Brief Report: Atypical Social Cognition and Social Behaviours in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Different Way of Processing Rather than an Impairment / Kate O’CONNOR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-10 (November 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-10 (November 2008) . - p.1989-1997 Titre : Brief Report: Atypical Social Cognition and Social Behaviours in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Different Way of Processing Rather than an Impairment Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kate O’CONNOR, Auteur ; Ian KIRK, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1989-1997 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Asperger’s-syndrome Low-level-perceptual-processing Central-coherence Social-cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A central question to autism research is whether autism is largely the result of an impairment in social cognition and/or motivation or the result of a more general processing difference. This review discusses problems with the “social deficit” model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is suggested that superior attention to low-level perceptual information potentially coupled with decreased attention to global information may provide a more comprehensive explanation for atypical social behaviours in ASD. This processing style may reflect increased activation of occipital-temporal regions and reduced functional (and possibly anatomical) connectivity. It is concluded that atypical social behaviours in ASD are more likely to be a consequence reflective of a general processing difference than impairment in social cognition and/or motivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0559-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=642 [article] Brief Report: Atypical Social Cognition and Social Behaviours in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Different Way of Processing Rather than an Impairment [texte imprimé] / Kate O’CONNOR, Auteur ; Ian KIRK, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1989-1997. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-10 (November 2008) . - p.1989-1997 Mots-clés : Autism Asperger’s-syndrome Low-level-perceptual-processing Central-coherence Social-cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A central question to autism research is whether autism is largely the result of an impairment in social cognition and/or motivation or the result of a more general processing difference. This review discusses problems with the “social deficit” model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is suggested that superior attention to low-level perceptual information potentially coupled with decreased attention to global information may provide a more comprehensive explanation for atypical social behaviours in ASD. This processing style may reflect increased activation of occipital-temporal regions and reduced functional (and possibly anatomical) connectivity. It is concluded that atypical social behaviours in ASD are more likely to be a consequence reflective of a general processing difference than impairment in social cognition and/or motivation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0559-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=642

Decreased interhemispheric time transfer of visual information in adults with Autistic spectrum disorder using the Poffenberger paradigm / Veema LODHIA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 43-44 (November 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 43-44 (November 2017) . - p.76-86 Titre : Decreased interhemispheric time transfer of visual information in adults with Autistic spectrum disorder using the Poffenberger paradigm Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Veema LODHIA, Auteur ; Curie J. SUK, Auteur ; Vanessa LIM, Auteur ; Jeff P. HAMM, Auteur ; Ian KIRK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.76-86 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic spectrum disorders  Corpus callosum  Interhemispheric time transfer  Event-related potentials  Poffenberger  Electroencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The Poffenberger task is a useful paradigm that measures the interhemispheric transfer time (IHTT) across the corpus callosum. Past research has demonstrated that the right to left transfer is faster in typically developing individuals compared to a left to right transfer. Numerous studies have found that the corpus callosum is structurally smaller and atypical in individuals with Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) but whether this is associated with changes in interhemispheric time transfer in adult individuals with ASD is relatively unknown. Method The current study used a Poffenberger paradigm in combination with electroencephalography (EEG) to measure IHTT between individuals with ASD and typically developing controls. The IHTT in each direction was estimated by comparing the latencies of P100 and N170 components in hemispheres contralateral and ipsilateral to lateralised visual stimulation. Results Both groups demonstrated faster right to left transfer of information compared to the left to right transmission. Individuals with ASD exhibited faster IHTT latencies overall for the P100 and N170 components compared to matched typically developing controls. More importantly, these results demonstrate that the ASD group exhibited faster transfer in both directions compared to matched typically developing controls. Conclusion These findings suggest hyper-connectivity of local networks in parietal and occipital regions of the corpus callosum in ASD and may have implications in how information is integrated between hemispheres in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Decreased interhemispheric time transfer of visual information in adults with Autistic spectrum disorder using the Poffenberger paradigm [texte imprimé] / Veema LODHIA, Auteur ; Curie J. SUK, Auteur ; Vanessa LIM, Auteur ; Jeff P. HAMM, Auteur ; Ian KIRK, Auteur . - p.76-86. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 43-44 (November 2017) . - p.76-86 Mots-clés : Autistic spectrum disorders  Corpus callosum  Interhemispheric time transfer  Event-related potentials  Poffenberger  Electroencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground The Poffenberger task is a useful paradigm that measures the interhemispheric transfer time (IHTT) across the corpus callosum. Past research has demonstrated that the right to left transfer is faster in typically developing individuals compared to a left to right transfer. Numerous studies have found that the corpus callosum is structurally smaller and atypical in individuals with Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) but whether this is associated with changes in interhemispheric time transfer in adult individuals with ASD is relatively unknown. Method The current study used a Poffenberger paradigm in combination with electroencephalography (EEG) to measure IHTT between individuals with ASD and typically developing controls. The IHTT in each direction was estimated by comparing the latencies of P100 and N170 components in hemispheres contralateral and ipsilateral to lateralised visual stimulation. Results Both groups demonstrated faster right to left transfer of information compared to the left to right transmission. Individuals with ASD exhibited faster IHTT latencies overall for the P100 and N170 components compared to matched typically developing controls. More importantly, these results demonstrate that the ASD group exhibited faster transfer in both directions compared to matched typically developing controls. Conclusion These findings suggest hyper-connectivity of local networks in parietal and occipital regions of the corpus callosum in ASD and may have implications in how information is integrated between hemispheres in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.09.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

