Centre d'Information et de documentation du CRA Rhône-Alpes
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Mention de date : July 2010
Paru le : 01/07/2010 |
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[n° ou bulletin]
51-7 - July 2010 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2010. Langues : Anglais (eng)
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Dépouillements
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierEditorial: Identifying the genetic and environmental influences on psychological / Stephen A. PETRILL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Editorial: Identifying the genetic and environmental influences on psychological Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.745-746 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02275 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.745-746[article] Editorial: Identifying the genetic and environmental influences on psychological [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen A. PETRILL, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.745-746.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.745-746
Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02275 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Loneliness in adolescence: gene × environment interactions involving the serotonin transporter gene / Eeske VAN ROEKEL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Loneliness in adolescence: gene × environment interactions involving the serotonin transporter gene Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eeske VAN ROEKEL, Auteur ; Rutger C.M.E. ENGELS, Auteur ; Ron H. J. SCHOLTE, Auteur ; Luc GOOSSENS, Auteur ; Maaike VERHAGEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.747-754 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Loneliness serotonin-transporter 5-HTTLPR parental-support gene–environment-interaction adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Loneliness is assumed to peak in early adolescence and to decrease throughout middle and late adolescence, but longitudinal confirmation of this tendency is lacking. Behavioral genetic studies with twin designs have found a significant genetic component for loneliness in children and adults, but no molecular genetic studies have been conducted to reveal the functional polymorphisms involved.
Methods: Associations among the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), sex, parental support, and loneliness were examined in a longitudinal study spanning five annual waves (N = 306).
Results: Using latent growth curve modeling (LGCM), loneliness was found to be highest in early adolescence and slowly declined throughout adolescence. The 5-HTTLPR genotype was related to the development of loneliness, in that short allele carriers remained stable in loneliness over time, whereas adolescents with the long-long genotype decreased in loneliness. Interactions were found between maternal support and 5-HTTLPR genotype, showing that adolescents who perceived little support from their mothers and carried a short allele were at increased risk for developing loneliness.
Conclusions: Our study is the first to chart adolescent loneliness longitudinally and to examine the genetic underpinnings of loneliness. Our results contribute to a further understanding of the environmental and genetic basis of loneliness. Replication of our results is needed in both population-based and clinical samples.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02225.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.747-754[article] Loneliness in adolescence: gene × environment interactions involving the serotonin transporter gene [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eeske VAN ROEKEL, Auteur ; Rutger C.M.E. ENGELS, Auteur ; Ron H. J. SCHOLTE, Auteur ; Luc GOOSSENS, Auteur ; Maaike VERHAGEN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.747-754.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.747-754
Mots-clés : Loneliness serotonin-transporter 5-HTTLPR parental-support gene–environment-interaction adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Loneliness is assumed to peak in early adolescence and to decrease throughout middle and late adolescence, but longitudinal confirmation of this tendency is lacking. Behavioral genetic studies with twin designs have found a significant genetic component for loneliness in children and adults, but no molecular genetic studies have been conducted to reveal the functional polymorphisms involved.
Methods: Associations among the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), sex, parental support, and loneliness were examined in a longitudinal study spanning five annual waves (N = 306).
Results: Using latent growth curve modeling (LGCM), loneliness was found to be highest in early adolescence and slowly declined throughout adolescence. The 5-HTTLPR genotype was related to the development of loneliness, in that short allele carriers remained stable in loneliness over time, whereas adolescents with the long-long genotype decreased in loneliness. Interactions were found between maternal support and 5-HTTLPR genotype, showing that adolescents who perceived little support from their mothers and carried a short allele were at increased risk for developing loneliness.
Conclusions: Our study is the first to chart adolescent loneliness longitudinally and to examine the genetic underpinnings of loneliness. Our results contribute to a further understanding of the environmental and genetic basis of loneliness. Replication of our results is needed in both population-based and clinical samples.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02225.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 5HTT genotype moderates the influence of early institutional deprivation on emotional problems in adolescence: evidence from the English and Romanian Adoptee (ERA) study / Robert KUMSTA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : 5HTT genotype moderates the influence of early institutional deprivation on emotional problems in adolescence: evidence from the English and Romanian Adoptee (ERA) study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Robert KUMSTA, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Keeley-Joanne BROOKES, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.755-762 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Early-institutional-deprivation prospective-longitudinal-study gene–environment-interactions 5-HTTLPR depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: A common polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4, 5HTT) has been repeatedly shown to moderate the influence of childhood adversity and stressful life events on the development of psychopathology. Using data from the English and Romanian Adoptee Study, a prospective-longitudinal study of individuals (n = 125) exposed to severe early institutional deprivation (ID), we tested whether the effect of ID on adolescent emotional problems is moderated by 5HTT genotype and stressful life events in adolescence.
Methods: Emotional problems were assessed using questionnaire data (age 11), and on the basis of the CAPA diagnostic interview (age 15). Additionally, the number of stressful life events was measured.
Results: There was a significant effect for genotype (p = .003) and a gene × environment interaction (p = .008) that was independent of age at testing. Carriers of the s/l and s/s genotype who experienced severe ID showed the highest emotional problem scores, while l/l homozygotes in the severe ID group showed the lowest overall levels. Furthermore, s/s carriers in the severe ID group who experienced a high number of stressful life events between 11 and 15 years had the largest increases in emotional problem scores, while a low number of stressful life events was associated with the largest decrease (4-way interaction: p = .05).
