[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1153-1154

Titre :	translational research in practice
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Tom O'CONNOR, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1153-1154
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Readers will now be familiar with the notion of ‘translational research’. According to its generally acknowledged progenitor, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the US, this is a kind of research agenda focused on translating or applying the research findings from basic/preclinical studies to human studies and perhaps most especially treatment trials; and, the translation of clinical research findings to the community so that evidence-based best practice is adopted.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12163
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] translational research in practice [texte imprimé] / Tom O'CONNOR, Auteur . - p.1153-1154.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1153-1154

Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Readers will now be familiar with the notion of ‘translational research’. According to its generally acknowledged progenitor, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the US, this is a kind of research agenda focused on translating or applying the research findings from basic/preclinical studies to human studies and perhaps most especially treatment trials; and, the translation of clinical research findings to the community so that evidence-based best practice is adopted.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12163
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1155-1175

Titre :	Practitioner Review: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders and the at-risk mental state for psychosis in children and adolescents – evidence-based management approaches
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Paul A. TIFFIN, Auteur ; Patrick WELSH, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1155-1175
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Schizophrenia  psychosis  risk syndrome  prodrome  early recognition
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are severe mental illnesses which often result in significant distress and disability. Attempts have been made to prospectively identify and treat young people viewed as at high risk of impending nonaffective psychosis. Once a schizophrenia spectrum disorder has developed, prompt identification and management is required. Methods This article reviews the literature relating to the assessment and management of ‘at-risk mental states’ (ARMS) and the treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in children and adolescents. A systematic search of the literature was undertaken using EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO databases for the period January 1970–December 2012. Results Evidence suggests that young people fulfilling the ARMS criteria are at high risk of adverse mental health outcomes but that the majority do not develop nonaffective psychosis over the medium term. Although clinical trial findings have been inconsistent, psychosocial approaches, such as cognitive behaviour therapy, may reduce the risk of transition to psychosis and improve some symptoms, at least over the short term. The effectiveness of psychotropic medication for the ARMS is uncertain although there is accumulating evidence for potential adverse effects of antipsychotic medication, even at low dose, in this population. For the schizophrenias, clinical trial findings suggest that, as in adults, antipsychotics should be selected on the basis of side-effect profile although clozapine may be helpful in treatment refractory illness. There are almost no studies of psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia in young people under 18, and some caution must be exercised when extrapolating the findings of adult studies to younger individuals. Conclusions A stepped care approach to the ARMS in young people represents a plausible potential management approach for those at high risk of serious mental health problems. However, predictive models currently lack precision and should focus on accurately identifying those at high risk for a variety of poor outcomes who may benefit most from intervention. There is also an urgent need for age-specific research in the area of psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with schizophrenia.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12136
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] Practitioner Review: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders and the at-risk mental state for psychosis in children and adolescents – evidence-based management approaches [texte imprimé] / Paul A. TIFFIN, Auteur ; Patrick WELSH, Auteur . - p.1155-1175.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1155-1175

Mots-clés :	Schizophrenia  psychosis  risk syndrome  prodrome  early recognition
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are severe mental illnesses which often result in significant distress and disability. Attempts have been made to prospectively identify and treat young people viewed as at high risk of impending nonaffective psychosis. Once a schizophrenia spectrum disorder has developed, prompt identification and management is required. Methods This article reviews the literature relating to the assessment and management of ‘at-risk mental states’ (ARMS) and the treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in children and adolescents. A systematic search of the literature was undertaken using EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO databases for the period January 1970–December 2012. Results Evidence suggests that young people fulfilling the ARMS criteria are at high risk of adverse mental health outcomes but that the majority do not develop nonaffective psychosis over the medium term. Although clinical trial findings have been inconsistent, psychosocial approaches, such as cognitive behaviour therapy, may reduce the risk of transition to psychosis and improve some symptoms, at least over the short term. The effectiveness of psychotropic medication for the ARMS is uncertain although there is accumulating evidence for potential adverse effects of antipsychotic medication, even at low dose, in this population. For the schizophrenias, clinical trial findings suggest that, as in adults, antipsychotics should be selected on the basis of side-effect profile although clozapine may be helpful in treatment refractory illness. There are almost no studies of psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia in young people under 18, and some caution must be exercised when extrapolating the findings of adult studies to younger individuals. Conclusions A stepped care approach to the ARMS in young people represents a plausible potential management approach for those at high risk of serious mental health problems. However, predictive models currently lack precision and should focus on accurately identifying those at high risk for a variety of poor outcomes who may benefit most from intervention. There is also an urgent need for age-specific research in the area of psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with schizophrenia.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12136
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1176-1185

