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"Revêtir ma meilleure panoplie de normalité" : camouflage social chez les adultes présentant une condition du spectre autistique / L. HULL in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E., 150 (Novembre/Décembre 2017)
[article]
Titre : "Revêtir ma meilleure panoplie de normalité" : camouflage social chez les adultes présentant une condition du spectre autistique Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. HULL, Auteur ; K.V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; W. MANDY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.637-653 Mots-clés : Autisme Camouflage Maîtrise (Coping) Sexe Genre Adaptation sociale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nous posons l’hypothèse que le camouflage des caractéristiques autistiques en situation sociale est une stratégie habituelle de recherche de maîtrise des adultes avec une condition du spectre autistique (ASC). Le camouflage peut impacter le diagnostic, la qualité de la vie, et les pronostics à long terme, mais on en sait peu à son sujet. Cette étude qualitative a examiné les expériences de camouflage chez 92 adultes avec ASC. Les interrogations se sont centrées sur la nature, les motivations et les conséquences du camouflage. Nous avons utilisé des analyses thématiques pour identifier des éléments clefs du processus de camouflage, lesquels ont permis d’établir un modèle à trois niveaux du processus de ce dernier. Premièrement, les motivations qui mènent l’adulte à se camoufler ont englobé les faits de vouloir s’intégrer et d’accroître les connexions à autrui. Deuxièmement, le camouflage lui-même a englobé une combinaison de techniques de masquage et de compensation. Troisièmement, les conséquences à court et à long terme du camouflage ont inclus un épuisement, des stéréotypes problématiques et des menaces vis-à-vis de la perception de soi. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372
in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E. > 150 (Novembre/Décembre 2017) . - p.637-653[article] "Revêtir ma meilleure panoplie de normalité" : camouflage social chez les adultes présentant une condition du spectre autistique [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. HULL, Auteur ; K.V. PETRIDES, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; P. SMITH, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; W. MANDY, Auteur . - p.637-653.
in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E. > 150 (Novembre/Décembre 2017) . - p.637-653
Mots-clés : Autisme Camouflage Maîtrise (Coping) Sexe Genre Adaptation sociale Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Nous posons l’hypothèse que le camouflage des caractéristiques autistiques en situation sociale est une stratégie habituelle de recherche de maîtrise des adultes avec une condition du spectre autistique (ASC). Le camouflage peut impacter le diagnostic, la qualité de la vie, et les pronostics à long terme, mais on en sait peu à son sujet. Cette étude qualitative a examiné les expériences de camouflage chez 92 adultes avec ASC. Les interrogations se sont centrées sur la nature, les motivations et les conséquences du camouflage. Nous avons utilisé des analyses thématiques pour identifier des éléments clefs du processus de camouflage, lesquels ont permis d’établir un modèle à trois niveaux du processus de ce dernier. Premièrement, les motivations qui mènent l’adulte à se camoufler ont englobé les faits de vouloir s’intégrer et d’accroître les connexions à autrui. Deuxièmement, le camouflage lui-même a englobé une combinaison de techniques de masquage et de compensation. Troisièmement, les conséquences à court et à long terme du camouflage ont inclus un épuisement, des stéréotypes problématiques et des menaces vis-à-vis de la perception de soi. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=372 Looking good but feeling bad: "Camouflaging" behaviors and mental health in women with autistic traits / Jonathan S. BECK in Autism, 24-4 (May 2020)
[article]
Titre : Looking good but feeling bad: "Camouflaging" behaviors and mental health in women with autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jonathan S. BECK, Auteur ; Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Terisa GABRIELSEN, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.809-821 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum camouflage diagnosis disorders female mental health women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Women who try to hide or "camouflage" their autistic traits are likely to report that they feel distressed, think of suicide, and/or struggle to function in everyday life. We asked 58 women with autistic traits to complete questionnaires about camouflaging and mental health. Most of these women did not have a formal diagnosis of autism, yet a majority reported that they camouflaged autistic traits, and a large majority reported significant mental health challenges. Some researchers have suggested that women with autistic traits are more likely than autistic men to experience mental health challenges because women may try more to "fit in" socially by camouflaging their autistic traits. Analyses showed that camouflaging was associated with feeling distressed (depressed, anxious, and/or stressed). For women who reported above-average levels of camouflaging, camouflaging was also associated with having thoughts about suicide and struggling to function in everyday life. Trying to camouflage autistic traits was associated with mental health challenges, regardless of whether those traits were very mild or more severe. The findings of this study may influence how mental health professionals evaluate and treat women with autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320912147 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425