Conclusions: The effects of severe early ID on emotional problems in adolescence are moderated by 5HTT genotype, and influenced by stressful life events in adolescence.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02249.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.755-762[article] 5HTT genotype moderates the influence of early institutional deprivation on emotional problems in adolescence: evidence from the English and Romanian Adoptee (ERA) study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Robert KUMSTA, Auteur ; Michael RUTTER, Auteur ; Jana KREPPNER, Auteur ; Celia BECKETT, Auteur ; Jenny CASTLE, Auteur ; Suzanne E. STEVENS, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Keeley-Joanne BROOKES, Auteur ; Wolff SCHLOTZ, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.755-762.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.755-762
Mots-clés : Early-institutional-deprivation prospective-longitudinal-study gene–environment-interactions 5-HTTLPR depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: A common polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4, 5HTT) has been repeatedly shown to moderate the influence of childhood adversity and stressful life events on the development of psychopathology. Using data from the English and Romanian Adoptee Study, a prospective-longitudinal study of individuals (n = 125) exposed to severe early institutional deprivation (ID), we tested whether the effect of ID on adolescent emotional problems is moderated by 5HTT genotype and stressful life events in adolescence.
Methods: Emotional problems were assessed using questionnaire data (age 11), and on the basis of the CAPA diagnostic interview (age 15). Additionally, the number of stressful life events was measured.
Results: There was a significant effect for genotype (p = .003) and a gene × environment interaction (p = .008) that was independent of age at testing. Carriers of the s/l and s/s genotype who experienced severe ID showed the highest emotional problem scores, while l/l homozygotes in the severe ID group showed the lowest overall levels. Furthermore, s/s carriers in the severe ID group who experienced a high number of stressful life events between 11 and 15 years had the largest increases in emotional problem scores, while a low number of stressful life events was associated with the largest decrease (4-way interaction: p = .05).
Conclusions: The effects of severe early ID on emotional problems in adolescence are moderated by 5HTT genotype, and influenced by stressful life events in adolescence.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02249.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Does religious involvement protect against early drinking? A behavior genetic approach / K. Paige HARDEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Does religious involvement protect against early drinking? A behavior genetic approach Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. Paige HARDEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.763-771 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alcohol-use age-at-first-drink religiosity behavior-genetics gene–environment-correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Adolescent involvement in religious organizations has been hypothesized to protect against early age at first drink. However, the correlation between adolescent religiosity and later age at first drink may be confounded by environmental or genetic differences between families. This study tests whether, after controlling for shared environmental and genetic confounds using a behavior genetic design, the association between individual levels of religiosity and earlier age at first drink is still evident.
Method: Twin and sibling pairs were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally-representative sample of US adolescents. Age at first drink was measured as how old adolescents were when they first had a drink of beer, wine, or liquor. Religiosity was measured using four items concerning frequency of religious activities and importance of religious beliefs. Using twins and siblings who were discordant for religiosity, analyses tested whether religious adolescents had a later age at first drink than their non-religious co-twins/co-siblings.
Results: Religious adolescents did not differ from their non-religious siblings in their mean age at first drink. Results from survival models indicate that environmental differences between families completely account for the correlation between religiosity and later age at first drink.
Conclusions: Results suggest that individual religious involvement is a proxy variable for family or cultural environments that are salient for when adolescents initiate alcohol use. Future research is needed to identify specific protective environments in religious families. These results have implications for both public policy and etiological theory.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02247.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.763-771[article] Does religious involvement protect against early drinking? A behavior genetic approach [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. Paige HARDEN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.763-771.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.763-771
Mots-clés : Alcohol-use age-at-first-drink religiosity behavior-genetics gene–environment-correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Adolescent involvement in religious organizations has been hypothesized to protect against early age at first drink. However, the correlation between adolescent religiosity and later age at first drink may be confounded by environmental or genetic differences between families. This study tests whether, after controlling for shared environmental and genetic confounds using a behavior genetic design, the association between individual levels of religiosity and earlier age at first drink is still evident.
Method: Twin and sibling pairs were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally-representative sample of US adolescents. Age at first drink was measured as how old adolescents were when they first had a drink of beer, wine, or liquor. Religiosity was measured using four items concerning frequency of religious activities and importance of religious beliefs. Using twins and siblings who were discordant for religiosity, analyses tested whether religious adolescents had a later age at first drink than their non-religious co-twins/co-siblings.
Results: Religious adolescents did not differ from their non-religious siblings in their mean age at first drink. Results from survival models indicate that environmental differences between families completely account for the correlation between religiosity and later age at first drink.
Conclusions: Results suggest that individual religious involvement is a proxy variable for family or cultural environments that are salient for when adolescents initiate alcohol use. Future research is needed to identify specific protective environments in religious families. These results have implications for both public policy and etiological theory.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02247.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Does childhood anxiety evoke maternal control? A genetically informed study / Thalia C. ELEY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Does childhood anxiety evoke maternal control? A genetically informed study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Jennifer Y.F. LAU, Auteur ; Alice M. GREGORY, Auteur ; Maria NAPOLITANO, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety maternal-control parenting twins gene–environment-correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite theoretical and empirical support for an association between maternal control and child anxiety, few studies have examined the origins of this association. Furthermore, none use observer-ratings of maternal control within a genetically informative design. This study addressed three questions: 1) do children who experience maternal control report higher anxiety levels than those who do not?; 2) to what extent do genetic and environmental factors influence maternal control and child anxiety?; 3) to what extent do genetic and environmental factors influence the associations between child anxiety and maternal control?
