Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome / Gráinne M. MCALONAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-12 (December 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1287-1295 Titre : Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Naikei WONG, Auteur ; Vinci CHEUNG, Auteur ; Nina LIENENKAEMPER, Auteur ; Charlton CHEUNG, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1287-1295 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger's-disorder autistic-disorder brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism exists across a wide spectrum and there is considerable debate as to whether children with Asperger's syndrome, who have normal language milestones, should be considered to comprise a subgroup distinct other from high-functioning children with autism (HFA), who have a history of delayed language development. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of autism are in disagreement. One possible reason is that the diagnosis of autism takes precedence over Asperger's syndrome and a distinction in language acquisition is rarely made. We therefore planned to examine a whole brain hypothesis that the patterns of grey matter differences in Asperger's syndrome and HFA can be distinguished. Methods: We used voxel-based computational morphometry to map grey matter volume differences in 33 children with either Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism compared to 55 typical developing control children balanced for age, IQ, gender, maternal language and ethnicity. Results: Children with HFA had significantly smaller grey matter volumes in subcortical, posterior cingulate and precuneus regions than the Asperger's group. Compared to controls, children with HFA had smaller grey matter volumes in predominantly fronto-pallidal regions, while children with Asperger's had less grey matter in mainly bilateral caudate and left thalamus. In addition we found a significant negative correlation between the size of a grey matter cluster around BA44 language area and the age of acquisition of phrase speech in the children with HFA. When the groups were combined we confirmed a mixed picture of smaller grey matter volumes in frontal, basal ganglia, temporal and parietal regions. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the underlying neurobiology in HFA and Asperger's syndrome is at least partly discrete. Future studies should therefore consider the history of language acquisition as a valuable tool to refine investigation of aetiological factors and management options in pervasive developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01933.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=644 [article] Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Naikei WONG, Auteur ; Vinci CHEUNG, Auteur ; Nina LIENENKAEMPER, Auteur ; Charlton CHEUNG, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1287-1295. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1287-1295 Mots-clés : Asperger's-disorder autistic-disorder brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism exists across a wide spectrum and there is considerable debate as to whether children with Asperger's syndrome, who have normal language milestones, should be considered to comprise a subgroup distinct other from high-functioning children with autism (HFA), who have a history of delayed language development. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of autism are in disagreement. One possible reason is that the diagnosis of autism takes precedence over Asperger's syndrome and a distinction in language acquisition is rarely made. We therefore planned to examine a whole brain hypothesis that the patterns of grey matter differences in Asperger's syndrome and HFA can be distinguished. Methods: We used voxel-based computational morphometry to map grey matter volume differences in 33 children with either Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism compared to 55 typical developing control children balanced for age, IQ, gender, maternal language and ethnicity. Results: Children with HFA had significantly smaller grey matter volumes in subcortical, posterior cingulate and precuneus regions than the Asperger's group. Compared to controls, children with HFA had smaller grey matter volumes in predominantly fronto-pallidal regions, while children with Asperger's had less grey matter in mainly bilateral caudate and left thalamus. In addition we found a significant negative correlation between the size of a grey matter cluster around BA44 language area and the age of acquisition of phrase speech in the children with HFA. When the groups were combined we confirmed a mixed picture of smaller grey matter volumes in frontal, basal ganglia, temporal and parietal regions. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the underlying neurobiology in HFA and Asperger's syndrome is at least partly discrete. Future studies should therefore consider the history of language acquisition as a valuable tool to refine investigation of aetiological factors and management options in pervasive developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01933.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=644

White matter fractional anisotrophy differences and correlates of diagnostic symptoms in autism / C. CHEUNG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-9 (September 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-9 (September 2009) . - p.1102-1112 Titre : White matter fractional anisotrophy differences and correlates of diagnostic symptoms in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. CHEUNG, Auteur ; T.P. HO, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur ; V. CHEUNG, Auteur ; P.L. KHONG, Auteur ; K.S. TAI, Auteur ; T.K.W. WONG, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1102-1112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Magnetic-resonance-imaging diffusion-tensor morphometry brain children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Individuals with autism have impairments in 3 domains: communication, social interaction and repetitive behaviours. Our previous work suggested early structural and connectivity abnormalities in prefrontal-striato-temporal-cerebellar networks but it is not clear how these are linked to diagnostic indices. Method: Children with autism (IQ > 70) aged 6 to 14 years old and matched typically developing controls were studied using diffusion tensor imaging. Voxel-based methods were used to compare fractional anisotrophy (FA) measures in each group and to correlate FA measures in the autism group with the diagnostic phenotype described by the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) algorithm for ICD-10. Results: After controlling for the effects of age and white matter volume, we found that FA in the autism group was significantly lower than controls in bilateral prefrontal and temporal regions, especially in the right ventral temporal lobe adjacent to the fusiform gyrus. FA was greater in autism in the right inferior frontal gyrus and left occipital lobe. We observed a tight correlation between lower FA and higher ADI-R diagnostic algorithm scores across white matter tracts extending from these focal regions of group difference. Communication and social reciprocity impairments correlated with lower FA throughout fronto-striato-temporal pathways. Repetitive behaviours correlated with white matter indices in more posterior brain pathways, including splenium of the corpus callosum and cerebellum. Conclusions: Our data support the position that diagnostic symptoms of autism are associated with a core disruption of white matter development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02086.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=828 [article] White matter fractional anisotrophy differences and correlates of diagnostic symptoms in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. CHEUNG, Auteur ; T.P. HO, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur ; V. CHEUNG, Auteur ; P.L. KHONG, Auteur ; K.S. TAI, Auteur ; T.K.W. WONG, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1102-1112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 50-9 (September 2009) . - p.1102-1112 Mots-clés : Magnetic-resonance-imaging diffusion-tensor morphometry brain children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Individuals with autism have impairments in 3 domains: communication, social interaction and repetitive behaviours. Our previous work suggested early structural and connectivity abnormalities in prefrontal-striato-temporal-cerebellar networks but it is not clear how these are linked to diagnostic indices. Method: Children with autism (IQ > 70) aged 6 to 14 years old and matched typically developing controls were studied using diffusion tensor imaging. Voxel-based methods were used to compare fractional anisotrophy (FA) measures in each group and to correlate FA measures in the autism group with the diagnostic phenotype described by the Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) algorithm for ICD-10. Results: After controlling for the effects of age and white matter volume, we found that FA in the autism group was significantly lower than controls in bilateral prefrontal and temporal regions, especially in the right ventral temporal lobe adjacent to the fusiform gyrus. FA was greater in autism in the right inferior frontal gyrus and left occipital lobe. We observed a tight correlation between lower FA and higher ADI-R diagnostic algorithm scores across white matter tracts extending from these focal regions of group difference. Communication and social reciprocity impairments correlated with lower FA throughout fronto-striato-temporal pathways. Repetitive behaviours correlated with white matter indices in more posterior brain pathways, including splenium of the corpus callosum and cerebellum. Conclusions: Our data support the position that diagnostic symptoms of autism are associated with a core disruption of white matter development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02086.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=828

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