in Autism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.809-821[article] Looking good but feeling bad: "Camouflaging" behaviors and mental health in women with autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jonathan S. BECK, Auteur ; Rebecca A. LUNDWALL, Auteur ; Terisa GABRIELSEN, Auteur ; Jonathan C. COX, Auteur ; Mikle SOUTH, Auteur . - p.809-821.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 24-4 (May 2020) . - p.809-821
Mots-clés : autism spectrum camouflage diagnosis disorders female mental health women Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Women who try to hide or "camouflage" their autistic traits are likely to report that they feel distressed, think of suicide, and/or struggle to function in everyday life. We asked 58 women with autistic traits to complete questionnaires about camouflaging and mental health. Most of these women did not have a formal diagnosis of autism, yet a majority reported that they camouflaged autistic traits, and a large majority reported significant mental health challenges. Some researchers have suggested that women with autistic traits are more likely than autistic men to experience mental health challenges because women may try more to "fit in" socially by camouflaging their autistic traits. Analyses showed that camouflaging was associated with feeling distressed (depressed, anxious, and/or stressed). For women who reported above-average levels of camouflaging, camouflaging was also associated with having thoughts about suicide and struggling to function in everyday life. Trying to camouflage autistic traits was associated with mental health challenges, regardless of whether those traits were very mild or more severe. The findings of this study may influence how mental health professionals evaluate and treat women with autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320912147 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=425 Sex differences in the first impressions made by girls and boys with autism / Meredith L. COLA in Molecular Autism, 11 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Sex differences in the first impressions made by girls and boys with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meredith L. COLA, Auteur ; Samantha PLATE, Auteur ; Lisa YANKOWITZ, Auteur ; Victoria PETRULLA, Auteur ; Leila BATEMAN, Auteur ; Casey J. ZAMPELLA, Auteur ; Ashley DE MARCHENA, Auteur ; Juhi PANDEY, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 49 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Camouflage First impressions Sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are characterized by social communication challenges and repetitive behaviors that may be quickly detected by experts (Autism Res 10:653-62, 2017; American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 2013). Recent research suggests that even naïve non-experts judge a variety of human dimensions using narrow windows of experience called "first impressions." Growing recognition of sex differences in a variety of observable behaviors in ASD, combined with research showing that some autistic girls and women may "camouflage" outward symptoms, suggests it may be more difficult for naïve conversation partners to detect ASD symptoms in girls. Here, we explore the first impressions made by boys and girls with ASD and typically developing (TD) peers. METHODS: Ninety-three school-aged children with ASD or TD were matched on IQ; autistic girls and boys were additionally matched on autism symptom severity using the ADOS-2. Participants completed a 5-minute "get-to-know-you" conversation with a new young adult acquaintance. Immediately after the conversation, confederates rated participants on a variety of dimensions. Our primary analysis compared conversation ratings between groups (ASD boys, ASD girls, TD boys, TD girls). RESULTS: Autistic girls were rated more positively than autistic boys by novel conversation partners (better perceived social communication ability), despite comparable autism symptom severity as rated by expert clinicians (equivalent true social communication ability). Boys with ASD were rated more negatively than typical boys and typical girls by novel conversation partners as well as expert clinicians. There was no significant difference in the first impressions made by autistic girls compared to typical girls during conversations with a novel conversation partner, but autistic girls were rated lower than typical girls by expert clinicians. LIMITATIONS: This study cannot speak to the ways in which first impressions may differ for younger children, adults, or individuals who are not verbally fluent; in addition, there were more autistic boys than girls in our sample, making it difficult to detect small effects. CONCLUSIONS: First impressions made during naturalistic conversations with non-expert conversation partners could-in combination with clinical ratings and parent report-shed light on the nature and effects of behavioral differences between girls and boys on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00336-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 49 p.[article] Sex differences in the first impressions made by girls and boys with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meredith L. COLA, Auteur ; Samantha PLATE, Auteur ; Lisa YANKOWITZ, Auteur ; Victoria PETRULLA, Auteur ; Leila BATEMAN, Auteur ; Casey J. ZAMPELLA, Auteur ; Ashley DE MARCHENA, Auteur ; Juhi PANDEY, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur . - 49 p.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Molecular Autism > 11 (2020) . - 49 p.
