Adults with autism spectrum disorder and the criminal justice system: An investigation of prevalence of contact with the criminal justice system, risk factors and sex differences in a specialist assessment service / Charlotte E. BLACKMORE in Autism, 26-8 (November 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-8 (November 2022) . - p.2098-2107 Titre : Adults with autism spectrum disorder and the criminal justice system: An investigation of prevalence of contact with the criminal justice system, risk factors and sex differences in a specialist assessment service Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Charlotte E. BLACKMORE, Auteur ; Emma L. WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Alexandra NOLAN, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene M. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Susannah WHITWELL, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Rob WICHERS, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Ged ROBERTS, Auteur ; Declan GM MURPHY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2098-2107 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Humans  Male  Female  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Criminal Law  Prevalence  Sex Characteristics  Risk Factors  autism spectrum disorders  crime  criminal justice system  offending  risk factors  research, authorship and/or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There has been growing interest in offending and contact with the criminal justice system (CJS) by people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is not clear whether people with ASD offend more than those without ASD. Studies have started to look at whether there are particular offences people with ASD are more likely to commit and whether there are any factors that can affect whether someone comes into contact with the CJS as a potential suspect. This study looked at the patients who attended an ASD diagnostic service over a 17-year period to see the rate of contact with the CJS of those who were diagnosed with ASD and whether there were any particular factors that might increase the risk of CJS contact. Nearly a quarter of the ASD group had some contact with the CJS as a potential suspect. Factors that seemed to increase whether someone with ASD was more likely to have contact with the CJS were being male, being diagnosed with ADHD, and being diagnosed with psychosis. This study is one of the largest studies to investigate the rate of CJS contact as a potential suspect in a sample of adults with ASD in an attempt to give a clearer picture of what might influence someone with ASD to engage in offending behaviour in order to try to see what mental health services can offer to reduce the likelihood of someone with ASD coming into contact with the CJS, for example, treatment for another condition or support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221081343 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488 [article] Adults with autism spectrum disorder and the criminal justice system: An investigation of prevalence of contact with the criminal justice system, risk factors and sex differences in a specialist assessment service [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Charlotte E. BLACKMORE, Auteur ; Emma L. WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Karen L. ASHWOOD, Auteur ; Vladimira STOENCHEVA, Auteur ; Alexandra NOLAN, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; Dene M. ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Susannah WHITWELL, Auteur ; Quinton DEELEY, Auteur ; Michael C. CRAIG, Auteur ; Janneke ZINKSTOK, Auteur ; Rob WICHERS, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Ged ROBERTS, Auteur ; Declan GM MURPHY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur . - p.2098-2107. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-8 (November 2022) . - p.2098-2107 Mots-clés : Adult  Humans  Male  Female  Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology  Criminal Law  Prevalence  Sex Characteristics  Risk Factors  autism spectrum disorders  crime  criminal justice system  offending  risk factors  research, authorship and/or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There has been growing interest in offending and contact with the criminal justice system (CJS) by people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is not clear whether people with ASD offend more than those without ASD. Studies have started to look at whether there are particular offences people with ASD are more likely to commit and whether there are any factors that can affect whether someone comes into contact with the CJS as a potential suspect. This study looked at the patients who attended an ASD diagnostic service over a 17-year period to see the rate of contact with the CJS of those who were diagnosed with ASD and whether there were any particular factors that might increase the risk of CJS contact. Nearly a quarter of the ASD group had some contact with the CJS as a potential suspect. Factors that seemed to increase whether someone with ASD was more likely to have contact with the CJS were being male, being diagnosed with ADHD, and being diagnosed with psychosis. This study is one of the largest studies to investigate the rate of CJS contact as a potential suspect in a sample of adults with ASD in an attempt to give a clearer picture of what might influence someone with ASD to engage in offending behaviour in order to try to see what mental health services can offer to reduce the likelihood of someone with ASD coming into contact with the CJS, for example, treatment for another condition or support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613221081343 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=488

