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Auteur Theodore DIX |
Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (4)
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Mothers' depressive symptoms and children's facial emotions: Examining the depression–inhibition hypothesis / Theodore DIX in Development and Psychopathology, 24-1 (January 2012)
[article]
Titre : Mothers' depressive symptoms and children's facial emotions: Examining the depression–inhibition hypothesis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Theodore DIX, Auteur ; Leah N. MEUNIER, Auteur ; Kathryn LUSK, Auteur ; Michelle M. PERFECT, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.195-210 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Vibrant expression of emotion is the principal means infants and young children use to elicit appropriate and timely caregiving, stimulation, and support. This study examined the depression–inhibition hypothesis: that declines in mothers' support as their depressive symptoms increase inhibit children's emotional communication. Ninety-four mothers and their 14- to 27-month-olds interacted in a university playroom. Based on microanalytic coding of discrete facial displays, results supported three components of the hypothesis. (a) As mothers' depressive symptoms increased, children displayed less facial emotion (more flat affect, less joy, less sadness, less negative). (b) Mothers' low emotional and behavioral support predicted children's low facial communication and mediated relations between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's infrequent emotion. (c) Children who were passive with mothers behaviorally expressed emotion infrequently. Children's passivity mediated relations between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's infrequent emotion displays. Contrary to modeling and contagion theories, mothers' facial displays did not mediate relations between their depressive symptoms and children's facial displays. Nor were the outcomes children experienced regulating their facial displays. Rather, findings suggest that, even when depressive symptoms are modest, young children inhibit emotion as mothers' depressive symptoms increase to withdraw from unresponsive mothers, which may adversely affect children's subsequent relationships and competencies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000770 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152
in Development and Psychopathology > 24-1 (January 2012) . - p.195-210[article] Mothers' depressive symptoms and children's facial emotions: Examining the depression–inhibition hypothesis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Theodore DIX, Auteur ; Leah N. MEUNIER, Auteur ; Kathryn LUSK, Auteur ; Michelle M. PERFECT, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.195-210.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 24-1 (January 2012) . - p.195-210
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Vibrant expression of emotion is the principal means infants and young children use to elicit appropriate and timely caregiving, stimulation, and support. This study examined the depression–inhibition hypothesis: that declines in mothers' support as their depressive symptoms increase inhibit children's emotional communication. Ninety-four mothers and their 14- to 27-month-olds interacted in a university playroom. Based on microanalytic coding of discrete facial displays, results supported three components of the hypothesis. (a) As mothers' depressive symptoms increased, children displayed less facial emotion (more flat affect, less joy, less sadness, less negative). (b) Mothers' low emotional and behavioral support predicted children's low facial communication and mediated relations between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's infrequent emotion. (c) Children who were passive with mothers behaviorally expressed emotion infrequently. Children's passivity mediated relations between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's infrequent emotion displays. Contrary to modeling and contagion theories, mothers' facial displays did not mediate relations between their depressive symptoms and children's facial displays. Nor were the outcomes children experienced regulating their facial displays. Rather, findings suggest that, even when depressive symptoms are modest, young children inhibit emotion as mothers' depressive symptoms increase to withdraw from unresponsive mothers, which may adversely affect children's subsequent relationships and competencies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000770 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=152 Mothers' depressive symptoms and infant negative emotionality in the prediction of child adjustment at age 3: Testing the maternal reactivity and child vulnerability hypotheses / Theodore DIX in Development and Psychopathology, 26-1 (February 2014)
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Titre : Mothers' depressive symptoms and infant negative emotionality in the prediction of child adjustment at age 3: Testing the maternal reactivity and child vulnerability hypotheses Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Theodore DIX, Auteur ; Ni YAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.111-124 Langues : Français (fre) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined individual differences in how mothers' depressive symptoms affect children's early adjustment. It tested whether problematic development among children high in negative emotionality is accentuated by (a) maternal reactivity, the negative reactivity of mothers with depressive symptoms to difficult child characteristics; and (b) child vulnerability, the susceptibility of negatively emotional children to the negative parenting of mothers with depressive symptoms. Based