Method: Five hundred and thirty 8-year-old children (from 265 twin pairs) and their mothers were observed participating in an 'etch-a-sketch' task from which maternal control was rated. Children rated their anxiety using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders.
Results: Children who experienced maternal behaviour rated as 'extreme control' reported higher anxiety levels than those who did not. Maternal control was highly heritable (A = .63), high self-rated anxiety less so (h2g = .36). The overlap between high child anxiety and maternal control was primarily due to shared genetic factors.
Conclusions: These results suggest that maternal control is likely to have been elicited by children with high levels of anxiety.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02227.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010)[article] Does childhood anxiety evoke maternal control? A genetically informed study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Jennifer Y.F. LAU, Auteur ; Alice M. GREGORY, Auteur ; Maria NAPOLITANO, Auteur . - 2010.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010)
Mots-clés : Anxiety maternal-control parenting twins gene–environment-correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite theoretical and empirical support for an association between maternal control and child anxiety, few studies have examined the origins of this association. Furthermore, none use observer-ratings of maternal control within a genetically informative design. This study addressed three questions: 1) do children who experience maternal control report higher anxiety levels than those who do not?; 2) to what extent do genetic and environmental factors influence maternal control and child anxiety?; 3) to what extent do genetic and environmental factors influence the associations between child anxiety and maternal control?
Method: Five hundred and thirty 8-year-old children (from 265 twin pairs) and their mothers were observed participating in an 'etch-a-sketch' task from which maternal control was rated. Children rated their anxiety using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders.
Results: Children who experienced maternal behaviour rated as 'extreme control' reported higher anxiety levels than those who did not. Maternal control was highly heritable (A = .63), high self-rated anxiety less so (h2g = .36). The overlap between high child anxiety and maternal control was primarily due to shared genetic factors.
Conclusions: These results suggest that maternal control is likely to have been elicited by children with high levels of anxiety.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02227.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 In search of genes associated with risk for psychopathic tendencies in children: a two-stage genome-wide association study of pooled DNA / Essi VIDING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : In search of genes associated with risk for psychopathic tendencies in children: a two-stage genome-wide association study of pooled DNA Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur ; Oliver S.P. DAVIS, Auteur ; Ken B. HANSCOMBE, Auteur ; Charles J.C. CURTIS, Auteur ; Emma L. MEABURN, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.780-788 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Antisocial-behaviour psychopathy callous-unemotional-traits genome-wide genetics behavioural-genetics twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Quantitative genetic data from our group indicates that antisocial behaviour (AB) is strongly heritable when coupled with psychopathic, callous-unemotional (CU) personality traits. We have also demonstrated that the genetic influences for AB and CU overlap considerably. We conducted a genome-wide association scan that capitalises on these findings in an attempt to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that may increase risk for psychopathic tendencies (AB+/CU+).
Methods: Teacher ratings at age 7 were used to screen 8374 twins with available DNA samples for individuals that were high vs. low on both AB and CU. In Stage 1, we screened for allele frequency differences in 642,432 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the Affymetrix 6.0 GeneChip with pooled DNA for high-scoring (AB+/CU+) versus low-scoring children (N = ∼300/group). In Stage 2, we tested the 3000 most strongly associated SNPs from Stage 1 for association in the same direction in a second sample of high- versus low-scoring children from the same twin study (18% co-twins).
Results: Using allele frequencies estimated from pooled DNA, we found suggestive evidence for enrichment of association in the second stage of our two-stage genome-wide association design and focus on reporting the 30 top-ranking SNPs nominally associated with psychopathic tendencies. These SNPs include neurodevelopmental genes such as ROBO2.
Conclusions: Although none of the SNPs reached genome-wide statistical significance we have generated a list of SNPs that are potentially associated with psychopathic tendencies, which we believe warrant verification and replication in large independent and clinical samples.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02236.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.780-788[article] In search of genes associated with risk for psychopathic tendencies in children: a two-stage genome-wide association study of pooled DNA [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur ; Oliver S.P. DAVIS, Auteur ; Ken B. HANSCOMBE, Auteur ; Charles J.C. CURTIS, Auteur ; Emma L. MEABURN, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.780-788.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.780-788
Mots-clés : Antisocial-behaviour psychopathy callous-unemotional-traits genome-wide genetics behavioural-genetics twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Quantitative genetic data from our group indicates that antisocial behaviour (AB) is strongly heritable when coupled with psychopathic, callous-unemotional (CU) personality traits. We have also demonstrated that the genetic influences for AB and CU overlap considerably. We conducted a genome-wide association scan that capitalises on these findings in an attempt to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that may increase risk for psychopathic tendencies (AB+/CU+).
Methods: Teacher ratings at age 7 were used to screen 8374 twins with available DNA samples for individuals that were high vs. low on both AB and CU. In Stage 1, we screened for allele frequency differences in 642,432 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the Affymetrix 6.0 GeneChip with pooled DNA for high-scoring (AB+/CU+) versus low-scoring children (N = ∼300/group). In Stage 2, we tested the 3000 most strongly associated SNPs from Stage 1 for association in the same direction in a second sample of high- versus low-scoring children from the same twin study (18% co-twins).