Titre :	Exploring anxiety symptoms in a large-scale twin study of children with autism spectrum disorders, their co-twins and controls
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Catherine S. AMES, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Fruhling RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Lawrence SCAHILL, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1176-1185
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Autism spectrum disorders  anxiety  twin  siblings  comorbidity
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Although many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulties with anxiety, the manifestation of these difficulties remains unresolved. The current study assessed anxiety in a large population-based twin sample, aged 10–15 years. Phenotypic analyses were used to explore anxiety symptoms in children with ASDs, their unaffected co-twins and a control sample. Methods Participants included 146 families from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) where one or both children had a suspected ASD. Eighty control families were also included. The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression scale (Chorpita, Yim, Moffitt, Umemoto Francis, 2000) was completed (self- and parent-report), along with diagnostic and cognitive tests. Children were categorized into four groups (a) ASD (b) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP: mainly co-twins of children with ASDs, with high subclinical autistic traits) (c) unaffected co-twins (with neither ASDs nor BAP) (d) controls. Results Children in the ASD and BAP groups scored significantly higher than controls for all parent-rated (although not child-rated) anxiety subscales. There were no significant differences between the ASD and BAP groups for any of the parent-rated anxiety subscales. Compared with controls, unaffected co-twins showed significantly heightened Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety, and Panic symptoms. Significant associations were observed between certain anxiety subscales and both IQ and ASD symptoms. For example, greater parent-rated Social Anxiety was associated with higher IQ and increased social and communicative impairments. Significant interrater correlations were observed for anxiety reports in children with ASDs (r = .27–.54; p .01), their unaffected co-twins (r = .32–.63; p .01) and controls (r = .23–.43; p .01) suggesting that children in this sample with and without ASD symptoms were able to report on their anxiety symptoms with some accuracy. Conclusions These findings support previous reports of heightened anxiety in children with ASDs, at least on parent-reported measures. Unaffected co-twins of children with ASDs also showed increased anxiety, generating questions about the potential etiological overlap between ASDs and anxiety. Progress in this area now depends on more refined anxiety measurement in ASDs and continued investigation of interrater differences.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12068
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] Exploring anxiety symptoms in a large-scale twin study of children with autism spectrum disorders, their co-twins and controls [texte imprimé] / Victoria HALLETT, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Emma COLVERT, Auteur ; Catherine S. AMES, Auteur ; Emma WOODHOUSE, Auteur ; Stephanie LIETZ, Auteur ; Tracy GARNETT, Auteur ; Nicola GILLAN, Auteur ; Fruhling RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Lawrence SCAHILL, Auteur ; Patrick BOLTON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - p.1176-1185.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1176-1185

Mots-clés :	Autism spectrum disorders  anxiety  twin  siblings  comorbidity
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Although many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulties with anxiety, the manifestation of these difficulties remains unresolved. The current study assessed anxiety in a large population-based twin sample, aged 10–15 years. Phenotypic analyses were used to explore anxiety symptoms in children with ASDs, their unaffected co-twins and a control sample. Methods Participants included 146 families from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) where one or both children had a suspected ASD. Eighty control families were also included. The Revised Child Anxiety and Depression scale (Chorpita, Yim, Moffitt, Umemoto Francis, 2000) was completed (self- and parent-report), along with diagnostic and cognitive tests. Children were categorized into four groups (a) ASD (b) Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP: mainly co-twins of children with ASDs, with high subclinical autistic traits) (c) unaffected co-twins (with neither ASDs nor BAP) (d) controls. Results Children in the ASD and BAP groups scored significantly higher than controls for all parent-rated (although not child-rated) anxiety subscales. There were no significant differences between the ASD and BAP groups for any of the parent-rated anxiety subscales. Compared with controls, unaffected co-twins showed significantly heightened Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety, and Panic symptoms. Significant associations were observed between certain anxiety subscales and both IQ and ASD symptoms. For example, greater parent-rated Social Anxiety was associated with higher IQ and increased social and communicative impairments. Significant interrater correlations were observed for anxiety reports in children with ASDs (r = .27–.54; p .01), their unaffected co-twins (r = .32–.63; p .01) and controls (r = .23–.43; p .01) suggesting that children in this sample with and without ASD symptoms were able to report on their anxiety symptoms with some accuracy. Conclusions These findings support previous reports of heightened anxiety in children with ASDs, at least on parent-reported measures. Unaffected co-twins of children with ASDs also showed increased anxiety, generating questions about the potential etiological overlap between ASDs and anxiety. Progress in this area now depends on more refined anxiety measurement in ASDs and continued investigation of interrater differences.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12068
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1186-1197

