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Le fonctionnement des saccades oculaires: de la motricité à la cognition / Florie MONIER in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E., 184 (Juin 2023)
[article]
Titre : Le fonctionnement des saccades oculaires: de la motricité à la cognition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Florie MONIER, Auteur ; H. CHATELON, Auteur ; Hélène DALENS, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : p.331-343 Langues : Français (fre) Mots-clés : Mouvements oculaires Cognition visuelle Saccades Neuropsychologie visuelle Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Les saccades oculaires sont des mouvements rapides et précis qui nous permettent de déplacer nos yeux afin d’explorer et de percevoir notre environnement. De par leur implication dans la prise d’information visuelle, ils sont déterminants pour nombre d’apprentissages, notamment la lecture. Toutefois, leur interprétation en clinique est complexe. Dans ce travail, nous proposons de revenir sur les différents mécanismes et voies qui sous-tendent ces mouvements oculaires afin d’en faciliter la compréhension. Nous verrons que ces mouvements de saccades reposent sur des mécanismes de types automatiques en lien avec la perception visuelle spatiale, mais aussi sur des mécanismes cognitifs de nature exécutive et attentionnelle. Ainsi nous verrons qu’il existe un lien bidirectionnel entre oculomotricité et cognition. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507
in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E. > 184 (Juin 2023) . - p.331-343[article] Le fonctionnement des saccades oculaires: de la motricité à la cognition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Florie MONIER, Auteur ; H. CHATELON, Auteur ; Hélène DALENS, Auteur . - 2023 . - p.331-343.
Langues : Français (fre)
in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E. > 184 (Juin 2023) . - p.331-343
Mots-clés : Mouvements oculaires Cognition visuelle Saccades Neuropsychologie visuelle Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Les saccades oculaires sont des mouvements rapides et précis qui nous permettent de déplacer nos yeux afin d’explorer et de percevoir notre environnement. De par leur implication dans la prise d’information visuelle, ils sont déterminants pour nombre d’apprentissages, notamment la lecture. Toutefois, leur interprétation en clinique est complexe. Dans ce travail, nous proposons de revenir sur les différents mécanismes et voies qui sous-tendent ces mouvements oculaires afin d’en faciliter la compréhension. Nous verrons que ces mouvements de saccades reposent sur des mécanismes de types automatiques en lien avec la perception visuelle spatiale, mais aussi sur des mécanismes cognitifs de nature exécutive et attentionnelle. Ainsi nous verrons qu’il existe un lien bidirectionnel entre oculomotricité et cognition. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=507 Basic oculomotor function is similar in young children with ASD and typically developing controls / Inbar AVNI in Autism Research, 14-12 (December 2021)
[article]
Titre : Basic oculomotor function is similar in young children with ASD and typically developing controls Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; G. MEIRI, Auteur ; A. MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; I. MENASHE, Auteur ; L. SHMUELOF, Auteur ; I. DINSTEIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2580-2591 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Child, Preschool Eye Movements Humans Infant Saccades eye position eye tracking gaze kinematic characteristics movies oculomotor control saccade Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A variety of eye tracking studies have demonstrated that young children with ASD gaze at images and movies of social interactions differently than typically developing children. These findings have supported the hypothesis that gaze behavior differences are generated by a weaker preference for social stimuli in ASD children. The hypothesis assumes that gaze differences are not caused by abnormalities in oculomotor function including saccade frequency and kinematics. Previous studies of oculomotor function have mostly been performed with school-age children, adolescents, and adults using visual search, anti-saccade, and gap saccade tasks that are less suitable for young pre-school children. Here, we examined oculomotor function in 144 children (90 with ASD and 54 controls), 1-10-years-old, as they watched two animated movies interleaved with the presentation of multiple salient stimuli that elicited saccades-to-targets. The results revealed that the number of fixations, fixation duration, number of saccades, saccade duration, saccade accuracy, and saccade latency did not differ significantly across groups. Minor initial differences in saccade peak velocity were not supported by analysis with a linear mixed model. These findings suggest that most children with ASD exhibit similar oculomotor function to that of controls, when performing saccades-to-targets or freely viewing child-friendly movies. This suggests that previously reported gaze abnormalities in children with ASD are not due to underlying oculomotor deficiencies. LAY SUMMARY: This study demonstrates that children with ASD perform similar eye movements to those of controls when freely observing movies or making eye movements to targets. Similar results were apparent across groups in the number of eye movements, their accuracy, duration, and other measures that assess eye movement control. These findings are important for interpreting previously reported differences in gaze behavior of children with ASD, which are likely due to atypical social preferences rather than impaired control of eye movements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2592 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450
