Atypical communication characteristics among clinic-referred youth with and without autism spectrum disorder: Stability and associations with clinical correlates / Erin KANG in Development and Psychopathology, 32-4 (October 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-4 (October 2020) . - p.1240-1253 Titre : Atypical communication characteristics among clinic-referred youth with and without autism spectrum disorder: Stability and associations with clinical correlates Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Erin KANG, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Kenneth D GADOW, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1240-1253 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : atypical communication characteristics (ACC)  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  comorbidity  latent class analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical communication characteristics (ACCs), such as speech delay, odd pitch, and pragmatic difficulties, are common features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as are the symptoms of a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Using a simple retrospective method, this study aimed to better understand the relation and stability of ACCs with a broad range of psychiatric symptoms among large, well-characterized samples of clinic-referred children and adolescents with and without ASD. Youth with ASD had higher rates and a more variable pattern of developmental change in ACCs than the non-ASD diagnostic group. Latent class analysis yielded three ACC stability subgroups within ASD: Stable ACCs, Mostly Current-Only ACCs, and Little Professors. Subgroups exhibited differences in severity of ASD symptomatology, co-occurring psychiatric symptoms, and other correlates. Our findings provide support for the clinical utility of characterizing caregiver-perceived changes in ACCs in identifying children at risk for co-occurring psychopathology and other clinically relevant variables. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000070x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Atypical communication characteristics among clinic-referred youth with and without autism spectrum disorder: Stability and associations with clinical correlates [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Erin KANG, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Kenneth D GADOW, Auteur . - p.1240-1253. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-4 (October 2020) . - p.1240-1253 Mots-clés : atypical communication characteristics (ACC)  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  comorbidity  latent class analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Atypical communication characteristics (ACCs), such as speech delay, odd pitch, and pragmatic difficulties, are common features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as are the symptoms of a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Using a simple retrospective method, this study aimed to better understand the relation and stability of ACCs with a broad range of psychiatric symptoms among large, well-characterized samples of clinic-referred children and adolescents with and without ASD. Youth with ASD had higher rates and a more variable pattern of developmental change in ACCs than the non-ASD diagnostic group. Latent class analysis yielded three ACC stability subgroups within ASD: Stable ACCs, Mostly Current-Only ACCs, and Little Professors. Subgroups exhibited differences in severity of ASD symptomatology, co-occurring psychiatric symptoms, and other correlates. Our findings provide support for the clinical utility of characterizing caregiver-perceived changes in ACCs in identifying children at risk for co-occurring psychopathology and other clinically relevant variables. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000070x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Camouflaging in Autism: Examining Sex-Based and Compensatory Models in Social Cognition and Communication / Blythe A. CORBETT in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.127-142 Titre : Camouflaging in Autism: Examining Sex-Based and Compensatory Models in Social Cognition and Communication Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Jessica M. SCHWARTZMAN, Auteur ; Erin J. LIBSACK, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Grace L. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.127-142 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety  autism  camouflage  compensation  female  sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging refers to behavioral adaptations that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, use to mask symptoms during social situations. Compensation is a component of camouflaging in which an individual's observed behavior is considerably better than actual ability. The study explored diagnostic, sex-based, and compensatory differences using the Contextual Assessment of Social Skills (CASS). The sample included 161 youth 10:0-to-16:11?years (115 males, 46 females). T-tests were performed based on sex (female, male) or High (good ADOS?+?poor Theory of Mind (TOM)) compared to Low (poor ADOS?+?poor TOM) Compensation groups. Comparisons were examined for Social Affect (SA), Restricted Repetitive Behavior, (RRB), IQ, social behavior (Positive Affect, Overall Involvement) and communication (Vocal Expression, Gestures). Females exhibited fewer RRB t(158) = 3.05, P = 0.003, d = 0.54. For the CASS, females evidenced more Vocal Expressiveness t(157) = -2.03, P = 0.05, d = 0.35, which corroborates sex-based differences in the literature. Compensation group differences indicated the High compared to Low group showed stronger Social and Communication behaviors on the CASS for Vocal Expression t(72) = 2.56, P = 0.01, d = 0.62, and overall rapport t(72) = 2.36, P = 0.02, d = 0.56. Several differences were observed when the groups were stratified based on level of compensation, with the High compensation participants showing stronger social engagement and communication behaviors. Findings may inform efforts to understand camouflaging, compensation, and clinical practices for male and female adolescents with ASD. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging alongside compensation models reveals subtle differences in cognition, behavior, and affect that may reflect underlying profiles of challenge and strength in youth with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging refers to ways individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, mask symptoms. Compensation occurs when a person's observed behavior appears more typical than what would be expected based on underlying ability and symptoms. The study explored camouflaging and compensation differences in 161 youth with ASD. Findings suggest sex-based differences with females showing better vocal expression. However, several compensation differences were observed with the High compensators showing stronger social communication and rapport. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging using compensation models reveal subtle differences in underlying challenge and strength. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2440 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441 [article] Camouflaging in Autism: Examining Sex-Based and Compensatory Models in Social Cognition and Communication [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Jessica M. SCHWARTZMAN, Auteur ; Erin J. LIBSACK, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Grace L. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur . - p.127-142. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.127-142 Mots-clés : anxiety  autism  camouflage  compensation  female  sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging refers to behavioral adaptations that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, use to mask symptoms during social situations. Compensation is a component of camouflaging in which an individual's observed behavior is considerably better than actual ability. The study explored diagnostic, sex-based, and compensatory differences using the Contextual Assessment of Social Skills (CASS). The sample included 161 youth 10:0-to-16:11?years (115 males, 46 females). T-tests were performed based on sex (female, male) or High (good ADOS?+?poor Theory of Mind (TOM)) compared to Low (poor ADOS?+?poor TOM) Compensation groups. Comparisons were examined for Social Affect (SA), Restricted Repetitive Behavior, (RRB), IQ, social behavior (Positive Affect, Overall Involvement) and communication (Vocal Expression, Gestures). Females exhibited fewer RRB t(158) = 3.05, P = 0.003, d = 0.54. For the CASS, females evidenced more Vocal Expressiveness t(157) = -2.03, P = 0.05, d = 0.35, which corroborates sex-based differences in the literature. Compensation group differences indicated the High compared to Low group showed stronger Social and Communication behaviors on the CASS for Vocal Expression t(72) = 2.56, P = 0.01, d = 0.62, and overall rapport t(72) = 2.36, P = 0.02, d = 0.56. Several differences were observed when the groups were stratified based on level of compensation, with the High compensation participants showing stronger social engagement and communication behaviors. Findings may inform efforts to understand camouflaging, compensation, and clinical practices for male and female adolescents with ASD. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging alongside compensation models reveals subtle differences in cognition, behavior, and affect that may reflect underlying profiles of challenge and strength in youth with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging refers to ways individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, mask symptoms. Compensation occurs when a person's observed behavior appears more typical than what would be expected based on underlying ability and symptoms. The study explored camouflaging and compensation differences in 161 youth with ASD. Findings suggest sex-based differences with females showing better vocal expression. However, several compensation differences were observed with the High compensators showing stronger social communication and rapport. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging using compensation models reveal subtle differences in underlying challenge and strength. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2440 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441

