Multivariate maternal effects across the internalizing–externalizing spectrum in childhood: results from the Norwegian mother, father, and child cohort study / Espen Moen EILERTSEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 67-7 (July 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-7 (July 2026) . - p.1040-1052 Titre : Multivariate maternal effects across the internalizing–externalizing spectrum in childhood: results from the Norwegian mother, father, and child cohort study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Nikolai HAAHJEM EFTEDAL, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; Ziada AYORECH, Auteur ; Joakim Coleman EBELTOFT, Auteur ; Hans Fredrik SUNDE, Auteur ; Anneli Desiré TANDBERG, Auteur ; Fartein Ask TORVIK, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1040-1052 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Internalizing disorder  externalizing disorder  parenting  behavioral genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background From a functionalist perspective, parenting behaviors have adaptive functions and are partly expressions of genetic variation. Maternal genes that have effects on children are often referred to as indirect maternal genetic effects. Indirect genetic effects provide a means for measuring the role of parenting without the need for specifying the relevant parental behaviors. We studied indirect maternal genetic effects to address both the importance and commonality of parenting across the internalizing?externalizing spectrum of behavior problems in childhood. We further addressed how indirect genetic effects impact our understanding of direct genetic effects if not accounted for. Methods Utilizing data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), our analyses involved 42,423 children and their mothers. Both pedigree and genotype data were used to infer genetic relationships. We applied multivariate latent variable models to distinguish indirect maternal genetic effects and direct offspring genetic effects on seven measures of internalizing?externalizing behaviors. Results Our findings indicate significant maternal genetic influences, explaining 7%?18% of the variance across internalizing?externalizing behaviors. A general maternal effect common across behaviors could adequately account for most of the variability. The analyses further indicate that direct child genetic effects appear smaller and more complex when indirect maternal genetic effects are modeled simultaneously. Conclusions By summarizing the effects of parenting with indirect maternal genetic effects, we show a substantial contribution of parents with respect to internalizing?externalizing behaviors in childhood. Although parenting is multifaceted, the effects of parenting are general and can succinctly be described as a single common dimension. Further, our study demonstrates that direct genetic effects appear smaller and more complex when maternal genetic effects are accounted for, highlighting the confounding potential of parental effects in understanding the role of genetic differences in child psychopathology. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70111 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=588 [article] Multivariate maternal effects across the internalizing–externalizing spectrum in childhood: results from the Norwegian mother, father, and child cohort study [texte imprimé] / Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Nikolai HAAHJEM EFTEDAL, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; Ziada AYORECH, Auteur ; Joakim Coleman EBELTOFT, Auteur ; Hans Fredrik SUNDE, Auteur ; Anneli Desiré TANDBERG, Auteur ; Fartein Ask TORVIK, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur . - p.1040-1052. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-7 (July 2026) . - p.1040-1052 Mots-clés : Internalizing disorder  externalizing disorder  parenting  behavioral genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background From a functionalist perspective, parenting behaviors have adaptive functions and are partly expressions of genetic variation. Maternal genes that have effects on children are often referred to as indirect maternal genetic effects. Indirect genetic effects provide a means for measuring the role of parenting without the need for specifying the relevant parental behaviors. We studied indirect maternal genetic effects to address both the importance and commonality of parenting across the internalizing?externalizing spectrum of behavior problems in childhood. We further addressed how indirect genetic effects impact our understanding of direct genetic effects if not accounted for. Methods Utilizing data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), our analyses involved 42,423 children and their mothers. Both pedigree and genotype data were used to infer genetic relationships. We applied multivariate latent variable models to distinguish indirect maternal genetic effects and direct offspring genetic effects on seven measures of internalizing?externalizing behaviors. Results Our findings indicate significant maternal genetic influences, explaining 7%?18% of the variance across internalizing?externalizing behaviors. A general maternal effect common across behaviors could adequately account for most of the variability. The analyses further indicate that direct child genetic effects appear smaller and more complex when indirect maternal genetic effects are modeled simultaneously. Conclusions By summarizing the effects of parenting with indirect maternal genetic effects, we show a substantial contribution of parents with respect to internalizing?externalizing behaviors in childhood. Although parenting is multifaceted, the effects of parenting are general and can succinctly be described as a single common dimension. Further, our study demonstrates that direct genetic effects appear smaller and more complex when maternal genetic effects are accounted for, highlighting the confounding potential of parental effects in understanding the role of genetic differences in child psychopathology. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70111 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=588

