Dépouillements

Heterogeneity and the design of genetic studies in autism / James S. SUTCLIFFE in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.205-206 Titre : Heterogeneity and the design of genetic studies in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James S. SUTCLIFFE, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.205-206 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.37 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] Heterogeneity and the design of genetic studies in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James S. SUTCLIFFE, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.205-206. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.205-206 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.37 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

The neuroscience of autism education / Anthony J. BAILEY in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.207 Titre : The neuroscience of autism education Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anthony J. BAILEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.207 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.36 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] The neuroscience of autism education [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anthony J. BAILEY, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.207. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.207 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.36 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

Do children with autism spectrum disorders show a shape bias in word learning? / Saime TEK in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.208-222 Titre : Do children with autism spectrum disorders show a shape bias in word learning? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Saime TEK, Auteur ; Gul JAFFERY, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.208-222 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : shape-bias word-learning language development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) acquire a sizeable lexicon. However, these children also seem to understand and/or store the meanings of words differently from typically developing children. One of the mechanisms that helps typically developing children learn novel words is the shape bias, in which the referent of a noun is mapped onto the shape of an object, rather than onto its color, texture, or size. We hypothesized that children with autistic disorder would show reduced or absent shape bias. Using the intermodal preferential looking paradigm , we compared the performance of young children with ASD and typically developing children (TYP), across four time points, in their use of shape bias. Neither group showed a shape bias at Visit 1, when half of the children in both groups produced fewer than 50 count nouns. Only the TYP group showed a shape bias at Visits 2, 3, and 4. According to the growth curve analyses, the rate of increase in the shape bias scores over time was significant for the TYP children. The fact that the TYP group showed a shape bias at 24 months of age, whereas children with ASD did not demonstrate a shape bias despite a sizeable vocabulary, supports a dissociation between vocabulary size and principles governing acquisition in ASD children from early in language development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.38 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] Do children with autism spectrum disorders show a shape bias in word learning? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Saime TEK, Auteur ; Gul JAFFERY, Auteur ; Letitia R. NAIGLES, Auteur ; Deborah A. FEIN, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.208-222. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.208-222 Mots-clés : shape-bias word-learning language development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) acquire a sizeable lexicon. However, these children also seem to understand and/or store the meanings of words differently from typically developing children. One of the mechanisms that helps typically developing children learn novel words is the shape bias, in which the referent of a noun is mapped onto the shape of an object, rather than onto its color, texture, or size. We hypothesized that children with autistic disorder would show reduced or absent shape bias. Using the intermodal preferential looking paradigm , we compared the performance of young children with ASD and typically developing children (TYP), across four time points, in their use of shape bias. Neither group showed a shape bias at Visit 1, when half of the children in both groups produced fewer than 50 count nouns. Only the TYP group showed a shape bias at Visits 2, 3, and 4. According to the growth curve analyses, the rate of increase in the shape bias scores over time was significant for the TYP children. The fact that the TYP group showed a shape bias at 24 months of age, whereas children with ASD did not demonstrate a shape bias despite a sizeable vocabulary, supports a dissociation between vocabulary size and principles governing acquisition in ASD children from early in language development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.38 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

Perceptual metrics of individuals with autism provide evidence for disinhibition / Vinay TANNAN in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.223-230 Titre : Perceptual metrics of individuals with autism provide evidence for disinhibition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vinay TANNAN, Auteur ; Grace T. BARANEK, Auteur ; Jameson K. HOLDEN, Auteur ; Zheng ZHANG, Auteur ; Mark A. TOMMERDAHL, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.223-230 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism inhibition adaptation habituation amplitude discrimination sensory-discrimination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism exhibit inhibitory deficits that are often manifested in behavioral modifications, such as repetitive behaviors, and/or sensory hyper-responsiveness. If such behaviors are the result of a generalized deficiency in inhibitory neurotransmission, then it stands to reason that deficits involving localized cortical-cortical interactions - such as in sensory discrimination tasks - could be detected and quantified. This study exemplifies a newly developed method for quantifying sensory testing metrics. Our novel sensory discrimination tests may provide (a) an effective means for biobehavioral assessment of deficits specific to autism and (b) an efficient and sensitive measure of change following treatment. The sensory discriminative capacity of ten subjects with autism and ten controls was compared both before and after short duration adapting stimuli. Specifically, vibrotactile amplitude discriminative capacity was obtained both in the presence and absence of 1 sec adapting stimuli that were delivered 1 sec prior to the comparison stimuli. Although adaptation had a pronounced effect on the amplitude discriminative capacity of the control subjects, little or no impact was observed on the sensory discriminative capacity of the subjects with autism. This lack of impact of the adapting stimuli on the responses of the subjects with autism was interpreted to be consistent with the reduced GABAergic-mediated inhibition described in previous reports. One significant aspect of this study is that the methods could prove to be a useful and efficient way to detect specific neural deficits and monitor the efficacy of pharmacological or behavioral treatments in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.34 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] Perceptual metrics of individuals with autism provide evidence for disinhibition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vinay TANNAN, Auteur ; Grace T. BARANEK, Auteur ; Jameson K. HOLDEN, Auteur ; Zheng ZHANG, Auteur ; Mark A. TOMMERDAHL, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.223-230. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.223-230 Mots-clés : autism inhibition adaptation habituation amplitude discrimination sensory-discrimination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism exhibit inhibitory deficits that are often manifested in behavioral modifications, such as repetitive behaviors, and/or sensory hyper-responsiveness. If such behaviors are the result of a generalized deficiency in inhibitory neurotransmission, then it stands to reason that deficits involving localized cortical-cortical interactions - such as in sensory discrimination tasks - could be detected and quantified. This study exemplifies a newly developed method for quantifying sensory testing metrics. Our novel sensory discrimination tests may provide (a) an effective means for biobehavioral assessment of deficits specific to autism and (b) an efficient and sensitive measure of change following treatment. The sensory discriminative capacity of ten subjects with autism and ten controls was compared both before and after short duration adapting stimuli. Specifically, vibrotactile amplitude discriminative capacity was obtained both in the presence and absence of 1 sec adapting stimuli that were delivered 1 sec prior to the comparison stimuli. Although adaptation had a pronounced effect on the amplitude discriminative capacity of the control subjects, little or no impact was observed on the sensory discriminative capacity of the subjects with autism. This lack of impact of the adapting stimuli on the responses of the subjects with autism was interpreted to be consistent with the reduced GABAergic-mediated inhibition described in previous reports. One significant aspect of this study is that the methods could prove to be a useful and efficient way to detect specific neural deficits and monitor the efficacy of pharmacological or behavioral treatments in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.34 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

