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Practitioner Review: Mental health problems of refugee children and adolescents and their management / M. HODES in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-7 (July 2019)
[article]
Titre : Practitioner Review: Mental health problems of refugee children and adolescents and their management Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. HODES, Auteur ; P. VOSTANIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.716-731 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Refugees depression posttraumatic stress disorder service development war trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Since 2010, the numbers of refugees have increased and around half are under 18 years of age. It is known that experience of organised violence, displacement and resettlement increases the risk for psychiatric disorders and psychosocial impairment. This review integrates recent research into the risk and protective factors for psychopathology with service and treatment issues. METHODS: We draw on and critically evaluate key systematic reviews in the selected areas, innovative robust studies and relevant government reports. RESULTS: Many refugee children show resilience and function well, even in the face of substantial adversities. The most robust findings for psychopathology are that PTSD, and posttraumatic and depressive symptoms are found at higher prevalence in those who have been exposed to war experiences. Their severity may decrease over time with resettlement, but PTSD in the most exposed may show higher continuity. More severe psychiatric disorders including psychosis may also occur. Service delivery needs to take into account socioeconomic and cultural influences but, given the high level of unmet need even in high-income countries, stepped care delivery is required. The evaluation of psychological interventions, often delivered in group settings, suggests that they can be effective for many distressed children; however, for the more impaired, a greater range of disorder-specific therapies will be required. CONCLUSIONS: Child and adolescent mental health clinicians and service providers need to be aware of the specific needs of this population and systems for service delivery. There are significant knowledge gaps in understanding risk and vulnerability, service delivery and treatment effectiveness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-7 (July 2019) . - p.716-731[article] Practitioner Review: Mental health problems of refugee children and adolescents and their management [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. HODES, Auteur ; P. VOSTANIS, Auteur . - p.716-731.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-7 (July 2019) . - p.716-731
Mots-clés : Refugees depression posttraumatic stress disorder service development war trauma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Since 2010, the numbers of refugees have increased and around half are under 18 years of age. It is known that experience of organised violence, displacement and resettlement increases the risk for psychiatric disorders and psychosocial impairment. This review integrates recent research into the risk and protective factors for psychopathology with service and treatment issues. METHODS: We draw on and critically evaluate key systematic reviews in the selected areas, innovative robust studies and relevant government reports. RESULTS: Many refugee children show resilience and function well, even in the face of substantial adversities. The most robust findings for psychopathology are that PTSD, and posttraumatic and depressive symptoms are found at higher prevalence in those who have been exposed to war experiences. Their severity may decrease over time with resettlement, but PTSD in the most exposed may show higher continuity. More severe psychiatric disorders including psychosis may also occur. Service delivery needs to take into account socioeconomic and cultural influences but, given the high level of unmet need even in high-income countries, stepped care delivery is required. The evaluation of psychological interventions, often delivered in group settings, suggests that they can be effective for many distressed children; however, for the more impaired, a greater range of disorder-specific therapies will be required. CONCLUSIONS: Child and adolescent mental health clinicians and service providers need to be aware of the specific needs of this population and systems for service delivery. There are significant knowledge gaps in understanding risk and vulnerability, service delivery and treatment effectiveness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401 Promoting well-being in refugee children: An exploratory controlled trial of a positive psychology intervention delivered in Greek refugee camps / Sevasti FOKA in Development and Psychopathology, 33-1 (February 2021)
[article]