Felt but not seen: Observed restricted repetitive behaviors are associated with self-report-but not parent-report-obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder / Lee A. SANTORE in Autism, 24-4 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.983-994 Titre : Felt but not seen: Observed restricted repetitive behaviors are associated with self-report-but not parent-report-obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lee A. SANTORE, Auteur ; Alan GERBER, Auteur ; Ayla N. GIOIA, Auteur ; Rebecca BIANCHI, Auteur ; Fanny TALLEDO, Auteur ; Tara S. PERIS, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.983-994 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  obsessive-compulsive disorder  restricted and repetitive behaviors  school-age children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Youth with autism spectrum disorder often exhibit symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder; however, it can be difficult for parents and clinicians to tell the difference between the restricted and repetitive behaviors often seen in autism spectrum disorder and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This difficulty in distinguishing symptoms may arise from the fact that these symptoms appear the same to observers but are typically differentiated based on whether the motivation for the behavior is to reduce stress (restricted and repetitive behaviors) or whether the behavior itself is stressful (obsessive-compulsive disorder). It is important to know the difference between these two symptoms as it may impact the treatment prescribed. The goal of this study was to better determine the difference between restricted and repetitive behaviors and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in youth with autism spectrum disorder. It was found that although parents and clinicians had trouble differentiating between the two, the children were able to provide insight as to their own motivations for behavior, and thus whether they were restricted and repetitive behaviors or symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. It was also found that children may actually have subjective negative experiences when engaging in restricted and repetitive behaviors, which complicates their classification. These results provide guidance for better understanding, distinguishing, and ultimately treating obsessive-compulsive disorder behavior in youth with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909177 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 [article] Felt but not seen: Observed restricted repetitive behaviors are associated with self-report-but not parent-report-obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lee A. SANTORE, Auteur ; Alan GERBER, Auteur ; Ayla N. GIOIA, Auteur ; Rebecca BIANCHI, Auteur ; Fanny TALLEDO, Auteur ; Tara S. PERIS, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur . - p.983-994. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.983-994 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  obsessive-compulsive disorder  restricted and repetitive behaviors  school-age children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Youth with autism spectrum disorder often exhibit symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder; however, it can be difficult for parents and clinicians to tell the difference between the restricted and repetitive behaviors often seen in autism spectrum disorder and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This difficulty in distinguishing symptoms may arise from the fact that these symptoms appear the same to observers but are typically differentiated based on whether the motivation for the behavior is to reduce stress (restricted and repetitive behaviors) or whether the behavior itself is stressful (obsessive-compulsive disorder). It is important to know the difference between these two symptoms as it may impact the treatment prescribed. The goal of this study was to better determine the difference between restricted and repetitive behaviors and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in youth with autism spectrum disorder. It was found that although parents and clinicians had trouble differentiating between the two, the children were able to provide insight as to their own motivations for behavior, and thus whether they were restricted and repetitive behaviors or symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. It was also found that children may actually have subjective negative experiences when engaging in restricted and repetitive behaviors, which complicates their classification. These results provide guidance for better understanding, distinguishing, and ultimately treating obsessive-compulsive disorder behavior in youth with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909177 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425