Results: Using allele frequencies estimated from pooled DNA, we found suggestive evidence for enrichment of association in the second stage of our two-stage genome-wide association design and focus on reporting the 30 top-ranking SNPs nominally associated with psychopathic tendencies. These SNPs include neurodevelopmental genes such as ROBO2.
Conclusions: Although none of the SNPs reached genome-wide statistical significance we have generated a list of SNPs that are potentially associated with psychopathic tendencies, which we believe warrant verification and replication in large independent and clinical samples.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02236.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Early childhood malnutrition predicts depressive symptoms at ages 11–17 / Janina R. GALLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Early childhood malnutrition predicts depressive symptoms at ages 11–17 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Janina R. GALLER, Auteur ; Garrett FITZMAURICE, Auteur ; Deborah P. WABER, Auteur ; C.P. BRYCE, Auteur ; R.S. HOCK, Auteur ; N. EXNER, Auteur ; D. EAGLESFIELD, Auteur ; Robert H. HARRISON, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.789-798 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mood depression protein–energy-malnutrition kwashiorkor adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Barbadian youth with histories of infantile malnutrition and in a healthy comparison group and the extent to which the effect of malnutrition was mediated/moderated by maternal depression.
Methods: Depressive symptoms were assessed using a 20-item scale administered to youths (11–17 years of age) who had experienced an episode of protein-energy malnutrition (marasmus or kwashiorkor) during the first year of life and in a comparison group of healthy youths without a history of malnutrition. Their mothers completed the same questionnaire on the same test on three occasions when their children were 5–17 years of age at 2–5-year intervals.
Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was elevated among previously malnourished youth relative to healthy comparison children (p < .001). When youth depression scores were subjected to a longitudinal multiple regression analysis, adjusting for the effect of maternal depressive symptoms, significant effects due to the history of early childhood malnutrition remained and were not discernibly attenuated from an unadjusted analysis. We also found significant independent effects of maternal depressive symptoms on youth depressive symptoms.
Conclusion: Early childhood malnutrition contributed independently to depressive symptoms in youths who experienced a significant episode of malnutrition in the first year of life. This relationship was not mediated or moderated by the effects of maternal depression. Whether the later vulnerability to depression is a direct effect of the episode of malnutrition and related conditions early in life or whether it is mediated by the more proximal neurobehavioral effects of the malnutrition remains to be determined.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02208.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.789-798[article] Early childhood malnutrition predicts depressive symptoms at ages 11–17 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Janina R. GALLER, Auteur ; Garrett FITZMAURICE, Auteur ; Deborah P. WABER, Auteur ; C.P. BRYCE, Auteur ; R.S. HOCK, Auteur ; N. EXNER, Auteur ; D. EAGLESFIELD, Auteur ; Robert H. HARRISON, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.789-798.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.789-798
Mots-clés : Mood depression protein–energy-malnutrition kwashiorkor adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: We examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Barbadian youth with histories of infantile malnutrition and in a healthy comparison group and the extent to which the effect of malnutrition was mediated/moderated by maternal depression.
Methods: Depressive symptoms were assessed using a 20-item scale administered to youths (11–17 years of age) who had experienced an episode of protein-energy malnutrition (marasmus or kwashiorkor) during the first year of life and in a comparison group of healthy youths without a history of malnutrition. Their mothers completed the same questionnaire on the same test on three occasions when their children were 5–17 years of age at 2–5-year intervals.
Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was elevated among previously malnourished youth relative to healthy comparison children (p < .001). When youth depression scores were subjected to a longitudinal multiple regression analysis, adjusting for the effect of maternal depressive symptoms, significant effects due to the history of early childhood malnutrition remained and were not discernibly attenuated from an unadjusted analysis. We also found significant independent effects of maternal depressive symptoms on youth depressive symptoms.
Conclusion: Early childhood malnutrition contributed independently to depressive symptoms in youths who experienced a significant episode of malnutrition in the first year of life. This relationship was not mediated or moderated by the effects of maternal depression. Whether the later vulnerability to depression is a direct effect of the episode of malnutrition and related conditions early in life or whether it is mediated by the more proximal neurobehavioral effects of the malnutrition remains to be determined.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02208.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Maternal emotion coaching, adolescent anger regulation, and siblings'externalizing symptoms / Joann WU SHORTT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Maternal emotion coaching, adolescent anger regulation, and siblings'externalizing symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joann WU SHORTT, Auteur ; Mike STOOLMILLER, Auteur ; Lisa B. SHEEBER, Auteur ; Jessica N. SMITH-SHINE, Auteur ; J. Mark EDDY, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.799-808 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Parenting anger emotion-regulation adolescence externalizing-problem-behavior siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Increases in externalizing behaviors during the transition to adolescence may put children at risk for developing mental disorders and related problems. Although children's ability to regulate their emotions appears to be a key factor influencing risk for maladjustment, emotion processes during adolescence remain understudied. In this longitudinal study, we examined a multi-level mediational model in which emotion coaching by parents was posited to influence the ability of adolescents to regulate their emotions, which in turn influences their expression of problem behaviors.
Methods: We recruited a representative community sample of 244 families with biological sibling pairs comprising a child in late elementary school and a child in middle school. Maternal meta-emotion interviews were coded for mother emotion coaching and adolescent difficulty with anger. Mothers also completed questionnaires on adolescent irritability. Ratings of adolescent problem behaviors were obtained from mother and teacher questionnaires completed at two time points. Using structural equation modeling, constructs were partitioned into components across older and younger siblings to examine shared and nonshared variance and contextual effects.
