batteries of tasks that called for deliberately suppressing a dominant response and performing instead a sub-dominant response. Results: There was a robust G × E interaction between genetic risk and the quality of early relationship. Among children who carried a short 5-HTTLPR allele (ss/sl ), those who were insecurely attached developed poor regulatory capacities, but those who were securely attached developed as good regulatory capacities as children who were homozygotic for the long allele (ll ). There was no effect of security for ll homozygotes. Conclusions: Those findings, consistent with diathesis-stress model, bridge research on self-regulation in typically developing children with research on non-human primates and research on psychopathology. They also indicate that a secure attachment relationship can serve as a protective factor in the presence of risk conferred by a genotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02050.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=848

Positive socialization mechanisms in secure and insecure parent–child dyads: two longitudinal studies / Grazyna KOCHANSKA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-9 (September 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-9 (September 2010) . - p.998-1009 Titre : Positive socialization mechanisms in secure and insecure parent–child dyads: two longitudinal studies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Jarilyn WOODARD, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur ; Jamie L. KOENIG, Auteur ; Jeung Eun YOON, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.998-1009 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attachment disruptive-behavior longitudinal-studies parent–child-relationships moral-development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Implications of early attachment have been extensively studied, but little is known about its long-term indirect sequelae, where early security organization moderates future parent–child relationships, serving as a catalyst for adaptive and maladaptive processes. Two longitudinal multi-trait multi-method studies examined whether early security amplified beneficial effects of children’s willing, receptive stance toward the parent on socialization outcomes. Methods:  We examined parent–child early attachment organization, assessed in the Strange Situation at 14–15 months, as moderating links between children’s willing stance toward parents and socialization outcomes in Study 1 (108 mothers and children, followed to 73 months) and Study 2 (101 mothers, fathers, and children, followed to 80 months). Children’s willing stance was observed as committed compliance at 14 and 22 months in Study 1, and as responsiveness to the parent in naturalistic interactions and teaching contexts at 25 and 67 months in Study 2. Socialization outcomes included children’s internalization of maternal prohibition, observed at 33, 45, and 56 months, and maternal ratings of children’s externalizing problems at 73 months in Study 1, and mothers’ and fathers’ ratings of children’s oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder symptoms at 80 months in Study 2. Results:  Indirect effects of attachment were replicated across both studies and diverse measures: Attachment security significantly amplified the links between children’s willing stance to mothers and all outcomes. Secure children’s willing, cooperative stance to mothers predicted future successful socialization outcomes. Insecure children’s willing stance conferred no beneficial effects. Conclusions:  Implications of early attachment extend to long-term, indirect developmental sequelae. Security in the first year serves as a catalyst for future positive socialization processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02238.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=108 [article] Positive socialization mechanisms in secure and insecure parent–child dyads: two longitudinal studies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Robin A. BARRY, Auteur ; Jarilyn WOODARD, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur ; Jamie L. KOENIG, Auteur ; Jeung Eun YOON, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.998-1009. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-9 (September 2010) . - p.998-1009 Mots-clés : Attachment disruptive-behavior longitudinal-studies parent–child-relationships moral-development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Implications of early attachment have been extensively studied, but little is known about its long-term indirect sequelae, where early security organization moderates future parent–child relationships, serving as a catalyst for adaptive and maladaptive processes. Two longitudinal multi-trait multi-method studies examined whether early security amplified beneficial effects of children’s willing, receptive stance toward the parent on socialization outcomes. Methods:  We examined parent–child early attachment organization, assessed in the Strange Situation at 14–15 months, as moderating links between children’s willing stance toward parents and socialization outcomes in Study 1 (108 mothers and children, followed to 73 months) and Study 2 (101 mothers, fathers, and children, followed to 80 months). Children’s willing stance was observed as committed compliance at 14 and 22 months in Study 1, and as responsiveness to the parent in naturalistic interactions and teaching contexts at 25 and 67 months in Study 2. Socialization outcomes included children’s internalization of maternal prohibition, observed at 33, 45, and 56 months, and maternal ratings of children’s externalizing problems at 73 months in Study 1, and mothers’ and fathers’ ratings of children’s oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder symptoms at 80 months in Study 2. Results:  Indirect effects of attachment were replicated across both studies and diverse measures: Attachment security significantly amplified the links between children’s willing stance to mothers and all outcomes. Secure children’s willing, cooperative stance to mothers predicted future successful socialization outcomes. Insecure children’s willing stance conferred no beneficial effects. Conclusions:  Implications of early attachment extend to long-term, indirect developmental sequelae. Security in the first year serves as a catalyst for future positive socialization processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02238.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=108

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