on 1,364 participants from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care, results showed that mothers' depressive symptoms predicted greater risk for adjustment problems at age 3 among children who as infants were high rather than low in negative emotionality. Increased risk was evident for behavior problems, low responsiveness, high separation distress, and low social competence. Mediational tests suggested that increased risk reflected maternal reactivity: the stronger mothers' depressive symptoms, the more they responded with negative parenting to children high in negative emotionality. The proposal that child vulnerability mediates the greater impact of mothers' depressive symptoms on negatively emotional children was verified only for separation distress. The results support the proposal that, when mothers are high in depressive symptoms, aversive characteristics of children and their behavior increasingly influence early adjustment and do so because they elicit negative parent behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579413000898 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=224
in Development and Psychopathology > 26-1 (February 2014) . - p.111-124[article] Mothers' depressive symptoms and infant negative emotionality in the prediction of child adjustment at age 3: Testing the maternal reactivity and child vulnerability hypotheses [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Theodore DIX, Auteur ; Ni YAN, Auteur . - p.111-124.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Development and Psychopathology > 26-1 (February 2014) . - p.111-124
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined individual differences in how mothers' depressive symptoms affect children's early adjustment. It tested whether problematic development among children high in negative emotionality is accentuated by (a) maternal reactivity, the negative reactivity of mothers with depressive symptoms to difficult child characteristics; and (b) child vulnerability, the susceptibility of negatively emotional children to the negative parenting of mothers with depressive symptoms. Based on 1,364 participants from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care, results showed that mothers' depressive symptoms predicted greater risk for adjustment problems at age 3 among children who as infants were high rather than low in negative emotionality. Increased risk was evident for behavior problems, low responsiveness, high separation distress, and low social competence. Mediational tests suggested that increased risk reflected maternal reactivity: the stronger mothers' depressive symptoms, the more they responded with negative parenting to children high in negative emotionality. The proposal that child vulnerability mediates the greater impact of mothers' depressive symptoms on negatively emotional children was verified only for separation distress. The results support the proposal that, when mothers are high in depressive symptoms, aversive characteristics of children and their behavior increasingly influence early adjustment and do so because they elicit negative parent behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579413000898 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=224 Mothers' early depressive symptoms and children's first-grade adjustment: a transactional analysis of child withdrawal as a mediator / Ni YAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-5 (May 2014)
[article]
Titre : Mothers' early depressive symptoms and children's first-grade adjustment: a transactional analysis of child withdrawal as a mediator Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ni YAN, Auteur ; Theodore DIX, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.495-504 Mots-clés : Mothers' depressive symptoms child inhibition child withdrawal mutual responsiveness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The depression-inhibition hypothesis suggests that mothers' depressive symptoms undermine development because they lead children to withdraw from social contact. To test this, this study examined whether poor first-grade adjustment among children of mothers with depressive symptoms is mediated by the emergence of child withdrawal in early development. Method Based on 1,364 dyads, four waves of data spanning from 24 months to first grade (7 years) were used to examine paths by which children's withdrawal mediates relations between mothers' early depressive symptoms and three first-grade outcomes: social competence, academic performance, and externalizing behavior problems. Results Structural equation modeling revealed three principal paths. First, direct relations were observed: Mothers' depressive symptoms predicted early child withdrawal and increases in child withdrawal over time, which predicted poor first-grade adjustment. Second, reciprocal relations were observed: Mothers' depressive symptoms predicted child withdrawal, which predicted increases in depressive symptoms. Third, relations via mother–child mutual responsiveness were observed: Depression-related increases in child withdrawal predicted declines in mutual responsiveness, which predicted poor first-grade adjustment. Conclusion The findings suggest that, due to its interdependence with maternal depression and low mother–child mutual responsiveness over time, child withdrawal may play an important role in the poor first-grade adjustment of children whose mothers are high in depressive symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12189 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.495-504[article] Mothers' early depressive symptoms and children's first-grade adjustment: a transactional analysis of child withdrawal as a mediator [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ni YAN, Auteur ; Theodore DIX, Auteur . - p.495-504.