Parental income and psychiatric disorders from age 10 to 40: a genetically informative population study / Hans Fredrik SUNDE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 67-1 (January 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-1 (January 2026) . - p.115-126 Titre : Parental income and psychiatric disorders from age 10 to 40: a genetically informative population study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hans Fredrik SUNDE, Auteur ; Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Jonas Minet KINGE, Auteur ; Thomas H. KLEPPESTO, Auteur ; Magnus NORDMO, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Fartein Ask TORVIK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.115-126 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychiatric disorders  socioeconomic status  social selection  social causation  children of twins  registry data Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Lower parental income is associated with more psychiatric disorders among offspring, but it is unclear if this association reflects effects of parental income (social causation) or shared risk factors (social selection). Prior research finds contradictory results, which may be due to age differences between the studied offspring. Methods Here, we studied psychiatric disorders in the entire Norwegian population aged 10 to 40?years between 2006 and 2018 (N?=?2,468,503). By linking tax registries to administrative health registries, we described prevalence rates by age, sex, and parental income rank. Next, we grouped observations into age groups (adolescence, ages 10?20?years; early adulthood, 21?30?years; adulthood, 30?40?years) and applied kinship-based models with extended families of twins and siblings to decompose the parent?offspring correlation into phenotypic transmission, passive genetic transmission, and passive environmental transmission. Results We found that lower parental income rank was associated with higher prevalence of nearly all psychiatric disorders, except for eating disorders, for both men and women at all ages from 10 to 40?years. Comparing the top with the bottom paternal income quartile, the prevalence ratio of any psychiatric disorder was 0.47 among 10-year-olds and decreased to 0.72 among 40-year-olds. The parent?offspring correlation was ?.15 in adolescence, ?.10 in early adulthood, and ?.06 in adulthood. The kinship-based models indicated that phenotypic transmission could account for 39% of the parent?offspring correlation among adolescents (p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70022 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=578 [article] Parental income and psychiatric disorders from age 10 to 40: a genetically informative population study [texte imprimé] / Hans Fredrik SUNDE, Auteur ; Espen Moen EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Jonas Minet KINGE, Auteur ; Thomas H. KLEPPESTO, Auteur ; Magnus NORDMO, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Fartein Ask TORVIK, Auteur . - p.115-126. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-1 (January 2026) . - p.115-126 Mots-clés : Psychiatric disorders  socioeconomic status  social selection  social causation  children of twins  registry data Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Lower parental income is associated with more psychiatric disorders among offspring, but it is unclear if this association reflects effects of parental income (social causation) or shared risk factors (social selection). Prior research finds contradictory results, which may be due to age differences between the studied offspring. Methods Here, we studied psychiatric disorders in the entire Norwegian population aged 10 to 40?years between 2006 and 2018 (N?=?2,468,503). By linking tax registries to administrative health registries, we described prevalence rates by age, sex, and parental income rank. Next, we grouped observations into age groups (adolescence, ages 10?20?years; early adulthood, 21?30?years; adulthood, 30?40?years) and applied kinship-based models with extended families of twins and siblings to decompose the parent?offspring correlation into phenotypic transmission, passive genetic transmission, and passive environmental transmission. Results We found that lower parental income rank was associated with higher prevalence of nearly all psychiatric disorders, except for eating disorders, for both men and women at all ages from 10 to 40?years. Comparing the top with the bottom paternal income quartile, the prevalence ratio of any psychiatric disorder was 0.47 among 10-year-olds and decreased to 0.72 among 40-year-olds. The parent?offspring correlation was ?.15 in adolescence, ?.10 in early adulthood, and ?.06 in adulthood. The kinship-based models indicated that phenotypic transmission could account for 39% of the parent?offspring correlation among adolescents (p? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70022 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=578

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