Results: Cross-sectional data indicated that mothers' emotion coaching of anger was related to better anger regulation in adolescent siblings, which was, in turn related to less externalizing behavior. Although support for mediational effects was limited in the longitudinal data, both older and younger siblings' difficulties in regulating anger predicted adolescent externalizing behavior three years later. Additional longitudinal predictors of externalizing behavior were observed for younger siblings. In particular, emotion coaching of anger by mothers was associated with decreased externalizing behavior, while conversely, older siblings' externalizing behavior was associated with increased externalizing behavior in the younger siblings over time.
Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of considering family emotion processes in understanding adolescent problem behavior. Both maternal emotion coaching of adolescent anger and adolescent difficulty in regulating anger influenced adolescent externalizing behavior. Emotion coaching interventions seem worthy of consideration for enhancing the impact of prevention and intervention programs targeting youth externalizing behaviors.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02207.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.799-808[article] Maternal emotion coaching, adolescent anger regulation, and siblings'externalizing symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joann WU SHORTT, Auteur ; Mike STOOLMILLER, Auteur ; Lisa B. SHEEBER, Auteur ; Jessica N. SMITH-SHINE, Auteur ; J. Mark EDDY, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.799-808.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.799-808
Mots-clés : Parenting anger emotion-regulation adolescence externalizing-problem-behavior siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Increases in externalizing behaviors during the transition to adolescence may put children at risk for developing mental disorders and related problems. Although children's ability to regulate their emotions appears to be a key factor influencing risk for maladjustment, emotion processes during adolescence remain understudied. In this longitudinal study, we examined a multi-level mediational model in which emotion coaching by parents was posited to influence the ability of adolescents to regulate their emotions, which in turn influences their expression of problem behaviors.
Methods: We recruited a representative community sample of 244 families with biological sibling pairs comprising a child in late elementary school and a child in middle school. Maternal meta-emotion interviews were coded for mother emotion coaching and adolescent difficulty with anger. Mothers also completed questionnaires on adolescent irritability. Ratings of adolescent problem behaviors were obtained from mother and teacher questionnaires completed at two time points. Using structural equation modeling, constructs were partitioned into components across older and younger siblings to examine shared and nonshared variance and contextual effects.
Results: Cross-sectional data indicated that mothers' emotion coaching of anger was related to better anger regulation in adolescent siblings, which was, in turn related to less externalizing behavior. Although support for mediational effects was limited in the longitudinal data, both older and younger siblings' difficulties in regulating anger predicted adolescent externalizing behavior three years later. Additional longitudinal predictors of externalizing behavior were observed for younger siblings. In particular, emotion coaching of anger by mothers was associated with decreased externalizing behavior, while conversely, older siblings' externalizing behavior was associated with increased externalizing behavior in the younger siblings over time.
Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of considering family emotion processes in understanding adolescent problem behavior. Both maternal emotion coaching of adolescent anger and adolescent difficulty in regulating anger influenced adolescent externalizing behavior. Emotion coaching interventions seem worthy of consideration for enhancing the impact of prevention and intervention programs targeting youth externalizing behaviors.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02207.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Families promote emotional and behavioural resilience to bullying: evidence of an environmental effect / Lucy BOWES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Families promote emotional and behavioural resilience to bullying: evidence of an environmental effect Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lucy BOWES, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.809-817 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Resilience bullying-victimisation protective-factors family Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Bullied children are at risk for later emotional and behavioural problems. 'Resilient' children function better than would be expected given their experience of bullying victimisation. This study examined the role of families in promoting resilience following bullying victimisation in primary school.
Method: Data were from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Study which describes a nationally representative sample of 1,116 twin pairs and their families. We used mothers' and children's reports to examine bullying victimisation during primary school and mothers' and teachers' reports to measure children's emotional and behavioural adjustment at ages 10 and 12. We used mothers' and interviewers' reports to derive measures of protective factors in the home including maternal warmth, sibling warmth and positive atmosphere at home.
Results: Results from linear regression models showed that family factors were associated with children's resilience to bullying victimisation. Maternal warmth, sibling warmth and a positive atmosphere at home were particularly important in bullied children compared to non-bullied children in promoting emotional and behavioural adjustment. We used a twin differences design to separate out environmental protective factors in twins who are genetically identical. Differences in maternal warmth between twins from genetically identical monozygotic pairs concordant for bullying victimisation were correlated with twin differences in behavioural problems (r = –.23) such that the twin who received the most warmth had fewer behavioural problems. This shows that maternal warmth has an environmental effect in protecting children from the negative outcomes associated with being bullied.
Conclusions: Warm family relationships and positive home environments help to buffer children from the negative outcomes associated with bullying victimisation. Warm parent–child relationships can exert an environmentally mediated effect on children's behavioural adjustment following bullying victimisation. Identifying protective factors that promote resilience to bullying victimisation could lead to improved intervention strategies targeting the home environment.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02216.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.809-817[article] Families promote emotional and behavioural resilience to bullying: evidence of an environmental effect [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lucy BOWES, Auteur ; Terrie E. MOFFITT, Auteur ; Avshalom CASPI, Auteur ; Barbara MAUGHAN, Auteur ; Louise ARSENEAULT, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.809-817.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.809-817
Mots-clés : Resilience bullying-victimisation protective-factors family Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Bullied children are at risk for later emotional and behavioural problems. 'Resilient' children function better than would be expected given their experience of bullying victimisation. This study examined the role of families in promoting resilience following bullying victimisation in primary school.