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.495-504
Mots-clés : Mothers' depressive symptoms child inhibition child withdrawal mutual responsiveness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The depression-inhibition hypothesis suggests that mothers' depressive symptoms undermine development because they lead children to withdraw from social contact. To test this, this study examined whether poor first-grade adjustment among children of mothers with depressive symptoms is mediated by the emergence of child withdrawal in early development. Method Based on 1,364 dyads, four waves of data spanning from 24 months to first grade (7 years) were used to examine paths by which children's withdrawal mediates relations between mothers' early depressive symptoms and three first-grade outcomes: social competence, academic performance, and externalizing behavior problems. Results Structural equation modeling revealed three principal paths. First, direct relations were observed: Mothers' depressive symptoms predicted early child withdrawal and increases in child withdrawal over time, which predicted poor first-grade adjustment. Second, reciprocal relations were observed: Mothers' depressive symptoms predicted child withdrawal, which predicted increases in depressive symptoms. Third, relations via mother–child mutual responsiveness were observed: Depression-related increases in child withdrawal predicted declines in mutual responsiveness, which predicted poor first-grade adjustment. Conclusion The findings suggest that, due to its interdependence with maternal depression and low mother–child mutual responsiveness over time, child withdrawal may play an important role in the poor first-grade adjustment of children whose mothers are high in depressive symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12189 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=232 Mothers' early depressive symptoms predict children's low social competence in first grade: mediation by children's social cognition / Yiji WANG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-2 (February 2015)
[article]
Titre : Mothers' early depressive symptoms predict children's low social competence in first grade: mediation by children's social cognition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yiji WANG, Auteur ; Theodore DIX, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.183-192 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mothers' depressive symptoms social cognition social competence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study examined whether social-cognitive processes in children mediate relations between mothers' depressive symptoms across the first 3 years and children's first-grade social competence. Three maladaptive cognitions were examined: self-perceived social inadequacy, hostile attribution, and aggressive response generation. Method One thousand three hundred and sixty-four mothers reported depressive symptoms across early development, first-grade children reported target social cognitions, and children's first-grade social competence was observed and reported by multiple informants. Results Findings demonstrated that (a) mothers' average depressive symptoms from 6 to 36 months predicted children's maladaptive social cognition in first grade, (b) low mother–child responsiveness mediated this relation, and (c) maladaptive social cognition mediated relations between mothers' early depressive symptoms and low first-grade social competence independent of later depressive symptoms. Conclusion When mothers' depressive symptoms occur early in development, they may set in motion low-responsive dyadic patterns that promote children's maladaptive social cognition and, as a result, low social competence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-2 (February 2015) . - p.183-192[article] Mothers' early depressive symptoms predict children's low social competence in first grade: mediation by children's social cognition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yiji WANG, Auteur ; Theodore DIX, Auteur . - p.183-192.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-2 (February 2015) . - p.183-192
Mots-clés : Mothers' depressive symptoms social cognition social competence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background This study examined whether social-cognitive processes in children mediate relations between mothers' depressive symptoms across the first 3 years and children's first-grade social competence. Three maladaptive cognitions were examined: self-perceived social inadequacy, hostile attribution, and aggressive response generation. Method One thousand three hundred and sixty-four mothers reported depressive symptoms across early development, first-grade children reported target social cognitions, and children's first-grade social competence was observed and reported by multiple informants. Results Findings demonstrated that (a) mothers' average depressive symptoms from 6 to 36 months predicted children's maladaptive social cognition in first grade, (b) low mother–child responsiveness mediated this relation, and (c) maladaptive social cognition mediated relations between mothers' early depressive symptoms and low first-grade social competence independent of later depressive symptoms. Conclusion When mothers' depressive symptoms occur early in development, they may set in motion low-responsive dyadic patterns that promote children's maladaptive social cognition and, as a result, low social competence. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12297 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259