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder Camouflage First impressions Sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are characterized by social communication challenges and repetitive behaviors that may be quickly detected by experts (Autism Res 10:653-62, 2017; American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 2013). Recent research suggests that even naïve non-experts judge a variety of human dimensions using narrow windows of experience called "first impressions." Growing recognition of sex differences in a variety of observable behaviors in ASD, combined with research showing that some autistic girls and women may "camouflage" outward symptoms, suggests it may be more difficult for naïve conversation partners to detect ASD symptoms in girls. Here, we explore the first impressions made by boys and girls with ASD and typically developing (TD) peers. METHODS: Ninety-three school-aged children with ASD or TD were matched on IQ; autistic girls and boys were additionally matched on autism symptom severity using the ADOS-2. Participants completed a 5-minute "get-to-know-you" conversation with a new young adult acquaintance. Immediately after the conversation, confederates rated participants on a variety of dimensions. Our primary analysis compared conversation ratings between groups (ASD boys, ASD girls, TD boys, TD girls). RESULTS: Autistic girls were rated more positively than autistic boys by novel conversation partners (better perceived social communication ability), despite comparable autism symptom severity as rated by expert clinicians (equivalent true social communication ability). Boys with ASD were rated more negatively than typical boys and typical girls by novel conversation partners as well as expert clinicians. There was no significant difference in the first impressions made by autistic girls compared to typical girls during conversations with a novel conversation partner, but autistic girls were rated lower than typical girls by expert clinicians. LIMITATIONS: This study cannot speak to the ways in which first impressions may differ for younger children, adults, or individuals who are not verbally fluent; in addition, there were more autistic boys than girls in our sample, making it difficult to detect small effects. CONCLUSIONS: First impressions made during naturalistic conversations with non-expert conversation partners could-in combination with clinical ratings and parent report-shed light on the nature and effects of behavioral differences between girls and boys on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00336-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 Social Camouflaging in Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review / M. TUBÍO-FUNGUEIRIÑO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-7 (July 2021)
[article]
Titre : Social Camouflaging in Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. TUBÍO-FUNGUEIRIÑO, Auteur ; S. CRUZ, Auteur ; A. SAMPAIO, Auteur ; A. CARRACEDO, Auteur ; M. FERNANDEZ-PRIETO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2190-2199 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Female Humans Male Sex Factors Social Adjustment Autism Camouflage Females Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence, and a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. Research has been suggesting that discrepancy in prevalence may be due to the fact that females camouflage their symptoms. In this study, we aimed to systematically review evidence on the camouflage effect in females with ASD. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed empirical research published from January 2009 to September 2019 on PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo and Scopus databases. Thirteen empirical articles were included in this review. Overall, evidence supports that camouflaging seems to be an adaptive mechanism for females with ASD, despite the negative implications of these behaviours in their daily life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04695-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-7 (July 2021) . - p.2190-2199[article] Social Camouflaging in Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. TUBÍO-FUNGUEIRIÑO, Auteur ; S. CRUZ, Auteur ; A. SAMPAIO, Auteur ; A. CARRACEDO, Auteur ; M. FERNANDEZ-PRIETO, Auteur . - p.2190-2199.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-7 (July 2021) . - p.2190-2199
Mots-clés : Adaptation, Psychological Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Female Humans Male Sex Factors Social Adjustment Autism Camouflage Females Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence, and a male-to-female ratio of 4:1. Research has been suggesting that discrepancy in prevalence may be due to the fact that females camouflage their symptoms. In this study, we aimed to systematically review evidence on the camouflage effect in females with ASD. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed empirical research published from January 2009 to September 2019 on PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo and Scopus databases. Thirteen empirical articles were included in this review. Overall, evidence supports that camouflaging seems to be an adaptive mechanism for females with ASD, despite the negative implications of these behaviours in their daily life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04695-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 Camouflaging in Autism: Examining Sex-Based and Compensatory Models in Social Cognition and Communication / Blythe A. CORBETT in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)
[article]