Multi-informant International Perspectives on the Facilitators and Barriers to Employment for Autistic Adults / Melissa H. BLACK in Autism Research, 13-7 (July 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1195-1214 Titre : Multi-informant International Perspectives on the Facilitators and Barriers to Employment for Autistic Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melissa H. BLACK, Auteur ; Soheil MAHDI, Auteur ; Benjamin MILBOURN, Auteur ; Melissa SCOTT, Auteur ; Alan GERBER, Auteur ; Christopher ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Alycia K. HALLADAY, Auteur ; Eva STRÖM, Auteur ; Axel D'ANGELO, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Sonya GIRDLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1195-1214 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism  cross-cultural  employment  key stakeholders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Employment rates for autistic individuals are poor, even compared to those from other disability groups. Internationally, there remains limited understanding of the factors influencing employment across the stages of preparing for, gaining, and maintaining employment. This is the third in a series of studies conducted as part of an International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) policy brief intended to improve employment outcomes for autistic individuals. A multi-informant international survey with five key stakeholder groups, including autistic individuals, their families, employers, service providers, and researchers, was undertaken in Australia, Sweden, and the United States to understand the facilitators and barriers to employment for autistic adults. A total of 687 individuals participated, including autistic individuals (n = 246), family members (n = 233), employers (n = 35), clinicians/service providers (n = 123), and researchers (n = 50). Perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to employment differed significantly across both key stakeholder groups and countries, however, ensuring a good job match and focusing on strengths were identified by all groups as important for success. Key barriers to employment included stigma, a lack of understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and communication difficulties. Results suggest that a holistic approach to employment for autistic individuals is required, aimed at facilitating communication between key stakeholders, addressing attitudes and understanding of ASD in the workplace, using strength-based approaches and providing early work experience. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1195-1214. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic individuals experience significant difficulty getting and keeping a job. This article presents a survey study involving autistic individuals, their families, employers, service providers and researchers in Australia, Sweden, and the United States to understand their perspectives on the factors that support or act as barriers to employment. While perspectives varied across key stakeholders, strategies such as using a holistic approach, targeting workplace attitudes and understanding, focusing on strengths, and providing early work experience are important for success. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2288 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 [article] Multi-informant International Perspectives on the Facilitators and Barriers to Employment for Autistic Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melissa H. BLACK, Auteur ; Soheil MAHDI, Auteur ; Benjamin MILBOURN, Auteur ; Melissa SCOTT, Auteur ; Alan GERBER, Auteur ; Christopher ESPOSITO, Auteur ; Marita FALKMER, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Alycia K. HALLADAY, Auteur ; Eva STRÖM, Auteur ; Axel D'ANGELO, Auteur ; Torbjörn FALKMER, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Sonya GIRDLER, Auteur . - p.1195-1214. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-7 (July 2020) . - p.1195-1214 Mots-clés : adults  autism  cross-cultural  employment  key stakeholders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Employment rates for autistic individuals are poor, even compared to those from other disability groups. Internationally, there remains limited understanding of the factors influencing employment across the stages of preparing for, gaining, and maintaining employment. This is the third in a series of studies conducted as part of an International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) policy brief intended to improve employment outcomes for autistic individuals. A multi-informant international survey with five key stakeholder groups, including autistic individuals, their families, employers, service providers, and researchers, was undertaken in Australia, Sweden, and the United States to understand the facilitators and barriers to employment for autistic adults. A total of 687 individuals participated, including autistic individuals (n = 246), family members (n = 233), employers (n = 35), clinicians/service providers (n = 123), and researchers (n = 50). Perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to employment differed significantly across both key stakeholder groups and countries, however, ensuring a good job match and focusing on strengths were identified by all groups as important for success. Key barriers to employment included stigma, a lack of understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and communication difficulties. Results suggest that a holistic approach to employment for autistic individuals is required, aimed at facilitating communication between key stakeholders, addressing attitudes and understanding of ASD in the workplace, using strength-based approaches and providing early work experience. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1195-1214. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic individuals experience significant difficulty getting and keeping a job. This article presents a survey study involving autistic individuals, their families, employers, service providers and researchers in Australia, Sweden, and the United States to understand their perspectives on the factors that support or act as barriers to employment. While perspectives varied across key stakeholders, strategies such as using a holistic approach, targeting workplace attitudes and understanding, focusing on strengths, and providing early work experience are important for success. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2288 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429