Titre : Promoting well-being in refugee children: An exploratory controlled trial of a positive psychology intervention delivered in Greek refugee camps Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sevasti FOKA, Auteur ; Kristin HADFIELD, Auteur ; Michael PLUESS, Auteur ; Isabelle MARESCHAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.87-95 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adversity evaluation intervention refugees resilience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rigorously evaluated interventions that target protective factors and positive resources rather than ameliorating negative outcomes in child refugees are rare. To address this, we developed and evaluated a short, group-based resilience-building intervention called Strengths for the Journey (SFJ), which was designed for war-affected children. We conducted a quasi-randomized pilot study of the SFJ intervention with 72 7- to 14-year-old forcibly displaced children (Mage = 10.76, 64.8% female) in three refugee camps in Lesvos, Greece. Intervention effectiveness was assessed by measuring pre-post changes in well-being, self-esteem, optimism, and depressive symptoms from before (T1) to immediately after the intervention/wait-list task (T2). Four focus group interviews were conducted with 31 of the participants to discuss their views on the effects of the intervention and the continued use of the skills that were learned. Using repeated-measures ANOVAs, we found improvements in well-being, F (1, 46) = 42.99, ?p2 = .48, self-esteem, F (1, 56) = 29.11, ?p2 = .40, optimism, F (1, 53) = 27.16, ?p2 = .34, and depressive symptoms, F (1, 31) = 62.14, ?p2 = .67, in the intervention group compared with the wait-listed group (p < .05). Focus group participants highlighted the importance of SFJ in developing a sense of togetherness and building their strengths. Child refugees in low-resource settings may benefit from brief, first-line interventions that target protective factors such as well-being, hope, self-esteem, and belonging. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001585 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.87-95[article] Promoting well-being in refugee children: An exploratory controlled trial of a positive psychology intervention delivered in Greek refugee camps [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sevasti FOKA, Auteur ; Kristin HADFIELD, Auteur ; Michael PLUESS, Auteur ; Isabelle MARESCHAL, Auteur . - p.87-95.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Development and Psychopathology > 33-1 (February 2021) . - p.87-95
Mots-clés : adversity evaluation intervention refugees resilience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rigorously evaluated interventions that target protective factors and positive resources rather than ameliorating negative outcomes in child refugees are rare. To address this, we developed and evaluated a short, group-based resilience-building intervention called Strengths for the Journey (SFJ), which was designed for war-affected children. We conducted a quasi-randomized pilot study of the SFJ intervention with 72 7- to 14-year-old forcibly displaced children (Mage = 10.76, 64.8% female) in three refugee camps in Lesvos, Greece. Intervention effectiveness was assessed by measuring pre-post changes in well-being, self-esteem, optimism, and depressive symptoms from before (T1) to immediately after the intervention/wait-list task (T2). Four focus group interviews were conducted with 31 of the participants to discuss their views on the effects of the intervention and the continued use of the skills that were learned. Using repeated-measures ANOVAs, we found improvements in well-being, F (1, 46) = 42.99, ?p2 = .48, self-esteem, F (1, 56) = 29.11, ?p2 = .40, optimism, F (1, 53) = 27.16, ?p2 = .34, and depressive symptoms, F (1, 31) = 62.14, ?p2 = .67, in the intervention group compared with the wait-listed group (p < .05). Focus group participants highlighted the importance of SFJ in developing a sense of togetherness and building their strengths. Child refugees in low-resource settings may benefit from brief, first-line interventions that target protective factors such as well-being, hope, self-esteem, and belonging. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419001585 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=442 Short- and longer-term impacts of Child Friendly Space Interventions in Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement, Uganda / J. METZLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-11 (November 2019)
[article]
Titre : Short- and longer-term impacts of Child Friendly Space Interventions in Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement, Uganda Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. METZLER, Auteur ; K. DIACONU, Auteur ; S. HERMOSILLA, Auteur ; R. KAIJUKA, Auteur ; G. EBULU, Auteur ; K. SAVAGE, Auteur ; Alastair AGER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1152-1163 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humanitarian crisis impact longitudinal protection psychosocial support refugees Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The establishment of Child Friendly Spaces (CFSs) has become a widespread intervention targeting protection and support for displaced children in humanitarian contexts. There is a lack of evidence of impact of these interventions with respect to both short-term outcomes and longer-term developmental trajectories. METHODS: We collected data from caregivers of Congolese refugee children residing in Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement at three timepoints. To assess short-term impact of CFSs, we compared indicators assessed shortly after refugees' arrival (baseline, T1) and endline (T2, three to six months after CFS implementation) amongst 430 CFS attenders and 161 nonattenders. Follow-up assessments after the end of CFS programming were conducted 18 months post-baseline (T3) with caregivers of 249 previous CFS attenders and 77 CFS nonattenders. RESULTS: In the short-term, attendance at CFSs was associated with better maintenance of psychosocial well-being (PSWB; beta = 2.093, p < .001, Cohen's d = .347) and greater increases in developmental assets (beta = 2.517, p < .001, Cohen's d = .231), with significantly stronger impacts for girls. CFS interventions meeting higher programing quality criteria were associated with greater impact on both PSWB and development assets (beta = 2.603 vs. beta = 1.793 and beta = 2.942 vs. beta = 2.337 for