Titre :	Social communication disorder outside autism? A diagnostic classification approach to delineating pragmatic language impairment, high functioning autism and specific language impairment
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Jenny GIBSON, Auteur ; Catherine ADAMS, Auteur ; Elaine LOCKTON, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1186-1197
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Social communication disorder  high functioning autism  language impairment  pragmatics  restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests  social functioning  diagnosis
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Developmental disorders of language and communication present considerable diagnostic challenges due to overlapping of symptomatology and uncertain aetiology. We aimed to further elucidate the behavioural and linguistic profile associated with impairments of social communication occurring outside of an autism diagnosis. Methods Six to eleven year olds diagnosed with pragmatic language impairment (PLI), high functioning autism (HFA) or specific language impairment (SLI) were compared on measures of social interaction with peers (PI), restricted and repetitive behaviours/interests (RRBIs) and language ability. Odds ratios (OR) from a multinomial logistic regression were used to determine the importance of each measure to diagnostic grouping. MANOVA was used to investigate differences in subscale scores for the PI measure. Results Greater degrees of PI difficulties (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05–1.41), RRBI (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.06–1.42) and expressive language ability (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03–1.30) discriminated HFA from PLI. PLI was differentiated from SLI by elevated PI difficulties (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70–0.96) and higher expressive language ability (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.77–0.98), but indistinguishable from SLI using RRBI (OR = 1.01, 95% CI=0.94–1.09). A significant effect of group on PI subscales was observed (? = 1.38, F(4, 56) = 19.26, p .01) and PLI and HFA groups shared a similar PI subscale profile. Conclusions Results provide empirical support for a conceptualisation of PLI as a developmental impairment distinguishable from HFA by absence of RRBIs and by the presence of expressive language difficulties. PI difficulties appear elevated in PLI compared with SLI, but may be less pervasive than in HFA. Findings are discussed with reference to the proposed new category of ‘social communication disorder’ in DSM-5.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12079
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] Social communication disorder outside autism? A diagnostic classification approach to delineating pragmatic language impairment, high functioning autism and specific language impairment [texte imprimé] / Jenny GIBSON, Auteur ; Catherine ADAMS, Auteur ; Elaine LOCKTON, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur . - p.1186-1197.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1186-1197

Mots-clés :	Social communication disorder  high functioning autism  language impairment  pragmatics  restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests  social functioning  diagnosis
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Developmental disorders of language and communication present considerable diagnostic challenges due to overlapping of symptomatology and uncertain aetiology. We aimed to further elucidate the behavioural and linguistic profile associated with impairments of social communication occurring outside of an autism diagnosis. Methods Six to eleven year olds diagnosed with pragmatic language impairment (PLI), high functioning autism (HFA) or specific language impairment (SLI) were compared on measures of social interaction with peers (PI), restricted and repetitive behaviours/interests (RRBIs) and language ability. Odds ratios (OR) from a multinomial logistic regression were used to determine the importance of each measure to diagnostic grouping. MANOVA was used to investigate differences in subscale scores for the PI measure. Results Greater degrees of PI difficulties (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05–1.41), RRBI (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.06–1.42) and expressive language ability (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03–1.30) discriminated HFA from PLI. PLI was differentiated from SLI by elevated PI difficulties (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70–0.96) and higher expressive language ability (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.77–0.98), but indistinguishable from SLI using RRBI (OR = 1.01, 95% CI=0.94–1.09). A significant effect of group on PI subscales was observed (? = 1.38, F(4, 56) = 19.26, p .01) and PLI and HFA groups shared a similar PI subscale profile. Conclusions Results provide empirical support for a conceptualisation of PLI as a developmental impairment distinguishable from HFA by absence of RRBIs and by the presence of expressive language difficulties. PI difficulties appear elevated in PLI compared with SLI, but may be less pervasive than in HFA. Findings are discussed with reference to the proposed new category of ‘social communication disorder’ in DSM-5.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12079
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1198-1207