Brain function and gaze fixation during facial-emotion processing in fragile X and autism / Kim M. DALTON in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.231-239 Titre : Brain function and gaze fixation during facial-emotion processing in fragile X and autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kim M. DALTON, Auteur ; Laura HOLSEN, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Richard J. DAVIDSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.231-239 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : fragile-X-syndrome autism face-processing brain-function fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most commonly known genetic disorder associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Overlapping features in these populations include gaze aversion, communication deficits, and social withdrawal. Although the association between FXS and ASD has been well documented at the behavioral level, the underlying neural mechanisms associated with the social/emotional deficits in these groups remain unclear. We collected functional brain images and eye-gaze fixations from 9 individuals with FXS and 14 individuals with idiopathic ASD, as well as 15 typically developing (TD) individuals, while they performed a facial-emotion discrimination task. The FXS group showed a similar yet less aberrant pattern of gaze fixations compared with the ASD group. The FXS group also showed fusiform gyrus (FG) hypoactivation compared with the TD control group. Activation in FG was strongly and positively associated with average eye fixation and negatively associated with ASD characteristics in the FXS group. The FXS group displayed significantly greater activation than both the TD control and ASD groups in the left hippocampus (HIPP), left superior temporal gyrus (STG), right insula (INS), and left postcentral gyrus (PCG). These group differences in brain activation are important as they suggest unique underlying face-processing neural circuitry in FXS versus idiopathic ASD, largely supporting the hypothesis that ASD characteristics in FXS and idiopathic ASD reflect partially divergent impairments at the neural level, at least in FXS individuals without a co-morbid diagnosis of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.32 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] Brain function and gaze fixation during facial-emotion processing in fragile X and autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kim M. DALTON, Auteur ; Laura HOLSEN, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Richard J. DAVIDSON, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.231-239. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.231-239 Mots-clés : fragile-X-syndrome autism face-processing brain-function fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most commonly known genetic disorder associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Overlapping features in these populations include gaze aversion, communication deficits, and social withdrawal. Although the association between FXS and ASD has been well documented at the behavioral level, the underlying neural mechanisms associated with the social/emotional deficits in these groups remain unclear. We collected functional brain images and eye-gaze fixations from 9 individuals with FXS and 14 individuals with idiopathic ASD, as well as 15 typically developing (TD) individuals, while they performed a facial-emotion discrimination task. The FXS group showed a similar yet less aberrant pattern of gaze fixations compared with the ASD group. The FXS group also showed fusiform gyrus (FG) hypoactivation compared with the TD control group. Activation in FG was strongly and positively associated with average eye fixation and negatively associated with ASD characteristics in the FXS group. The FXS group displayed significantly greater activation than both the TD control and ASD groups in the left hippocampus (HIPP), left superior temporal gyrus (STG), right insula (INS), and left postcentral gyrus (PCG). These group differences in brain activation are important as they suggest unique underlying face-processing neural circuitry in FXS versus idiopathic ASD, largely supporting the hypothesis that ASD characteristics in FXS and idiopathic ASD reflect partially divergent impairments at the neural level, at least in FXS individuals without a co-morbid diagnosis of ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.32 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

