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Decision-Making Skills in ASD: Performance on the Iowa Gambling Task / Joanna L. MUSSEY in Autism Research, 8-1 (February 2015)
[article]
Titre : Decision-Making Skills in ASD: Performance on the Iowa Gambling Task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joanna L. MUSSEY, Auteur ; Brittany G. TRAVERS, Auteur ; Laura Grofer KLINGER, Auteur ; Mark R. KLINGER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.105-114 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder decision making Iowa Gambling Task implicit learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decision making plays a key role in daily function, but little is known regarding how individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) make decisions. The present studies examined decision making in persons with ASD using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a computerized card game with the goal of earning money by deciding among decks of cards. To be successful, players need to figure out which decks are associated with winning and which are associated with losing money in the long run. Results of Study 1 indicated that participants with ASD made poorer decisions and showed slower learning of which decks earned more money compared with participants with typical development. Additionally, they made more frequent shifts between decks compared with participants with typical development. In Study 2, undergraduate students with typical development completed the IGT to examine whether instructing them to make frequent shifts between decks early in the IGT would negatively impact their decision making. Results of Study 2 suggested that when participants with typical development were required to make frequent shifts, they exhibited a slower rate of learning and poorer decision making, thus emulating participants with ASD in Study 1. The combined results suggest that the way that persons with ASD explore and attend to their environment may be related to poor decision making. Implications for cognitive learning styles are discussed. Autism Res 2015, 8: 105–114. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1429 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256
in Autism Research > 8-1 (February 2015) . - p.105-114[article] Decision-Making Skills in ASD: Performance on the Iowa Gambling Task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joanna L. MUSSEY, Auteur ; Brittany G. TRAVERS, Auteur ; Laura Grofer KLINGER, Auteur ; Mark R. KLINGER, Auteur . - p.105-114.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 8-1 (February 2015) . - p.105-114
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder decision making Iowa Gambling Task implicit learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decision making plays a key role in daily function, but little is known regarding how individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) make decisions. The present studies examined decision making in persons with ASD using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a computerized card game with the goal of earning money by deciding among decks of cards. To be successful, players need to figure out which decks are associated with winning and which are associated with losing money in the long run. Results of Study 1 indicated that participants with ASD made poorer decisions and showed slower learning of which decks earned more money compared with participants with typical development. Additionally, they made more frequent shifts between decks compared with participants with typical development. In Study 2, undergraduate students with typical development completed the IGT to examine whether instructing them to make frequent shifts between decks early in the IGT would negatively impact their decision making. Results of Study 2 suggested that when participants with typical development were required to make frequent shifts, they exhibited a slower rate of learning and poorer decision making, thus emulating participants with ASD in Study 1. The combined results suggest that the way that persons with ASD explore and attend to their environment may be related to poor decision making. Implications for cognitive learning styles are discussed. Autism Res 2015, 8: 105–114. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1429 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 Understanding self-reported difficulties in decision-making by people with autism spectrum disorders / L. VELLA in Autism, 22-5 (July 2018)
[article]
Titre : Understanding self-reported difficulties in decision-making by people with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. VELLA, Auteur ; H. A. RING, Auteur ; M. R. AITKEN, Auteur ; P. C. WATSON, Auteur ; A. PRESLAND, Auteur ; I. C. CLARE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.549-559 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cambridge Gamble Task Information Sampling Task Iowa Gambling Task autism spectrum decision-making Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autobiographical accounts and a limited research literature suggest that adults with autism spectrum disorders can experience difficulties with decision-making. We examined whether some of the difficulties they describe correspond to quantifiable differences in decision-making when compared to adults in the general population. The participants (38 intellectually able adults with autism spectrum disorders and 40 neurotypical adults) were assessed on three tasks of decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task, Cambridge Gamble Task and Information Sampling Task), which quantified, respectively, decision-making performance and relative attention to negative and positive outcomes, speed and flexibility, and information sampling. As a caution, all analyses were repeated with a subset of participants ( nASD = 29 and nneurotypical = 39) who were not taking antidepressant or anxiolytic medication. Compared to the neurotypical participants, participants with autism spectrum disorders demonstrated slower decision-making on the Cambridge Gamble Task, and superior performance on the Iowa Gambling Task. When those taking the medications were excluded, participants with autism spectrum disorders also sampled more information. There were no other differences between the groups. These processing tendencies may contribute to the difficulties self-reported in some contexts; however, the results also highlight strengths in autism spectrum disorders, such as a more logical approach to, and care in, decision-making. The findings lead to recommendations for how adults with autism spectrum disorders may be better supported with decision-making. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316687988 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism > 22-5 (July 2018) . - p.549-559[article] Understanding self-reported difficulties in decision-making by people with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. VELLA, Auteur ; H. A. RING, Auteur ; M. R. AITKEN, Auteur ; P. C. WATSON, Auteur ; A. PRESLAND, Auteur ; I. C. CLARE, Auteur . - p.549-559.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 22-5 (July 2018) . - p.549-559
Mots-clés : Cambridge Gamble Task Information Sampling Task Iowa Gambling Task autism spectrum decision-making Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autobiographical accounts and a limited research literature suggest that adults with autism spectrum disorders can experience difficulties with decision-making. We examined whether some of the difficulties they describe correspond to quantifiable differences in decision-making when compared to adults in the general population. The participants (38 intellectually able adults with autism spectrum disorders and 40 neurotypical adults) were assessed on three tasks of decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task, Cambridge Gamble Task and Information Sampling Task), which quantified, respectively, decision-making performance and relative attention to negative and positive outcomes, speed and flexibility, and information sampling. As a caution, all analyses were repeated with a subset of participants ( nASD = 29 and nneurotypical = 39) who were not taking antidepressant or anxiolytic medication. Compared to the neurotypical participants, participants with autism spectrum disorders demonstrated slower decision-making on the Cambridge Gamble Task, and superior performance on the Iowa Gambling Task. When those taking the medications were excluded, participants with autism spectrum disorders also sampled more information. There were no other differences between the groups. These processing tendencies may contribute to the difficulties self-reported in some contexts; however, the results also highlight strengths in autism spectrum disorders, such as a more logical approach to, and care in, decision-making. The findings lead to recommendations for how adults with autism spectrum disorders may be better supported with decision-making. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361316687988 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366