Evidence of hyper-plasticity in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / J.F. WILSON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 43-44 (November 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 43-44 (November 2017) . - p.40-52 Titre : Evidence of hyper-plasticity in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J.F. WILSON, Auteur ; V. LODHIA, Auteur ; D.P. COURTNEY, Auteur ; Ian KIRK, Auteur ; J.P. HAMM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.40-52 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Long-term potentiation  Autism spectrum disorder  Plasticity  Visual evoked potentials  EEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of synaptic plasticity involved in learning and memory. Abnormal levels of LTP have been suggested to contribute to symptoms in a number of disorders, and here we examined the extent to which LTP may be affected in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). While animal models of ASD have suggested LTP may be atypical, the results have been inconsistent in terms of the direction of abnormality. Method In the present study a paradigm for non-invasively eliciting LTP in humans was utilized to test a group of adults with ASD and matched controls. This paradigm uses high-frequency visual stimulation as the LTP-inducing stimulus, and the effect of LTP is reflected by an increase in amplitude of the visually-elicited N1b component of the visual evoked potential (VEP). Result Main effects for Hemisphere and Tetanus were found. While Group interactions were not found, a Group by Tetanus interaction was approaching significance and was determined to be weak evidence against the null ((pH0|D = 0.44) therefore, LTP effects were explored within groups for the N1 component. It was found that the ASD group had a greater N1 amplitude compared to controls. Conclusion Our results showed that the ASD group had greater N1 amplitude post-tetanus over the right hemisphere compared to controls and demonstrate elevated LTP. These results support the notion of enhanced perceptual functioning, as elevated LTP may be related to superior visual processing due to overspecialised neural networks in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.09.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327 [article] Evidence of hyper-plasticity in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / J.F. WILSON, Auteur ; V. LODHIA, Auteur ; D.P. COURTNEY, Auteur ; Ian KIRK, Auteur ; J.P. HAMM, Auteur . - p.40-52. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 43-44 (November 2017) . - p.40-52 Mots-clés : Long-term potentiation  Autism spectrum disorder  Plasticity  Visual evoked potentials  EEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : AbstractBackground Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a form of synaptic plasticity involved in learning and memory. Abnormal levels of LTP have been suggested to contribute to symptoms in a number of disorders, and here we examined the extent to which LTP may be affected in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). While animal models of ASD have suggested LTP may be atypical, the results have been inconsistent in terms of the direction of abnormality. Method In the present study a paradigm for non-invasively eliciting LTP in humans was utilized to test a group of adults with ASD and matched controls. This paradigm uses high-frequency visual stimulation as the LTP-inducing stimulus, and the effect of LTP is reflected by an increase in amplitude of the visually-elicited N1b component of the visual evoked potential (VEP). Result Main effects for Hemisphere and Tetanus were found. While Group interactions were not found, a Group by Tetanus interaction was approaching significance and was determined to be weak evidence against the null ((pH0|D = 0.44) therefore, LTP effects were explored within groups for the N1 component. It was found that the ASD group had a greater N1 amplitude compared to controls. Conclusion Our results showed that the ASD group had greater N1 amplitude post-tetanus over the right hemisphere compared to controls and demonstrate elevated LTP. These results support the notion of enhanced perceptual functioning, as elevated LTP may be related to superior visual processing due to overspecialised neural networks in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.09.005 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=327

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