Prediction of social behavior in autism spectrum disorders: Explicit versus implicit social cognition / Cara M. KEIFER in Autism, 24-7 (October 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1758-1772 Titre : Prediction of social behavior in autism spectrum disorders: Explicit versus implicit social cognition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cara M. KEIFER, Auteur ; Amori Yee MIKAMI, Auteur ; James P. MORRIS, Auteur ; Erin J. LIBSACK, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1758-1772 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *autism spectrum disorder  *electroencephalography  *event-related potential  *partial least squares regression  *social cognition  *social perception  interest. Amori Mikami declares that she has no conflict of interest. James Morris  declares that he has no conflict of interest. Erin Libsack declares that she has no  conflict of interest. Matthew Lerner declares that he has no conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulties with social communication and interaction are a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder. These difficulties may be the result of problems with explicit social cognition (effortful and largely conscious processes) such as learning and recalling social norms or rules. Alternatively, social deficits may stem from problems with implicit social cognition (rapid and largely unconscious processes) such as the efficient integration of social information. The goal of this study was to determine how problems in explicit and implicit social cognition relate to social behavior in 34 youth with autism spectrum disorder. We measured aspects of implicit and explicit social cognition abilities in the laboratory using behavioral, cognitive, and brain (electrophysiological) measures. We then used those measures to predict "real-world" social behavior as reported by parents, clinicians, and independent observers. Results showed that overall better aspects of implicit and explicit social cognition predicted more competent social behavior. In addition, the ability to fluidly integrate social information (implicit social cognition) was more frequently related to competent social behavior that merely knowing what to do in social situations (explicit social cognition). These findings may help with the development of interventions focusing on improving social deficits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320922058 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 [article] Prediction of social behavior in autism spectrum disorders: Explicit versus implicit social cognition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cara M. KEIFER, Auteur ; Amori Yee MIKAMI, Auteur ; James P. MORRIS, Auteur ; Erin J. LIBSACK, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur . - p.1758-1772. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-7 (October 2020) . - p.1758-1772 Mots-clés : *autism spectrum disorder  *electroencephalography  *event-related potential  *partial least squares regression  *social cognition  *social perception  interest. Amori Mikami declares that she has no conflict of interest. James Morris  declares that he has no conflict of interest. Erin Libsack declares that she has no  conflict of interest. Matthew Lerner declares that he has no conflict of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Difficulties with social communication and interaction are a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder. These difficulties may be the result of problems with explicit social cognition (effortful and largely conscious processes) such as learning and recalling social norms or rules. Alternatively, social deficits may stem from problems with implicit social cognition (rapid and largely unconscious processes) such as the efficient integration of social information. The goal of this study was to determine how problems in explicit and implicit social cognition relate to social behavior in 34 youth with autism spectrum disorder. We measured aspects of implicit and explicit social cognition abilities in the laboratory using behavioral, cognitive, and brain (electrophysiological) measures. We then used those measures to predict "real-world" social behavior as reported by parents, clinicians, and independent observers. Results showed that overall better aspects of implicit and explicit social cognition predicted more competent social behavior. In addition, the ability to fluidly integrate social information (implicit social cognition) was more frequently related to competent social behavior that merely knowing what to do in social situations (explicit social cognition). These findings may help with the development of interventions focusing on improving social deficits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320922058 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431

Screening and treatment of trauma-related symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder among community providers in the United States / Connor M. KERNS in Autism, 24-2 (February 2020)  

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Trajectories and correlates of special education supports for youth with autism spectrum disorder and psychiatric comparisons / Christine J SPAULDING in Autism, 21-4 (May 2017)  

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A transdiagnostic model of psychiatric symptom co-occurrence and autism spectrum disorder / Craig RODRIGUEZ-SEIJAS in Autism Research, 13-4 (April 2020)  

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Utility of an Observational Social Skill Assessment as a Measure of Social Cognition in Autism / Grace Lee SIMMONS in Autism Research, 14-4 (April 2021)  

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