Titre :	Relation of symptom-induced impairment with other illness parameters in clinic-referred youth
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Kenneth D. GADOW, Auteur ; Aaron J. KAAT, Auteur ; Luc LECAVALIER, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1198-1207
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Psychiatric disorder  impairment  diagnosis  children  ADHD
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Objective To examine the relation of caregiver ratings of psychiatric symptom-induced impairment with number and severity of symptoms and informant agreement in consecutive child psychiatry outpatient referrals. Methods Parents and teachers completed a broadband DSM-IV-referenced rating scale with disorder-specific impairment for 636 youth (6–18 years). Illness parameters included impairment, number and severity of symptoms, and their combination (symptom + impairment) as well as categorical (cut-off) and dimensional scoring. Results Agreement between impairment and other illness parameters showed considerable variation as a function of type of parameter, disorder, and informant, but to lesser extent age and gender. Many youth who met impairment cut-off for specific disorders did not meet symptom cut-off. Conversely, most youth who met symptom cut-off were impaired. Symptom cut-off evidenced greater convergence with impairment cut-off than combined symptom + impairment cut-offs. Severity of impairment was moderately to highly correlated with number and severity of symptoms. Parents' and teachers' ratings indicated little disorder-specific agreement about youth who met impairment cut-off, symptom cut-off, or combined symptom + impairment cut-off. Therefore, sole reliance on one informant greatly underestimates the pervasiveness of impairment. Conclusion Findings are consistent with the notion that each illness parameter represents a unique conceptual construct, which has important clinical and research implications.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12077
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] Relation of symptom-induced impairment with other illness parameters in clinic-referred youth [texte imprimé] / Kenneth D. GADOW, Auteur ; Aaron J. KAAT, Auteur ; Luc LECAVALIER, Auteur . - p.1198-1207.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1198-1207

Mots-clés :	Psychiatric disorder  impairment  diagnosis  children  ADHD
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Objective To examine the relation of caregiver ratings of psychiatric symptom-induced impairment with number and severity of symptoms and informant agreement in consecutive child psychiatry outpatient referrals. Methods Parents and teachers completed a broadband DSM-IV-referenced rating scale with disorder-specific impairment for 636 youth (6–18 years). Illness parameters included impairment, number and severity of symptoms, and their combination (symptom + impairment) as well as categorical (cut-off) and dimensional scoring. Results Agreement between impairment and other illness parameters showed considerable variation as a function of type of parameter, disorder, and informant, but to lesser extent age and gender. Many youth who met impairment cut-off for specific disorders did not meet symptom cut-off. Conversely, most youth who met symptom cut-off were impaired. Symptom cut-off evidenced greater convergence with impairment cut-off than combined symptom + impairment cut-offs. Severity of impairment was moderately to highly correlated with number and severity of symptoms. Parents' and teachers' ratings indicated little disorder-specific agreement about youth who met impairment cut-off, symptom cut-off, or combined symptom + impairment cut-off. Therefore, sole reliance on one informant greatly underestimates the pervasiveness of impairment. Conclusion Findings are consistent with the notion that each illness parameter represents a unique conceptual construct, which has important clinical and research implications.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12077
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1208-1214

Titre :	Asthma and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide population-based prospective cohort study
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Mu-Hong CHEN, Auteur ; Tung-Ping SU, Auteur ; Ying-Sheue CHEN, Auteur ; Ju-Wei HSU, Auteur ; Kai-Lin HUANG, Auteur ; Wen-Han CHANG, Auteur ; Tzeng-Ji CHEN, Auteur ; Ya-Mei BAI, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1208-1214
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  asthma  infanthood  childhood
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Previous cross-sectional studies have suggested an association between asthma and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the temporal relationship was not determined. Using a nationwide population-based prospective case–control cohort study (1:4, age-/gender-matched), we hypothesized that asthma in infanthood or early childhood would increase the risk of ADHD in later life. Methods In all, 2,294 children with asthma and 9,176 controls aged between 0 and 3 years in 2000 were included in our study. Cases of ADHD that occurred to the end of follow-up (31 December 2010) were identified. Results Children with asthma had a higher incidence of developing ADHD (7% vs. 4.6%, p .001) than control cohort during the follow-up period. After adjusting for age at enrollment, gender, level of urbanization, and comorbid allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis), children with asthma had an elevated risk (HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.07–1.59) of developing ADHD compared with control group. Discussion Our prospective study supported a temporal relationship between asthma and ADHD. Asthma in very early life increased the risk of developing ADHD during the school years. Further studies are required to investigate whether the prompt treatment of asthma and comorbid allergic diseases could prevent the development of ADHD or decrease ADHD symptoms.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12087
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] Asthma and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide population-based prospective cohort study [texte imprimé] / Mu-Hong CHEN, Auteur ; Tung-Ping SU, Auteur ; Ying-Sheue CHEN, Auteur ; Ju-Wei HSU, Auteur ; Kai-Lin HUANG, Auteur ; Wen-Han CHANG, Auteur ; Tzeng-Ji CHEN, Auteur ; Ya-Mei BAI, Auteur . - p.1208-1214.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1208-1214