Method: Data were from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Study which describes a nationally representative sample of 1,116 twin pairs and their families. We used mothers' and children's reports to examine bullying victimisation during primary school and mothers' and teachers' reports to measure children's emotional and behavioural adjustment at ages 10 and 12. We used mothers' and interviewers' reports to derive measures of protective factors in the home including maternal warmth, sibling warmth and positive atmosphere at home.
Results: Results from linear regression models showed that family factors were associated with children's resilience to bullying victimisation. Maternal warmth, sibling warmth and a positive atmosphere at home were particularly important in bullied children compared to non-bullied children in promoting emotional and behavioural adjustment. We used a twin differences design to separate out environmental protective factors in twins who are genetically identical. Differences in maternal warmth between twins from genetically identical monozygotic pairs concordant for bullying victimisation were correlated with twin differences in behavioural problems (r = –.23) such that the twin who received the most warmth had fewer behavioural problems. This shows that maternal warmth has an environmental effect in protecting children from the negative outcomes associated with being bullied.
Conclusions: Warm family relationships and positive home environments help to buffer children from the negative outcomes associated with bullying victimisation. Warm parent–child relationships can exert an environmentally mediated effect on children's behavioural adjustment following bullying victimisation. Identifying protective factors that promote resilience to bullying victimisation could lead to improved intervention strategies targeting the home environment.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02216.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial / Mark J. D. JORDANS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark J. D. JORDANS, Auteur ; Ivan H. KOMPROE, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur ; Joop T.V.M. DE JONG, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur ; Nagendra P. LUITEL, Auteur ; Robert D. MACY, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.818-826 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychosocial war children efficacy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: In situations of ongoing violence, childhood psychosocial and mental health problems require care. However, resources and evidence for adequate interventions are scarce for children in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated a school-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected, rural Nepal.
Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate changes on a range of indicators, including psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder), psychological difficulties, resilience indicators (hope, prosocial behavior) and function impairment. Children (n = 325) (mean age = 12.7, SD = 1.04, range 11–14 years) with elevated psychosocial distress were allocated to a treatment or waitlist group.
Results: Comparisons of crude change scores showed significant between-group differences on several outcome indicators, with moderate effect sizes (Cohen d = .41 to .58). After correcting for nested variance within schools, no evidence for treatment effects was found on any outcome variable. Additional analyses showed gender effects for treatment on prosocial behavior (mean change difference: 2.70; 95% CI, .97 to 4.44), psychological difficulties (−2.19; 95% CI, −3.82 to −.56), and aggression (−4.42; 95% CI, −6.16 to −2.67). An age effect for treatment was found for hope (.90; 95% CI, −1.54 to −.26).
Conclusions: A school-based psychosocial intervention demonstrated moderate short-term beneficial effects for improving social-behavioral and resilience indicators among subgroups of children exposed to armed conflict. The intervention reduced psychological difficulties and aggression among boys, increased prosocial behavior among girls, and increased hope for older children. The intervention did not result in reduction of psychiatric symptoms.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02209.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.818-826[article] Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark J. D. JORDANS, Auteur ; Ivan H. KOMPROE, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur ; Joop T.V.M. DE JONG, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur ; Nagendra P. LUITEL, Auteur ; Robert D. MACY, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.818-826.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.818-826
Mots-clés : Psychosocial war children efficacy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: In situations of ongoing violence, childhood psychosocial and mental health problems require care. However, resources and evidence for adequate interventions are scarce for children in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated a school-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected, rural Nepal.
Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate changes on a range of indicators, including psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder), psychological difficulties, resilience indicators (hope, prosocial behavior) and function impairment. Children (n = 325) (mean age = 12.7, SD = 1.04, range 11–14 years) with elevated psychosocial distress were allocated to a treatment or waitlist group.
Results: Comparisons of crude change scores showed significant between-group differences on several outcome indicators, with moderate effect sizes (Cohen d = .41 to .58). After correcting for nested variance within schools, no evidence for treatment effects was found on any outcome variable. Additional analyses showed gender effects for treatment on prosocial behavior (mean change difference: 2.70; 95% CI, .97 to 4.44), psychological difficulties (−2.19; 95% CI, −3.82 to −.56), and aggression (−4.42; 95% CI, −6.16 to −2.67). An age effect for treatment was found for hope (.90; 95% CI, −1.54 to −.26).
Conclusions: A school-based psychosocial intervention demonstrated moderate short-term beneficial effects for improving social-behavioral and resilience indicators among subgroups of children exposed to armed conflict. The intervention reduced psychological difficulties and aggression among boys, increased prosocial behavior among girls, and increased hope for older children. The intervention did not result in reduction of psychiatric symptoms.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02209.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Incentive-elicited mesolimbic activation and externalizing symptomatology in adolescents / James M. BJORK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Incentive-elicited mesolimbic activation and externalizing symptomatology in adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James M. BJORK, Auteur ; Gang CHEN, Auteur ; Ashley R. SMITH, Auteur ; Daniel W. HOMMER, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.827-837 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Conduct-disorder oppositional-defiant-disorder externalizing-disorders reward ventral-striatum nucleus-accumbens Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Opponent-process theories of externalizing disorders (ExD) attribute them to some combination of overactive reward processing systems and/or underactive behavior inhibition systems. Reward processing has been indexed by recruitment of incentive-motivational neurocircuitry of the ventral striatum (VS), including nucleus accumbens (NAcc).