attenders at higher and lower-quality CFSs c.f. nonattenders, respectively). Amongst boys, benefits of program attendance were only indicated for those attending higher-quality CFS (beta = 2.084, p = .006 for PSWB). At follow-up, however, there were no discernable impacts of prior CFS attendance on any measures. Age and school attendance were the only characteristics that predicted an outcome - developmental assets - at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Attendance at CFSs - particularly involving higher-quality programming - supported children's well-being and development. However, sustained impact beyond active CFS programming was not demonstrated. Intervention goals and strategies in humanitarian contexts need to address the challenge of connecting children to other resources to facilitate developmental progress in conditions of protracted displacement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13069 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-11 (November 2019) . - p.1152-1163[article] Short- and longer-term impacts of Child Friendly Space Interventions in Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement, Uganda [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. METZLER, Auteur ; K. DIACONU, Auteur ; S. HERMOSILLA, Auteur ; R. KAIJUKA, Auteur ; G. EBULU, Auteur ; K. SAVAGE, Auteur ; Alastair AGER, Auteur . - p.1152-1163.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-11 (November 2019) . - p.1152-1163
Mots-clés : Humanitarian crisis impact longitudinal protection psychosocial support refugees Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The establishment of Child Friendly Spaces (CFSs) has become a widespread intervention targeting protection and support for displaced children in humanitarian contexts. There is a lack of evidence of impact of these interventions with respect to both short-term outcomes and longer-term developmental trajectories. METHODS: We collected data from caregivers of Congolese refugee children residing in Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement at three timepoints. To assess short-term impact of CFSs, we compared indicators assessed shortly after refugees' arrival (baseline, T1) and endline (T2, three to six months after CFS implementation) amongst 430 CFS attenders and 161 nonattenders. Follow-up assessments after the end of CFS programming were conducted 18 months post-baseline (T3) with caregivers of 249 previous CFS attenders and 77 CFS nonattenders. RESULTS: In the short-term, attendance at CFSs was associated with better maintenance of psychosocial well-being (PSWB; beta = 2.093, p < .001, Cohen's d = .347) and greater increases in developmental assets (beta = 2.517, p < .001, Cohen's d = .231), with significantly stronger impacts for girls. CFS interventions meeting higher programing quality criteria were associated with greater impact on both PSWB and development assets (beta = 2.603 vs. beta = 1.793 and beta = 2.942 vs. beta = 2.337 for attenders at higher and lower-quality CFSs c.f. nonattenders, respectively). Amongst boys, benefits of program attendance were only indicated for those attending higher-quality CFS (beta = 2.084, p = .006 for PSWB). At follow-up, however, there were no discernable impacts of prior CFS attendance on any measures. Age and school attendance were the only characteristics that predicted an outcome - developmental assets - at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Attendance at CFSs - particularly involving higher-quality programming - supported children's well-being and development. However, sustained impact beyond active CFS programming was not demonstrated. Intervention goals and strategies in humanitarian contexts need to address the challenge of connecting children to other resources to facilitate developmental progress in conditions of protracted displacement. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13069 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 Editorial: 'In our time': Has the pandemic changed the way we write and read mental health and neurodevelopmental disorder research reviews? / Sara R. JAFFEE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-5 (May 2021)
[article]
Titre : Editorial: 'In our time': Has the pandemic changed the way we write and read mental health and neurodevelopmental disorder research reviews? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.481-483 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Covid-19 Child Humans Mental Health Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pandemics Reading Refugees SARS-CoV-2 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The past year was marked by upheaval, as countries across the globe shut down in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the topics for this year's Annual Research Review were decided long before most of had heard of the coronavirus, many readers may find themselves reading the papers in this issue through a pandemic lens. For some authors, the COVID-19 pandemic and the social unrest that characterized parts of the world where these authors live are likely to have shaped the way they ultimately framed the topics of their reviews. This issue serves as a reminder that it is critical to read science in social and historical context. Our preoccupations as psychologists and psychiatrists reflect our cultural values and societal experiences at a particular time and place. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-5 (May 2021) . - p.481-483[article] Editorial: 'In our time': Has the pandemic changed the way we write and read mental health and neurodevelopmental disorder research reviews? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sara R. JAFFEE, Auteur . - p.481-483.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-5 (May 2021) . - p.481-483