Mots-clés :	Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  asthma  infanthood  childhood
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Previous cross-sectional studies have suggested an association between asthma and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the temporal relationship was not determined. Using a nationwide population-based prospective case–control cohort study (1:4, age-/gender-matched), we hypothesized that asthma in infanthood or early childhood would increase the risk of ADHD in later life. Methods In all, 2,294 children with asthma and 9,176 controls aged between 0 and 3 years in 2000 were included in our study. Cases of ADHD that occurred to the end of follow-up (31 December 2010) were identified. Results Children with asthma had a higher incidence of developing ADHD (7% vs. 4.6%, p .001) than control cohort during the follow-up period. After adjusting for age at enrollment, gender, level of urbanization, and comorbid allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis), children with asthma had an elevated risk (HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.07–1.59) of developing ADHD compared with control group. Discussion Our prospective study supported a temporal relationship between asthma and ADHD. Asthma in very early life increased the risk of developing ADHD during the school years. Further studies are required to investigate whether the prompt treatment of asthma and comorbid allergic diseases could prevent the development of ADHD or decrease ADHD symptoms.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12087
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2172

[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1215-1222

Titre :	The British Chinese Adoption Study: orphanage care, adoption and mid-life outcomes
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Alan RUSHTON, Auteur ; Margaret GRANT, Auteur ; Julia FEAST, Auteur ; John SIMMONDS, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1215-1222
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Orphanage care  international adoption  long-term follow-up  adult outcomes
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background While studies of ex-orphanage care show adverse effects on development, the longer-term impact on mid-life psychosocial functioning and physical health has not been established. Methods Orphanage records provided baseline data on a sample of 100 Hong Kong Chinese girls who were subsequently adopted into the UK. A mid-life follow-up using standardised questionnaires and face-to-face interviews assessed current circumstances, life satisfaction and mental and physical health outcomes. Comparisons were made with age-matched UK-born adopted and nonadopted women. Results Half the group spent between 1 and 2 years in orphanages, average age at adoptive placement was 23 months and 72% participated in the follow-up. Despite this poor early start, mid-life outcomes were commensurate with the comparison groups in terms of mental and physical health measures. Serious psychiatric and social difficulties were largely absent. Although the timing and extent of exposure to orphanage care did not influence outcome, participants' reports of poorer quality adoptive family experience and a negative view of their adoption were significantly associated with poorer mental health outcomes (difference in means = 0.76, 95% CI 1.33–0.19, p = .01; difference in means = 1.2, 95% CI 0.68–1.73, p = .01, respectively). Conclusions Moderately depriving orphanage care did not predict enduring adverse consequences in mid-life but subsequent poor adoption experience was associated with outcome.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12088
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2173

[article] The British Chinese Adoption Study: orphanage care, adoption and mid-life outcomes [texte imprimé] / Alan RUSHTON, Auteur ; Margaret GRANT, Auteur ; Julia FEAST, Auteur ; John SIMMONDS, Auteur . - p.1215-1222.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1215-1222

Mots-clés :	Orphanage care  international adoption  long-term follow-up  adult outcomes
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background While studies of ex-orphanage care show adverse effects on development, the longer-term impact on mid-life psychosocial functioning and physical health has not been established. Methods Orphanage records provided baseline data on a sample of 100 Hong Kong Chinese girls who were subsequently adopted into the UK. A mid-life follow-up using standardised questionnaires and face-to-face interviews assessed current circumstances, life satisfaction and mental and physical health outcomes. Comparisons were made with age-matched UK-born adopted and nonadopted women. Results Half the group spent between 1 and 2 years in orphanages, average age at adoptive placement was 23 months and 72% participated in the follow-up. Despite this poor early start, mid-life outcomes were commensurate with the comparison groups in terms of mental and physical health measures. Serious psychiatric and social difficulties were largely absent. Although the timing and extent of exposure to orphanage care did not influence outcome, participants' reports of poorer quality adoptive family experience and a negative view of their adoption were significantly associated with poorer mental health outcomes (difference in means = 0.76, 95% CI 1.33–0.19, p = .01; difference in means = 1.2, 95% CI 0.68–1.73, p = .01, respectively). Conclusions Moderately depriving orphanage care did not predict enduring adverse consequences in mid-life but subsequent poor adoption experience was associated with outcome.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12088
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2173

