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Auteur R. FACCHINETTI |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (1)
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Neuroglia in the autistic brain: evidence from a preclinical model / M. R. BRONZUOLI in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)
[article]
Titre : Neuroglia in the autistic brain: evidence from a preclinical model Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. R. BRONZUOLI, Auteur ; R. FACCHINETTI, Auteur ; D. INGRASSIA, Auteur ; M. SARVADIO, Auteur ; S. SCHIAVI, Auteur ; L. STEARDO, Auteur ; A. VERKHRATSKY, Auteur ; V. TREZZA, Auteur ; C. SCUDERI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 66 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Animals Autistic Disorder/etiology/*pathology/physiopathology Brain/drug effects/*pathology Female Male Neuroglia/drug effects/*pathology Rats Rats, Wistar Stereotyped Behavior Valproic Acid/pharmacology/toxicity Vocalization, Animal *Astrocyte *Autism spectrum disorder *Microglia *Oligodendrocyte *Valproic acid of the Italian Ministry of Health (D.L. 26/2014) and with the European Parliament directive 2010/63/EU.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Neuroglial cells that provide homeostatic support and form defence of the nervous system contribute to all neurological disorders. We analyzed three major types of neuroglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in the brains of an animal model of autism spectrum disorder, in which rats were exposed prenatally to antiepileptic and mood stabilizer drug valproic acid; this model being of acknowledged clinical relevance. Methods: We tested the autistic-like behaviors of valproic acid-prenatally exposed male rats by performing isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations, the three-chamber test, and the hole board test. To account for human infancy, adolescence, and adulthood, such tasks were performed at postnatal day 13, postnatal day 35, and postnatal day 90, respectively. After sacrifice, we examined gene and protein expression of specific markers of neuroglia in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum, these brain regions being associated with autism spectrum disorder pathogenesis. Results: Infant offspring of VPA-exposed dams emitted less ultrasonic vocalizations when isolated from their mothers and siblings and, in adolescence and adulthood, they showed altered sociability in the three chamber test and increased stereotypic behavior in the hole board test. Molecular analyses indicate that prenatal valproic acid exposure affects all types of neuroglia, mainly causing transcriptional modifications. The most prominent changes occur in prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus of autistic-like animals; these changes are particularly evident during infancy and adolescence, while they appear to be mitigated in adulthood. Conclusions: Neuroglial pathological phenotype in autism spectrum disorder rat model appears to be rather mild with little signs of widespread and chronic neuroinflammation. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0254-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 66 p.[article] Neuroglia in the autistic brain: evidence from a preclinical model [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. R. BRONZUOLI, Auteur ; R. FACCHINETTI, Auteur ; D. INGRASSIA, Auteur ; M. SARVADIO, Auteur ; S. SCHIAVI, Auteur ; L. STEARDO, Auteur ; A. VERKHRATSKY, Auteur ; V. TREZZA, Auteur ; C. SCUDERI, Auteur . - 66 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 66 p.
Mots-clés : Animals Autistic Disorder/etiology/*pathology/physiopathology Brain/drug effects/*pathology Female Male Neuroglia/drug effects/*pathology Rats Rats, Wistar Stereotyped Behavior Valproic Acid/pharmacology/toxicity Vocalization, Animal *Astrocyte *Autism spectrum disorder *Microglia *Oligodendrocyte *Valproic acid of the Italian Ministry of Health (D.L. 26/2014) and with the European Parliament directive 2010/63/EU.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Neuroglial cells that provide homeostatic support and form defence of the nervous system contribute to all neurological disorders. We analyzed three major types of neuroglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in the brains of an animal model of autism spectrum disorder, in which rats were exposed prenatally to antiepileptic and mood stabilizer drug valproic acid; this model being of acknowledged clinical relevance. Methods: We tested the autistic-like behaviors of valproic acid-prenatally exposed male rats by performing isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations, the three-chamber test, and the hole board test. To account for human infancy, adolescence, and adulthood, such tasks were performed at postnatal day 13, postnatal day 35, and postnatal day 90, respectively. After sacrifice, we examined gene and protein expression of specific markers of neuroglia in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum, these brain regions being associated with autism spectrum disorder pathogenesis. Results: Infant offspring of VPA-exposed dams emitted less ultrasonic vocalizations when isolated from their mothers and siblings and, in adolescence and adulthood, they showed altered sociability in the three chamber test and increased stereotypic behavior in the hole board test. Molecular analyses indicate that prenatal valproic acid exposure affects all types of neuroglia, mainly causing transcriptional modifications. The most prominent changes occur in prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus of autistic-like animals; these changes are particularly evident during infancy and adolescence, while they appear to be mitigated in adulthood. Conclusions: Neuroglial pathological phenotype in autism spectrum disorder rat model appears to be rather mild with little signs of widespread and chronic neuroinflammation. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0254-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=389