Methods: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an incentive task to determine whether externalizing symptomatology in adolescence is correlated with an enhanced VS recruitment by cues for rewards, or by deliveries of rewards. Twelve community-recruited adolescents with externalizing disorders (AED) and 12 age/gender-matched controls responded to targets to win or avoid losing $0, $0.20, $1, $5, or an unknown amount (ranging from $0.20 to $5).
Results: Cues to respond for rewards activated the NAcc (relative to cues for no incentive), in both subject groups similarly, with greatest NAcc recruitment by cues for the largest reward. Loss-anticipatory NAcc signal increase was detected in a volume-of-interest analysis – but this increase occurred only in trials when subjects hit the target. Relative to controls, AED showed significantly elevated NAcc activation by a linear contrast between reward notification versus notification of failure to win reward. In a post hoc reanalysis, VS and pregenual anterior cingulate activation by the reward versus non-reward outcome contrast also directly correlated with Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Externalizing total scores (across all subjects) in lieu of a binary diagnosis. Finally, both groups showed right insula activation by loss notifications (contrasted with avoided losses).
Conclusions: Externalizing behavior, whether assessed dimensionally with a questionnaire, or in the form of a diagnostic categorization, is associated with an exaggerated limbic response to outcomes of reward-directed behavior. This could be a neurobiological signature of the behavioral sensitivity to laboratory reward delivery that is characteristic of children with externalizing symptomatology. Of interest is future research on incentive-motivational processing in more severe, clinically referred AED.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02201.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.827-837[article] Incentive-elicited mesolimbic activation and externalizing symptomatology in adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James M. BJORK, Auteur ; Gang CHEN, Auteur ; Ashley R. SMITH, Auteur ; Daniel W. HOMMER, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.827-837.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.827-837
Mots-clés : Conduct-disorder oppositional-defiant-disorder externalizing-disorders reward ventral-striatum nucleus-accumbens Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Opponent-process theories of externalizing disorders (ExD) attribute them to some combination of overactive reward processing systems and/or underactive behavior inhibition systems. Reward processing has been indexed by recruitment of incentive-motivational neurocircuitry of the ventral striatum (VS), including nucleus accumbens (NAcc).
Methods: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with an incentive task to determine whether externalizing symptomatology in adolescence is correlated with an enhanced VS recruitment by cues for rewards, or by deliveries of rewards. Twelve community-recruited adolescents with externalizing disorders (AED) and 12 age/gender-matched controls responded to targets to win or avoid losing $0, $0.20, $1, $5, or an unknown amount (ranging from $0.20 to $5).
Results: Cues to respond for rewards activated the NAcc (relative to cues for no incentive), in both subject groups similarly, with greatest NAcc recruitment by cues for the largest reward. Loss-anticipatory NAcc signal increase was detected in a volume-of-interest analysis – but this increase occurred only in trials when subjects hit the target. Relative to controls, AED showed significantly elevated NAcc activation by a linear contrast between reward notification versus notification of failure to win reward. In a post hoc reanalysis, VS and pregenual anterior cingulate activation by the reward versus non-reward outcome contrast also directly correlated with Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Externalizing total scores (across all subjects) in lieu of a binary diagnosis. Finally, both groups showed right insula activation by loss notifications (contrasted with avoided losses).
Conclusions: Externalizing behavior, whether assessed dimensionally with a questionnaire, or in the form of a diagnostic categorization, is associated with an exaggerated limbic response to outcomes of reward-directed behavior. This could be a neurobiological signature of the behavioral sensitivity to laboratory reward delivery that is characteristic of children with externalizing symptomatology. Of interest is future research on incentive-motivational processing in more severe, clinically referred AED.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02201.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Executive functions as endophenotypes in ADHD: evidence from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) / Susan Shur-Fen GAU in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Executive functions as endophenotypes in ADHD: evidence from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur ; Chi-Yung SHANG, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.838-849 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD CANTAB executive-functions unaffected-siblings endophenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Little is known about executive functions among unaffected siblings of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and there is lack of such information from non-Western countries. We examined verbal and nonverbal executive functions in adolescents with ADHD, unaffected siblings and controls to test whether executive functions could be potential endophenotypes for ADHD.
Methods: We assessed 279 adolescents (age range: 11–17 years) with a childhood diagnosis of DSM-IV ADHD, 136 biological siblings (108 unaffected, 79.4%), and 173 unaffected controls by using psychiatric interviews, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – 3rd edition (WISC-III), including digit spans, and the tasks involving executive functions of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB): Intra-dimensional/Extra-dimensional Shifts (IED), Spatial Span (SSP), Spatial Working Memory (SWM), and Stockings of Cambridge (SOC).
Results: Compared with the controls, adolescents with ADHD and unaffected siblings had a significantly shorter backward digit span, more extra-dimensional shift errors in the IED, shorter spatial span length in the SSP, more total errors and poorer strategy use in the SWM, and fewer problems solved in the minimum number of moves and shorter initial thinking time in the SOC. The magnitudes of the differences in the SWM and SOC increased with increased task difficulties. In general, neither persistent ADHD nor comorbidity was associated with increased deficits in executive functions among adolescents with ADHD.