[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1223-1230

Titre :	Genetic contributions to continuity and change in attachment security: a prospective, longitudinal investigation from infancy to young adulthood
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	K. LEE Raby, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. CARLSON, Auteur ; Byron EGELAND, Auteur ; Andrew W. COLLINS, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1223-1230
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Attachment  continuity  development  genetics
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Longitudinal research has demonstrated that individual differences in attachment security show only modest continuity from infancy to adulthood. Recent findings based on retrospective reports suggest that individuals' genetic variation may moderate the developmental associations between early attachment–relevant relationship experiences and adult attachment security. The purpose of this study was to use a prospective, longitudinal design to investigate genetic contributions to continuity and changes in attachment security from infancy to young adulthood in a higher risk sample. Methods Infant attachment security was assessed using the Strange Situation Procedure at 12 and 18 months. Adults' general attachment representations were assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview at ages 19 and 26. Romantic attachment representations were assessed with the Current Relationship Interview (CRI) at ages 20–21 and ages 26–28. Individuals were genotyped for variants within the oxytocin receptor (OXTR), dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4), and serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) . Results The continuity of attachment security from infancy into young adulthood was consistently moderated by OXTR genetic variation. Infant attachment security predicted the security of adults' general and romantic attachment representations only for individuals with the OXTR G/G genotype. This interaction was significant when predicting adult attachment security as measured by the Adult Attachment Interview at ages 19 and 26 and the CRI at ages 26–28. Dopamine D4 receptor and 5-HTTLPR genetic variation did not consistently moderate the longitudinal associations between attachment security during infancy and adulthood. Conclusions This study provides initial longitudinal evidence for genetic contributions to continuity and change in attachment security from infancy to young adulthood. Genetic variation related to the oxytocin system may moderate the stability of attachment security across development.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12093
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[article] Genetic contributions to continuity and change in attachment security: a prospective, longitudinal investigation from infancy to young adulthood [texte imprimé] / K. LEE Raby, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. CARLSON, Auteur ; Byron EGELAND, Auteur ; Andrew W. COLLINS, Auteur . - p.1223-1230.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1223-1230

Mots-clés :	Attachment  continuity  development  genetics
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Longitudinal research has demonstrated that individual differences in attachment security show only modest continuity from infancy to adulthood. Recent findings based on retrospective reports suggest that individuals' genetic variation may moderate the developmental associations between early attachment–relevant relationship experiences and adult attachment security. The purpose of this study was to use a prospective, longitudinal design to investigate genetic contributions to continuity and changes in attachment security from infancy to young adulthood in a higher risk sample. Methods Infant attachment security was assessed using the Strange Situation Procedure at 12 and 18 months. Adults' general attachment representations were assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview at ages 19 and 26. Romantic attachment representations were assessed with the Current Relationship Interview (CRI) at ages 20–21 and ages 26–28. Individuals were genotyped for variants within the oxytocin receptor (OXTR), dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4), and serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) . Results The continuity of attachment security from infancy into young adulthood was consistently moderated by OXTR genetic variation. Infant attachment security predicted the security of adults' general and romantic attachment representations only for individuals with the OXTR G/G genotype. This interaction was significant when predicting adult attachment security as measured by the Adult Attachment Interview at ages 19 and 26 and the CRI at ages 26–28. Dopamine D4 receptor and 5-HTTLPR genetic variation did not consistently moderate the longitudinal associations between attachment security during infancy and adulthood. Conclusions This study provides initial longitudinal evidence for genetic contributions to continuity and change in attachment security from infancy to young adulthood. Genetic variation related to the oxytocin system may moderate the stability of attachment security across development.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12093
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[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1231-1241

Titre :	Group trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy with former child soldiers and other war-affected boys in the DR Congo: a randomised controlled trial
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	John MCMULLEN, Auteur ; Paul O'CALLAGHAN, Auteur ; Ciaran SHANNON, Auteur ; Alastair BLACK, Auteur ; John EAKIN, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1231-1241
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Children  group  posttraumatic stress  psychosocial distress  therapy  war
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been home to the world's deadliest conflict since World War II and is reported to have the largest number of child soldiers in the world. Despite evidence of the debilitating impact of war, no group-based mental health or psychosocial intervention has been evaluated in a randomised controlled trial for psychologically distressed former child soldiers. Method A randomised controlled trial involving 50 boys, aged 13–17, including former child soldiers (n = 39) and other war-affected boys (n = 11). They were randomly assigned to an intervention group, or wait-list control group. The intervention group received a 15-session, group-based, culturally adapted Trauma-Focused Cognitive–Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) intervention. Assessment interviews were completed at baseline, postintervention and 3-month follow-up (intervention group). Results Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated that, in comparison to the wait-list control group, the TF-CBT intervention group had highly significant reductions in posttraumatic stress symptoms, overall psychosocial distress, depression or anxiety-like symptoms, conduct problems and a significant increase in prosocial behaviour (p .001 for all). Effect sizes were higher when former child soldier scores were separated for sub-analysis. Three-month follow-up of the intervention group found that treatment gains were maintained. Conclusions A culturally modified, group-based TF-CBT intervention was effective in reducing posttraumatic stress and psychosocial distress in former child soldiers and other war-affected boys.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12094
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[article] Group trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy with former child soldiers and other war-affected boys in the DR Congo: a randomised controlled trial [texte imprimé] / John MCMULLEN, Auteur ; Paul O'CALLAGHAN, Auteur ; Ciaran SHANNON, Auteur ; Alastair BLACK, Auteur ; John EAKIN, Auteur . - p.1231-1241.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1231-1241