Titre : Camouflaging in Autism: Examining Sex-Based and Compensatory Models in Social Cognition and Communication Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Jessica M. SCHWARTZMAN, Auteur ; Erin J. LIBSACK, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Grace L. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.127-142 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anxiety autism camouflage compensation female sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging refers to behavioral adaptations that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, use to mask symptoms during social situations. Compensation is a component of camouflaging in which an individual's observed behavior is considerably better than actual ability. The study explored diagnostic, sex-based, and compensatory differences using the Contextual Assessment of Social Skills (CASS). The sample included 161 youth 10:0-to-16:11?years (115 males, 46 females). T-tests were performed based on sex (female, male) or High (good ADOS?+?poor Theory of Mind (TOM)) compared to Low (poor ADOS?+?poor TOM) Compensation groups. Comparisons were examined for Social Affect (SA), Restricted Repetitive Behavior, (RRB), IQ, social behavior (Positive Affect, Overall Involvement) and communication (Vocal Expression, Gestures). Females exhibited fewer RRB t(158) = 3.05, P = 0.003, d = 0.54. For the CASS, females evidenced more Vocal Expressiveness t(157) = -2.03, P = 0.05, d = 0.35, which corroborates sex-based differences in the literature. Compensation group differences indicated the High compared to Low group showed stronger Social and Communication behaviors on the CASS for Vocal Expression t(72) = 2.56, P = 0.01, d = 0.62, and overall rapport t(72) = 2.36, P = 0.02, d = 0.56. Several differences were observed when the groups were stratified based on level of compensation, with the High compensation participants showing stronger social engagement and communication behaviors. Findings may inform efforts to understand camouflaging, compensation, and clinical practices for male and female adolescents with ASD. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging alongside compensation models reveals subtle differences in cognition, behavior, and affect that may reflect underlying profiles of challenge and strength in youth with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging refers to ways individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, mask symptoms. Compensation occurs when a person's observed behavior appears more typical than what would be expected based on underlying ability and symptoms. The study explored camouflaging and compensation differences in 161 youth with ASD. Findings suggest sex-based differences with females showing better vocal expression. However, several compensation differences were observed with the High compensators showing stronger social communication and rapport. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging using compensation models reveal subtle differences in underlying challenge and strength. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2440 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.127-142[article] Camouflaging in Autism: Examining Sex-Based and Compensatory Models in Social Cognition and Communication [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Blythe A. CORBETT, Auteur ; Jessica M. SCHWARTZMAN, Auteur ; Erin J. LIBSACK, Auteur ; Rachael A. MUSCATELLO, Auteur ; Matthew D LERNER, Auteur ; Grace L. SIMMONS, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur . - p.127-142.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.127-142
Mots-clés : anxiety autism camouflage compensation female sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Camouflaging refers to behavioral adaptations that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, use to mask symptoms during social situations. Compensation is a component of camouflaging in which an individual's observed behavior is considerably better than actual ability. The study explored diagnostic, sex-based, and compensatory differences using the Contextual Assessment of Social Skills (CASS). The sample included 161 youth 10:0-to-16:11?years (115 males, 46 females). T-tests were performed based on sex (female, male) or High (good ADOS?+?poor Theory of Mind (TOM)) compared to Low (poor ADOS?+?poor TOM) Compensation groups. Comparisons were examined for Social Affect (SA), Restricted Repetitive Behavior, (RRB), IQ, social behavior (Positive Affect, Overall Involvement) and communication (Vocal Expression, Gestures). Females exhibited fewer RRB t(158) = 3.05, P = 0.003, d = 0.54. For the CASS, females evidenced more Vocal Expressiveness t(157) = -2.03, P = 0.05, d = 0.35, which corroborates sex-based differences in the literature. Compensation group differences indicated the High compared to Low group showed stronger Social and Communication behaviors on the CASS for Vocal Expression t(72) = 2.56, P = 0.01, d = 0.62, and overall rapport t(72) = 2.36, P = 0.02, d = 0.56. Several differences were observed when the groups were stratified based on level of compensation, with the High compensation participants showing stronger social engagement and communication behaviors. Findings may inform efforts to understand camouflaging, compensation, and clinical practices for male and female adolescents with ASD. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging alongside compensation models reveals subtle differences in cognition, behavior, and affect that may reflect underlying profiles of challenge and strength in youth with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Camouflaging refers to ways individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), especially females, mask symptoms. Compensation occurs when a person's observed behavior appears more typical than what would be expected based on underlying ability and symptoms. The study explored camouflaging and compensation differences in 161 youth with ASD. Findings suggest sex-based differences with females showing better vocal expression. However, several compensation differences were observed with the High compensators showing stronger social communication and rapport. A more nuanced consideration of camouflaging using compensation models reveal subtle differences in underlying challenge and strength. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2440 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441 Exactly the same but completely different: A thematic analysis of Clinical Psychologists’ conceptions of Autism across genders / Joshua T. B. MUGGLETON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 62 (June 2019)
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