Cortical and subcortical glutathione levels in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Alice M. S. DURIEUX in Autism Research, 9-4 (April 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 9-4 (April 2016) . - p.429-435 Titre : Cortical and subcortical glutathione levels in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alice M. S. DURIEUX, Auteur ; Jamie HORDER, Auteur ; M. Andreina MENDEZ, Auteur ; Alice EGERTON, Auteur ; Steven C. R. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Dene ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Gareth J. BARKER, Auteur ; Declan G. MURPHY, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.429-435 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  magnetic resonance spectroscopy  glutathione  oxidative stress  redox Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increased oxidative stress has been postulated to contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, reports of alterations in oxidation markers including glutathione (GSH), the major endogenous antioxidant, are indirect, coming from blood plasma level measurements and postmortem studies. Therefore we used in-vivo 3 Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ([1H]MRS) to directly measure GSH concentrations in the basal ganglia (BG) and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of 21 normally intelligent adult males with ASD and 29 controls who did not differ in age or IQ. There was no difference in brain GSH between patients and controls in either brain area; neither did GSH levels correlate with measures of clinical severity in patients. Thus [1H]MRS measures of cortical and subcortical GSH are not a biomarker for ASD in intellectually able adult men. Autism Res 2016, 9: 429–435. © 2015 The Authors Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Autism Research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=287 [article] Cortical and subcortical glutathione levels in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alice M. S. DURIEUX, Auteur ; Jamie HORDER, Auteur ; M. Andreina MENDEZ, Auteur ; Alice EGERTON, Auteur ; Steven C. R. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Dene ROBERTSON, Auteur ; Gareth J. BARKER, Auteur ; Declan G. MURPHY, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur . - p.429-435. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 9-4 (April 2016) . - p.429-435 Mots-clés : autism  magnetic resonance spectroscopy  glutathione  oxidative stress  redox Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Increased oxidative stress has been postulated to contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, reports of alterations in oxidation markers including glutathione (GSH), the major endogenous antioxidant, are indirect, coming from blood plasma level measurements and postmortem studies. Therefore we used in-vivo 3 Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ([1H]MRS) to directly measure GSH concentrations in the basal ganglia (BG) and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of 21 normally intelligent adult males with ASD and 29 controls who did not differ in age or IQ. There was no difference in brain GSH between patients and controls in either brain area; neither did GSH levels correlate with measures of clinical severity in patients. Thus [1H]MRS measures of cortical and subcortical GSH are not a biomarker for ASD in intellectually able adult men. Autism Res 2016, 9: 429–435. © 2015 The Authors Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Autism Research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1522 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=287

Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome / Gráinne M. MCALONAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-12 (December 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1287-1295 Titre : Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Naikei WONG, Auteur ; Vinci CHEUNG, Auteur ; Nina LIENENKAEMPER, Auteur ; Charlton CHEUNG, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.1287-1295 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger's-disorder autistic-disorder brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism exists across a wide spectrum and there is considerable debate as to whether children with Asperger's syndrome, who have normal language milestones, should be considered to comprise a subgroup distinct other from high-functioning children with autism (HFA), who have a history of delayed language development. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of autism are in disagreement. One possible reason is that the diagnosis of autism takes precedence over Asperger's syndrome and a distinction in language acquisition is rarely made. We therefore planned to examine a whole brain hypothesis that the patterns of grey matter differences in Asperger's syndrome and HFA can be distinguished. Methods: We used voxel-based computational morphometry to map grey matter volume differences in 33 children with either Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism compared to 55 typical developing control children balanced for age, IQ, gender, maternal language and ethnicity. Results: Children with HFA had significantly smaller grey matter volumes in subcortical, posterior cingulate and precuneus regions than the Asperger's group. Compared to controls, children with HFA had smaller grey matter volumes in predominantly fronto-pallidal regions, while children with Asperger's had less grey matter in mainly bilateral caudate and left thalamus. In addition we found a significant negative correlation between the size of a grey matter cluster around BA44 language area and the age of acquisition of phrase speech in the children with HFA. When the groups were combined we confirmed a mixed picture of smaller grey matter volumes in frontal, basal ganglia, temporal and parietal regions. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the underlying neurobiology in HFA and Asperger's syndrome is at least partly discrete. Future studies should therefore consider the history of language acquisition as a valuable tool to refine investigation of aetiological factors and management options in pervasive developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01933.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=644 [article] Distinct patterns of grey matter abnormality in high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur ; John SUCKLING, Auteur ; Naikei WONG, Auteur ; Vinci CHEUNG, Auteur ; Nina LIENENKAEMPER, Auteur ; Charlton CHEUNG, Auteur ; Siew E. CHUA, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.1287-1295. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-12 (December 2008) . - p.1287-1295 Mots-clés : Asperger's-disorder autistic-disorder brain-imaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Autism exists across a wide spectrum and there is considerable debate as to whether children with Asperger's syndrome, who have normal language milestones, should be considered to comprise a subgroup distinct other from high-functioning children with autism (HFA), who have a history of delayed language development. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of autism are in disagreement. One possible reason is that the diagnosis of autism takes precedence over Asperger's syndrome and a distinction in language acquisition is rarely made. We therefore planned to examine a whole brain hypothesis that the patterns of grey matter differences in Asperger's syndrome and HFA can be distinguished. Methods: We used voxel-based computational morphometry to map grey matter volume differences in 33 children with either Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism compared to 55 typical developing control children balanced for age, IQ, gender, maternal language and ethnicity. Results: Children with HFA had significantly smaller grey matter volumes in subcortical, posterior cingulate and precuneus regions than the Asperger's group. Compared to controls, children with HFA had smaller grey matter volumes in predominantly fronto-pallidal regions, while children with Asperger's had less grey matter in mainly bilateral caudate and left thalamus. In addition we found a significant negative correlation between the size of a grey matter cluster around BA44 language area and the age of acquisition of phrase speech in the children with HFA. When the groups were combined we confirmed a mixed picture of smaller grey matter volumes in frontal, basal ganglia, temporal and parietal regions. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the underlying neurobiology in HFA and Asperger's syndrome is at least partly discrete. Future studies should therefore consider the history of language acquisition as a valuable tool to refine investigation of aetiological factors and management options in pervasive developmental disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01933.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=644

Editorial Perspective: Bridging the translational neuroscience gap in autism - development of the 'shiftability' paradigm / Eileen DALY ; Nicolaas A. PUTS ; Ekaterina MALIEVSKAIA ; Declan G.M. MURPHY ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-6 (June 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-6 (June 2024) . - p.862-865 Titre : Editorial Perspective: Bridging the translational neuroscience gap in autism - development of the 'shiftability' paradigm Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Nicolaas A. PUTS, Auteur ; Ekaterina MALIEVSKAIA, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2024 Article en page(s) : p.862-865 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical trials of pharmacological candidates targeting the core features of autism have largely failed. This is despite evidence linking differences in multiple neurochemical systems to brain function in autism. While this has in part been explained by the heterogeneity of the autistic population, the field has largely relied upon association studies to link brain chemistry to function. The only way to directly establish that a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator is involved in a candidate brain function is to change it and observe a shift in that function. This experimental approach dominates preclinical neuroscience, but not human studies. There is little direct experimental evidence describing how neurochemical systems modulate information processing in the living human brain. Thus, our understanding of how neurochemical differences contribute to neurodiversity is limited, impeding our ability to translate findings from animal studies into humans. Here, we introduce our 'shiftability' paradigm, an approach to bridge the translational gap in autism research. We provide an overview of the guiding principles and methodologies we use to directly test the hypothesis that neurochemical systems function differently in autistic and non-autistic individuals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13940 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529 [article] Editorial Perspective: Bridging the translational neuroscience gap in autism - development of the 'shiftability' paradigm [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Nicolaas A. PUTS, Auteur ; Ekaterina MALIEVSKAIA, Auteur ; Declan G.M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur . - 2024 . - p.862-865. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-6 (June 2024) . - p.862-865 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Clinical trials of pharmacological candidates targeting the core features of autism have largely failed. This is despite evidence linking differences in multiple neurochemical systems to brain function in autism. While this has in part been explained by the heterogeneity of the autistic population, the field has largely relied upon association studies to link brain chemistry to function. The only way to directly establish that a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator is involved in a candidate brain function is to change it and observe a shift in that function. This experimental approach dominates preclinical neuroscience, but not human studies. There is little direct experimental evidence describing how neurochemical systems modulate information processing in the living human brain. Thus, our understanding of how neurochemical differences contribute to neurodiversity is limited, impeding our ability to translate findings from animal studies into humans. Here, we introduce our 'shiftability' paradigm, an approach to bridge the translational gap in autism research. We provide an overview of the guiding principles and methodologies we use to directly test the hypothesis that neurochemical systems function differently in autistic and non-autistic individuals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13940 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=529

Social attribution in children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome: An exploratory study in the Chinese setting / Raymond C. K. CHAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5-4 (October-December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 5-4 (October-December 2011) . - p.1538-1548 Titre : Social attribution in children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome: An exploratory study in the Chinese setting Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Raymond C. K. CHAN, Auteur ; Zhou-yi HU, Auteur ; Jifang CUI, Auteur ; Ya WANG, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.1538-1548 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social attribution  Social cognition  Autistic spectrum disorders  Chinese Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study aimed to examine social attribution in children with high-functioning autism (HFA) and Asperger's syndrome (AS). A sample of 20 boys (9 with HFA and 11 with AS) and 20 age-matched controls were recruited for this study. All participated in two tasks measuring social attribution ability, the conventional Social Attribution Task (SAT) and a modified version with animals rather than shapes (mSAT). They also completed a battery of neuropsychological tests. Compared to typically developing controls, children with autism spectrum disorders were impaired on some measures in both SATs. However, group differences in ‘theory-of-mind’ indices were only significant in the mSAT, with the ASD group performing more poorly than controls. In addition, the scores in person index of both versions of the SAT correlated with executive function in children with HFA/AS. The current study found the mSAT paradigm was especially sensitive to ToM difficulties in young Chinese children with HFA/AS. Social attribution in children with HFA/AS, unlike neurotypical children, was related to executive function ability, suggesting these psychological domains are not distinct in children with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.02.017 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=126 [article] Social attribution in children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome: An exploratory study in the Chinese setting [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Raymond C. K. CHAN, Auteur ; Zhou-yi HU, Auteur ; Jifang CUI, Auteur ; Ya WANG, Auteur ; Gráinne M. MCALONAN, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.1538-1548. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 5-4 (October-December 2011) . - p.1538-1548 Mots-clés : Social attribution  Social cognition  Autistic spectrum disorders  Chinese Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study aimed to examine social attribution in children with high-functioning autism (HFA) and Asperger's syndrome (AS). A sample of 20 boys (9 with HFA and 11 with AS) and 20 age-matched controls were recruited for this study. All participated in two tasks measuring social attribution ability, the conventional Social Attribution Task (SAT) and a modified version with animals rather than shapes (mSAT). They also completed a battery of neuropsychological tests. Compared to typically developing controls, children with autism spectrum disorders were impaired on some measures in both SATs. However, group differences in ‘theory-of-mind’ indices were only significant in the mSAT, with the ASD group performing more poorly than controls. In addition, the scores in person index of both versions of the SAT correlated with executive function in children with HFA/AS. The current study found the mSAT paradigm was especially sensitive to ToM difficulties in young Chinese children with HFA/AS. Social attribution in children with HFA/AS, unlike neurotypical children, was related to executive function ability, suggesting these psychological domains are not distinct in children with autism spectrum disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.02.017 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=126

White matter fractional anisotrophy differences and correlates of diagnostic symptoms in autism / C. CHEUNG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-9 (September 2009)  

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