Mots-clés :	Children  group  posttraumatic stress  psychosocial distress  therapy  war
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been home to the world's deadliest conflict since World War II and is reported to have the largest number of child soldiers in the world. Despite evidence of the debilitating impact of war, no group-based mental health or psychosocial intervention has been evaluated in a randomised controlled trial for psychologically distressed former child soldiers. Method A randomised controlled trial involving 50 boys, aged 13–17, including former child soldiers (n = 39) and other war-affected boys (n = 11). They were randomly assigned to an intervention group, or wait-list control group. The intervention group received a 15-session, group-based, culturally adapted Trauma-Focused Cognitive–Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) intervention. Assessment interviews were completed at baseline, postintervention and 3-month follow-up (intervention group). Results Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated that, in comparison to the wait-list control group, the TF-CBT intervention group had highly significant reductions in posttraumatic stress symptoms, overall psychosocial distress, depression or anxiety-like symptoms, conduct problems and a significant increase in prosocial behaviour (p .001 for all). Effect sizes were higher when former child soldier scores were separated for sub-analysis. Three-month follow-up of the intervention group found that treatment gains were maintained. Conclusions A culturally modified, group-based TF-CBT intervention was effective in reducing posttraumatic stress and psychosocial distress in former child soldiers and other war-affected boys.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12094
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[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1242-1250

Titre :	Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder: who will get a DSM-5 diagnosis?
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Rachel G. KENT, Auteur ; Sarah J. CARRINGTON, Auteur ; Ann LE COUTEUR, Auteur ; Judith GOULD, Auteur ; Lorna WING, Auteur ; Jarymke MALJAARS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Ina VAN BERCKELAER-ONNES, Auteur ; Susan R. LEEKAM, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1242-1250
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	DSM-5  diagnosis  ASD  DISCO
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Introduction of proposed criteria for DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has raised concerns that some individuals currently meeting diagnostic criteria for Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD; DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10) will not qualify for a diagnosis under the proposed changes. To date, reports of sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria have been inconsistent across studies. No study has yet considered how changes at the ‘sub domain’ level might affect overall sensitivity and specificity, and few have included individuals of different ages and ability levels. Methods A set of DSM-5 ASD algorithms were developed using items from the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO). The number of items required for each DSM-5 subdomain was defined either according to criteria specified by DSM-5 (Initial Algorithm), a statistical approach (Youden J Algorithm), or to minimise the number of false positives while maximising sensitivity (Modified Algorithm). The algorithms were designed, tested and compared in two independent samples (Sample 1, N = 82; Sample 2, N = 115), while sensitivity was assessed across age and ability levels in an additional dataset of individuals with an ICD-10 PDD diagnosis (Sample 3, N = 190). Results Sensitivity was highest in the Initial Algorithm, which had the poorest specificity. Although Youden J had excellent specificity, sensitivity was significantly lower than in the Modified Algorithm, which had both good sensitivity and specificity. Relaxing the domain A rules improved sensitivity of the Youden J Algorithm, but it remained less sensitive than the Modified Algorithm. Moreover, this was the only algorithm with variable sensitivity across age. All versions of the algorithm performed well across ability level. Conclusions This study demonstrates that good levels of both sensitivity and specificity can be achieved for a diagnostic algorithm adhering to the DSM-5 criteria that is suitable across age and ability level.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12085
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[article] Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder: who will get a DSM-5 diagnosis? [texte imprimé] / Rachel G. KENT, Auteur ; Sarah J. CARRINGTON, Auteur ; Ann LE COUTEUR, Auteur ; Judith GOULD, Auteur ; Lorna WING, Auteur ; Jarymke MALJAARS, Auteur ; Ilse NOENS, Auteur ; Ina VAN BERCKELAER-ONNES, Auteur ; Susan R. LEEKAM, Auteur . - p.1242-1250.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1242-1250

