Psychostimulant treatment uniquely reduces left uncinate fasciculus microstructural integrity in ADHD youth with a familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a 12-week DTI study / Kun QIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 67-5 (May 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-5 (May 2026) . - p.696-706 Titre : Psychostimulant treatment uniquely reduces left uncinate fasciculus microstructural integrity in ADHD youth with a familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a 12-week DTI study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kun QIN, Auteur ; Wen CHEN, Auteur ; Du LEI, Auteur ; Ziyu ZHU, Auteur ; Maxwell J. TALLMAN, Auteur ; Nanfang PAN, Auteur ; Lisha ZHANG, Auteur ; Luis RODRIGO PATINO, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Melissa P. DELBELLO, Auteur ; Robert K. MCNAMARA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.696-706 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  bipolar I disorder  familial risk  stimulants  adolescent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Bipolar I disorder (BD) is associated with reduced white matter microstructural integrity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), a primary fiber tract connecting frontolimbic systems. Although familial history for BD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychostimulants are important risk factors implicated in BD pathoetiology, their impact on UF microstructure remains poorly understood. Methods This diffusion tensor imaging study investigated UF microstructural integrity prior to and following 12?weeks of psychostimulant treatment in ADHD youth with (?high-risk?, HR) and without (?low-risk?, LR) a first-degree relative with BD. Healthy controls were included for comparative purposes. LR youth received 12-week open-label mixed amphetamine salts-extended release (MAS-XR), and HR youth were randomized to either MAS-XR or placebo (PLA). Bilateral UF fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) were assessed using automated fiber quantification. Results A total of 137 participants were included in the analyses. At baseline, there were no significant group differences in bilateral UF microstructural metrics. Following 12-week MAS-XR treatment, significant group-by-time interactions were found for left UF FA and AD between HR-MAS and LR-MAS, as well as for left UF FA between HR-MAS and HR-PLA. Specifically, left UF FA and UF AD decreased significantly in HR-MAS but remained unchanged in LR-MAS and HR-PLA groups. At week 12, left UF FA was lower in HR-MAS relative to HC but not in LR-MAS or HR-PLA. Segment-wise analyses further revealed that UF microstructural changes in the HR-MAS group were localized to the anterior segments. Conclusions These results suggest that HR-ADHD youth are uniquely vulnerable to reductions in left UF microstructural integrity following psychostimulant treatment, suggesting potential relevance to BD pathoprogression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=586 [article] Psychostimulant treatment uniquely reduces left uncinate fasciculus microstructural integrity in ADHD youth with a familial risk for bipolar I disorder: a 12-week DTI study [texte imprimé] / Kun QIN, Auteur ; Wen CHEN, Auteur ; Du LEI, Auteur ; Ziyu ZHU, Auteur ; Maxwell J. TALLMAN, Auteur ; Nanfang PAN, Auteur ; Lisha ZHANG, Auteur ; Luis RODRIGO PATINO, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur ; Melissa P. DELBELLO, Auteur ; Robert K. MCNAMARA, Auteur . - p.696-706. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-5 (May 2026) . - p.696-706 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  bipolar I disorder  familial risk  stimulants  adolescent Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Bipolar I disorder (BD) is associated with reduced white matter microstructural integrity in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), a primary fiber tract connecting frontolimbic systems. Although familial history for BD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and psychostimulants are important risk factors implicated in BD pathoetiology, their impact on UF microstructure remains poorly understood. Methods This diffusion tensor imaging study investigated UF microstructural integrity prior to and following 12?weeks of psychostimulant treatment in ADHD youth with (?high-risk?, HR) and without (?low-risk?, LR) a first-degree relative with BD. Healthy controls were included for comparative purposes. LR youth received 12-week open-label mixed amphetamine salts-extended release (MAS-XR), and HR youth were randomized to either MAS-XR or placebo (PLA). Bilateral UF fractional anisotropy (FA) and axial diffusivity (AD) were assessed using automated fiber quantification. Results A total of 137 participants were included in the analyses. At baseline, there were no significant group differences in bilateral UF microstructural metrics. Following 12-week MAS-XR treatment, significant group-by-time interactions were found for left UF FA and AD between HR-MAS and LR-MAS, as well as for left UF FA between HR-MAS and HR-PLA. Specifically, left UF FA and UF AD decreased significantly in HR-MAS but remained unchanged in LR-MAS and HR-PLA groups. At week 12, left UF FA was lower in HR-MAS relative to HC but not in LR-MAS or HR-PLA. Segment-wise analyses further revealed that UF microstructural changes in the HR-MAS group were localized to the anterior segments. Conclusions These results suggest that HR-ADHD youth are uniquely vulnerable to reductions in left UF microstructural integrity following psychostimulant treatment, suggesting potential relevance to BD pathoprogression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70053 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=586

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