Mots-clés : Covid-19 Child Humans Mental Health Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pandemics Reading Refugees SARS-CoV-2 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The past year was marked by upheaval, as countries across the globe shut down in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the topics for this year's Annual Research Review were decided long before most of had heard of the coronavirus, many readers may find themselves reading the papers in this issue through a pandemic lens. For some authors, the COVID-19 pandemic and the social unrest that characterized parts of the world where these authors live are likely to have shaped the way they ultimately framed the topics of their reviews. This issue serves as a reminder that it is critical to read science in social and historical context. Our preoccupations as psychologists and psychiatrists reflect our cultural values and societal experiences at a particular time and place. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 Emanuel Miller Lecture From Pogroms to “Ethnic Cleansing”: Meeting the Needs of War Affected Children / William YULE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41-6 (September 2000)
[article]
Titre : Emanuel Miller Lecture From Pogroms to “Ethnic Cleansing”: Meeting the Needs of War Affected Children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : William YULE, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : p.695-702 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : War refugees stress Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Convention on the Rights of the Child Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children are both the direct and indirect targets during wars. They are directly affected by violence aimed at them and their families; they are indirectly affected by the distress caused to their families; they may be internally displaced or find themselves crossing borders as asylum seekers. Their experiences during and immediately after war militate against their developing in a safe, secure, and predictable environment. Their human rights are compromised and their mental health put at risk.
Whether in the country at and after war, or in the country that offers refuge, children's mental health needs have to be properly assessed and met. In many cases, children may only require a sense of safety and support via their family and school. In other cases, they require more complicated psychosocial interventions that address the various stress reactions they manifest.
This paper addresses these issues against the context of a major community-based programme in Mostar in Bosnia during the recent civil war there. It argues that we have reasonably good screening measures to identify children at high risk of developing mental health problems. It presents an hierarchical model of support and intervention whereby psychosocial help is delivered primarily through schools with only a small proportion of more complex needs being met by specially trained mental health professionals. There is a strong need to evaluate various methods of delivering help and to develop new ways of reaching needy children in a nonstigmatising way.Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-6 (September 2000) . - p.695-702[article] Emanuel Miller Lecture From Pogroms to “Ethnic Cleansing”: Meeting the Needs of War Affected Children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / William YULE, Auteur . - 2000 . - p.695-702.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-6 (September 2000) . - p.695-702
Mots-clés : War refugees stress Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Convention on the Rights of the Child Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children are both the direct and indirect targets during wars. They are directly affected by violence aimed at them and their families; they are indirectly affected by the distress caused to their families; they may be internally displaced or find themselves crossing borders as asylum seekers. Their experiences during and immediately after war militate against their developing in a safe, secure, and predictable environment. Their human rights are compromised and their mental health put at risk.
Whether in the country at and after war, or in the country that offers refuge, children's mental health needs have to be properly assessed and met. In many cases, children may only require a sense of safety and support via their family and school. In other cases, they require more complicated psychosocial interventions that address the various stress reactions they manifest.
This paper addresses these issues against the context of a major community-based programme in Mostar in Bosnia during the recent civil war there. It argues that we have reasonably good screening measures to identify children at high risk of developing mental health problems. It presents an hierarchical model of support and intervention whereby psychosocial help is delivered primarily through schools with only a small proportion of more complex needs being met by specially trained mental health professionals. There is a strong need to evaluate various methods of delivering help and to develop new ways of reaching needy children in a nonstigmatising way.Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125 Insecurity, distress and mental health: experimental and randomized controlled trials of a psychosocial intervention for youth affected by the Syrian crisis / Catherine PANTER-BRICK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-5 (May 2018)
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