Mots-clés :	DSM-5  diagnosis  ASD  DISCO
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Introduction of proposed criteria for DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has raised concerns that some individuals currently meeting diagnostic criteria for Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD; DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10) will not qualify for a diagnosis under the proposed changes. To date, reports of sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria have been inconsistent across studies. No study has yet considered how changes at the ‘sub domain’ level might affect overall sensitivity and specificity, and few have included individuals of different ages and ability levels. Methods A set of DSM-5 ASD algorithms were developed using items from the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO). The number of items required for each DSM-5 subdomain was defined either according to criteria specified by DSM-5 (Initial Algorithm), a statistical approach (Youden J Algorithm), or to minimise the number of false positives while maximising sensitivity (Modified Algorithm). The algorithms were designed, tested and compared in two independent samples (Sample 1, N = 82; Sample 2, N = 115), while sensitivity was assessed across age and ability levels in an additional dataset of individuals with an ICD-10 PDD diagnosis (Sample 3, N = 190). Results Sensitivity was highest in the Initial Algorithm, which had the poorest specificity. Although Youden J had excellent specificity, sensitivity was significantly lower than in the Modified Algorithm, which had both good sensitivity and specificity. Relaxing the domain A rules improved sensitivity of the Youden J Algorithm, but it remained less sensitive than the Modified Algorithm. Moreover, this was the only algorithm with variable sensitivity across age. All versions of the algorithm performed well across ability level. Conclusions This study demonstrates that good levels of both sensitivity and specificity can be achieved for a diagnostic algorithm adhering to the DSM-5 criteria that is suitable across age and ability level.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12085
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[article] 
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1251-1260

Titre :	Children's callous-unemotional traits moderate links between their positive relationships with parents at preschool age and externalizing behavior problems at early school age
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur ; Lea J. BOLDT, Auteur ; Jeung Eun YOON, Auteur
Article en page(s) :	p.1251-1260
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Callous-unemotional traits  positive parent–child relationships  externalizing behavior problems
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Growing research on children's traits as moderators of links between parenting and developmental outcomes has shown that variations in positivity, warmth, or responsiveness in parent–child relationships are particularly consequential for temperamentally difficult or biologically vulnerable children. But very few studies have addressed the moderating role of children's callous-unemotional (CU) traits, a known serious risk factor for antisocial cascades. We examined children's CU traits as moderators of links between parent–child Mutually Responsive Orientation (MRO) and shared positive affect and future externalizing behavior problems. Methods Participants included 100 two-parent community families of normally developing children, followed longitudinally. MRO and shared positive affect in mother–child and father–child dyads were observed in lengthy, diverse naturalistic contexts when children were 38 and 52 months. Both parents rated children's CU traits at 67 months and their externalizing behavior problems (Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder) at 67, 80, and 100 months. Results Children's CU traits moderated links between early positive parent–child relationships and children's future externalizing behavior problems, even after controlling for strong continuity of those problems. For children with elevated CU traits, higher mother–child MRO and father–child shared positive affect predicted a decrease in mother-reported future behavior problems. There were no significant associations for children with relatively lower CU scores. Conclusions Positive qualities for early relationships, potentially different for mother–child and father–child dyads, can serve as potent factors that decrease probability of antisocial developmental cascades for children who are at risk due to elevated CU traits.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12084
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[article] Children's callous-unemotional traits moderate links between their positive relationships with parents at preschool age and externalizing behavior problems at early school age [texte imprimé] / Grazyna KOCHANSKA, Auteur ; Sanghag KIM, Auteur ; Lea J. BOLDT, Auteur ; Jeung Eun YOON, Auteur . - p.1251-1260.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-11 (November 2013) . - p.1251-1260

Mots-clés :	Callous-unemotional traits  positive parent–child relationships  externalizing behavior problems
Index. décimale :	PER Périodiques
Résumé :	Background Growing research on children's traits as moderators of links between parenting and developmental outcomes has shown that variations in positivity, warmth, or responsiveness in parent–child relationships are particularly consequential for temperamentally difficult or biologically vulnerable children. But very few studies have addressed the moderating role of children's callous-unemotional (CU) traits, a known serious risk factor for antisocial cascades. We examined children's CU traits as moderators of links between parent–child Mutually Responsive Orientation (MRO) and shared positive affect and future externalizing behavior problems. Methods Participants included 100 two-parent community families of normally developing children, followed longitudinally. MRO and shared positive affect in mother–child and father–child dyads were observed in lengthy, diverse naturalistic contexts when children were 38 and 52 months. Both parents rated children's CU traits at 67 months and their externalizing behavior problems (Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder) at 67, 80, and 100 months. Results Children's CU traits moderated links between early positive parent–child relationships and children's future externalizing behavior problems, even after controlling for strong continuity of those problems. For children with elevated CU traits, higher mother–child MRO and father–child shared positive affect predicted a decrease in mother-reported future behavior problems. There were no significant associations for children with relatively lower CU scores. Conclusions Positive qualities for early relationships, potentially different for mother–child and father–child dyads, can serve as potent factors that decrease probability of antisocial developmental cascades for children who are at risk due to elevated CU traits.
En ligne :	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12084
Permalink :	http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2173