Conclusions: The lack of much difference in executive dysfunctions between unaffected siblings and ADHD adolescents suggests that executive dysfunctions may be useful cognitive endophenotypes for ADHD genetic studies.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02215.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.838-849[article] Executive functions as endophenotypes in ADHD: evidence from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan Shur-Fen GAU, Auteur ; Chi-Yung SHANG, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.838-849.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.838-849
Mots-clés : ADD/ADHD CANTAB executive-functions unaffected-siblings endophenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Little is known about executive functions among unaffected siblings of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and there is lack of such information from non-Western countries. We examined verbal and nonverbal executive functions in adolescents with ADHD, unaffected siblings and controls to test whether executive functions could be potential endophenotypes for ADHD.
Methods: We assessed 279 adolescents (age range: 11–17 years) with a childhood diagnosis of DSM-IV ADHD, 136 biological siblings (108 unaffected, 79.4%), and 173 unaffected controls by using psychiatric interviews, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – 3rd edition (WISC-III), including digit spans, and the tasks involving executive functions of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB): Intra-dimensional/Extra-dimensional Shifts (IED), Spatial Span (SSP), Spatial Working Memory (SWM), and Stockings of Cambridge (SOC).
Results: Compared with the controls, adolescents with ADHD and unaffected siblings had a significantly shorter backward digit span, more extra-dimensional shift errors in the IED, shorter spatial span length in the SSP, more total errors and poorer strategy use in the SWM, and fewer problems solved in the minimum number of moves and shorter initial thinking time in the SOC. The magnitudes of the differences in the SWM and SOC increased with increased task difficulties. In general, neither persistent ADHD nor comorbidity was associated with increased deficits in executive functions among adolescents with ADHD.
Conclusions: The lack of much difference in executive dysfunctions between unaffected siblings and ADHD adolescents suggests that executive dysfunctions may be useful cognitive endophenotypes for ADHD genetic studies.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02215.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 Trajectories leading to autism spectrum disorders are affected by paternal age: findings from two nationally representative twin studies / Sebastian LUNDSTROM in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)
[article]
Titre : Trajectories leading to autism spectrum disorders are affected by paternal age: findings from two nationally representative twin studies Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur ; Christina M. HULTMAN, Auteur ; Eva CARLSTROM, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Jonathan MILL, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur ; Maria RASTAM, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Claire Margaret Alison HAWORTH, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.850-856 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-disorders paternal-age autistic-traits behavioral-genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite extensive efforts, the causes of autism remain unknown. Advancing paternal age has been associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders. We aim to investigate three unresolved questions: (a) What is the association between paternal age and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)?; (b) Does paternal age moderate the genetic and environmental etiological factors for ASD? (c) Does paternal age affect normal variation in autistic-like traits?
Methods: Two nationally representative twin studies from Sweden (n = 11, 122, assessed at age 9 or 12) and the UK (n = 13, 524, assessed at age 9) were used. Categorical and continuous measures of ASD, autistic-like traits and autistic similarity were calculated and compared over paternal age categories.
Results: Both cohorts showed a strong association between paternal age and the risk for ASD. A U-shaped risk association could be discerned since the offspring of both the youngest and oldest fathers showed an elevation in the risk for ASD. Autistic similarity increased with advancing paternal age in both monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Both cohorts showed significantly higher autistic-like traits in the offspring of the youngest and oldest fathers.
Conclusions: Phenomena associated with paternal age are clearly involved in the trajectories leading to autistic-like traits and ASD. Mechanisms influencing the trajectories might differ between older and younger fathers. Molecular genetic studies are now needed in order to further understand the association between paternal age and ASD, as well as normal variation in social, language, and repetitive behaviors in the general population.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02223.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.850-856[article] Trajectories leading to autism spectrum disorders are affected by paternal age: findings from two nationally representative twin studies [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Henrik ANCKARSATER, Auteur ; Christina M. HULTMAN, Auteur ; Eva CARLSTROM, Auteur ; Abraham REICHENBERG, Auteur ; Jonathan MILL, Auteur ; Angelica RONALD, Auteur ; Robert PLOMIN, Auteur ; Maria RASTAM, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Claire Margaret Alison HAWORTH, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.850-856.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.850-856
Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-disorders paternal-age autistic-traits behavioral-genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Despite extensive efforts, the causes of autism remain unknown. Advancing paternal age has been associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders. We aim to investigate three unresolved questions: (a) What is the association between paternal age and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)?; (b) Does paternal age moderate the genetic and environmental etiological factors for ASD? (c) Does paternal age affect normal variation in autistic-like traits?
Methods: Two nationally representative twin studies from Sweden (n = 11, 122, assessed at age 9 or 12) and the UK (n = 13, 524, assessed at age 9) were used. Categorical and continuous measures of ASD, autistic-like traits and autistic similarity were calculated and compared over paternal age categories.
Results: Both cohorts showed a strong association between paternal age and the risk for ASD. A U-shaped risk association could be discerned since the offspring of both the youngest and oldest fathers showed an elevation in the risk for ASD. Autistic similarity increased with advancing paternal age in both monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Both cohorts showed significantly higher autistic-like traits in the offspring of the youngest and oldest fathers.
Conclusions: Phenomena associated with paternal age are clearly involved in the trajectories leading to autistic-like traits and ASD. Mechanisms influencing the trajectories might differ between older and younger fathers. Molecular genetic studies are now needed in order to further understand the association between paternal age and ASD, as well as normal variation in social, language, and repetitive behaviors in the general population.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02223.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102