Feasibility and relevance of examining lymphoblastoid cell lines to study role of microRNAs in autism / Zohreh TALEBIZADEH in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.240-250 Titre : Feasibility and relevance of examining lymphoblastoid cell lines to study role of microRNAs in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Zohreh TALEBIZADEH, Auteur ; Merlin G. BUTLER, Auteur ; Mariana F. THEODORO, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.240-250 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : microRNA autism lymphoblastoid-cell-lines differential-expression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To assess the feasibility and relevance of using lymphoblastoid cell lines to study the role of noncoding RNAs in the etiology of autism, we evaluated global expression profiling of 470 mature human microRNAs from six subjects with autism compared with six matched controls. Differential expression (either higher or lower) for 9 of the 470 microRNAs was observed in our autism samples compared with controls. Potential target genes for these microRNAs were identified using computer tools, which included several autism susceptibility genes. Our preliminary results indicate microRNAs should be considered and evaluated in the etiology of autism. In addition, analysis of this class of noncoding RNAs in lymphoblastoid cells has the potential to reveal at least a subset of brain-related microRNAs implicated in autism. Subsequently, this model system should allow for detection of complex subtle changes in susceptibility genes/pathways contributing to autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.33 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] Feasibility and relevance of examining lymphoblastoid cell lines to study role of microRNAs in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Zohreh TALEBIZADEH, Auteur ; Merlin G. BUTLER, Auteur ; Mariana F. THEODORO, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.240-250. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.240-250 Mots-clés : microRNA autism lymphoblastoid-cell-lines differential-expression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To assess the feasibility and relevance of using lymphoblastoid cell lines to study the role of noncoding RNAs in the etiology of autism, we evaluated global expression profiling of 470 mature human microRNAs from six subjects with autism compared with six matched controls. Differential expression (either higher or lower) for 9 of the 470 microRNAs was observed in our autism samples compared with controls. Potential target genes for these microRNAs were identified using computer tools, which included several autism susceptibility genes. Our preliminary results indicate microRNAs should be considered and evaluated in the etiology of autism. In addition, analysis of this class of noncoding RNAs in lymphoblastoid cells has the potential to reveal at least a subset of brain-related microRNAs implicated in autism. Subsequently, this model system should allow for detection of complex subtle changes in susceptibility genes/pathways contributing to autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.33 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

A large-scale screen for coding variants in SERT/SLC6A4 in autism spectrum disorders / Takeshi SAKURAI in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.251-257 Titre : A large-scale screen for coding variants in SERT/SLC6A4 in autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Takeshi SAKURAI, Auteur ; Jennifer REICHERT, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Ellen J. HOFFMAN, Auteur ; Guiqing CAI, Auteur ; Hywel B. JONES, Auteur ; Malek FAHAM, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.251-257 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : resequencing rare-variants serotonin rigid-compulsive-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the current study we explored the hypothesis that rare variants in SLC6A4 contribute to autism susceptibility and to rigid-compulsive behaviors in autism. We made use of a large number of unrelated cases with autism spectrum disorders (350) and controls (420) and screened for rare exonic variants in SLC6A4 by a high-throughput method followed by sequencing. We observed no difference in the frequency of such variants in the two groups, irrespective of how we defined the rare variants. Furthermore, we did not observe an association of rare coding variants in SLC6A4 with rigid-compulsive traits scores in the cases. These results do not support a significant role for rare coding variants in SLC6A4 in autism spectrum disorders, nor do they support a significant role for SLC6A4 in rigid-compulsive traits in these disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.30 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932 [article] A large-scale screen for coding variants in SERT/SLC6A4 in autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Takeshi SAKURAI, Auteur ; Jennifer REICHERT, Auteur ; Joseph D. BUXBAUM, Auteur ; Ellen J. HOFFMAN, Auteur ; Guiqing CAI, Auteur ; Hywel B. JONES, Auteur ; Malek FAHAM, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.251-257. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.251-257 Mots-clés : resequencing rare-variants serotonin rigid-compulsive-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the current study we explored the hypothesis that rare variants in SLC6A4 contribute to autism susceptibility and to rigid-compulsive behaviors in autism. We made use of a large number of unrelated cases with autism spectrum disorders (350) and controls (420) and screened for rare exonic variants in SLC6A4 by a high-throughput method followed by sequencing. We observed no difference in the frequency of such variants in the two groups, irrespective of how we defined the rare variants. Furthermore, we did not observe an association of rare coding variants in SLC6A4 with rigid-compulsive traits scores in the cases. These results do not support a significant role for rare coding variants in SLC6A4 in autism spectrum disorders, nor do they support a significant role for SLC6A4 in rigid-compulsive traits in these disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.30 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=932

Literature Review / Edwin H. Jr COOK in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.258-260 Titre : Literature Review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.258-260 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.35 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933 [article] Literature Review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edwin H. Jr COOK, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.258-260. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.258-260 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.35 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933

Lay abstracts in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.261-262 Titre : Lay abstracts Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.261-262 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.40 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933 [article] Lay abstracts [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2008 . - p.261-262. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.261-262 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.40 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933

International Society for Autism Research News in Autism Research, 1-4 (August 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.263 Titre : International Society for Autism Research News Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.263 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.39 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933 [article] International Society for Autism Research News [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2008 . - p.263. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 1-4 (August 2008) . - p.263 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.39 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=933