in Autism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2580-2591[article] Basic oculomotor function is similar in young children with ASD and typically developing controls [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Inbar AVNI, Auteur ; G. MEIRI, Auteur ; A. MICHAELOVSKI, Auteur ; I. MENASHE, Auteur ; L. SHMUELOF, Auteur ; I. DINSTEIN, Auteur . - p.2580-2591.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-12 (December 2021) . - p.2580-2591
Mots-clés : Adolescent Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Child Child, Preschool Eye Movements Humans Infant Saccades eye position eye tracking gaze kinematic characteristics movies oculomotor control saccade Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A variety of eye tracking studies have demonstrated that young children with ASD gaze at images and movies of social interactions differently than typically developing children. These findings have supported the hypothesis that gaze behavior differences are generated by a weaker preference for social stimuli in ASD children. The hypothesis assumes that gaze differences are not caused by abnormalities in oculomotor function including saccade frequency and kinematics. Previous studies of oculomotor function have mostly been performed with school-age children, adolescents, and adults using visual search, anti-saccade, and gap saccade tasks that are less suitable for young pre-school children. Here, we examined oculomotor function in 144 children (90 with ASD and 54 controls), 1-10-years-old, as they watched two animated movies interleaved with the presentation of multiple salient stimuli that elicited saccades-to-targets. The results revealed that the number of fixations, fixation duration, number of saccades, saccade duration, saccade accuracy, and saccade latency did not differ significantly across groups. Minor initial differences in saccade peak velocity were not supported by analysis with a linear mixed model. These findings suggest that most children with ASD exhibit similar oculomotor function to that of controls, when performing saccades-to-targets or freely viewing child-friendly movies. This suggests that previously reported gaze abnormalities in children with ASD are not due to underlying oculomotor deficiencies. LAY SUMMARY: This study demonstrates that children with ASD perform similar eye movements to those of controls when freely observing movies or making eye movements to targets. Similar results were apparent across groups in the number of eye movements, their accuracy, duration, and other measures that assess eye movement control. These findings are important for interpreting previously reported differences in gaze behavior of children with ASD, which are likely due to atypical social preferences rather than impaired control of eye movements. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2592 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 Saccade adaptation deficits in developmental dyslexia suggest disruption of cerebellar-dependent learning / E. G. FREEDMAN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)
[article]
Titre : Saccade adaptation deficits in developmental dyslexia suggest disruption of cerebellar-dependent learning Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. G. FREEDMAN, Auteur ; S. MOLHOLM, Auteur ; M. J. GRAY, Auteur ; D. BELYUSAR, Auteur ; J. J. FOXE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.36 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptation Cerebellum Dyslexia Eye movements Reading Saccades Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Estimates of the prevalence of developmental dyslexia in the general population range from 5% to as many as 10%. Symptoms include reading, writing, and language deficits, but the severity and mix of symptoms can vary widely across individuals. In at least some people with dyslexia, the structure and function of the cerebellum may be disordered. Saccadic adaptation requires proper function of the cerebellum and brainstem circuitry and might provide a simple, noninvasive assay for early identification and sub-phenotyping in populations of children who may have dyslexia. METHODS: Children between the ages of 7 and 15 served as participants in this experiment. Fifteen had been diagnosed with developmental dyslexia and an additional 15 were typically developing children. Five of the participants diagnosed with dyslexia were also diagnosed with an attention deficit hyperactivity disroder and were excluded from further analyses. Participants performed in a saccadic adaptation task in which visual errors were introduced at the end of saccadic eye movements. The amplitudes of primary saccades were measured and plotted as a function of the order in which they occurred. Lines of best fit were calculated. Significant changes in the amplitude of primary saccades were identified. RESULTS: 12/15 typically developing children had significant adaptation of saccade amplitude in this experiment. 1/10 participants with dyslexia appropriately altered saccade amplitudes to reduce the visual error introduced in the saccade adaptation paradigm. CONCLUSIONS: Proper cerebellar function is required for saccadic adaptation, but in at least some children with dyslexia, cerebellar structure and function may be disordered. Consistent with this hypothesis, the data presented in this report clearly illustrate a difference in the ability of children with dyslexia to adapt saccade amplitudes in response to imposed visual errors. Saccadic adaptation might provide a noninvasive assay for early identification of dyslexia. Future work will determine whether reduced saccadic adaptation is pervasive in dyslexia or whether this identifies a sub-phenotype within the larger population of people identified with reading and language deficits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9218-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.36[article] Saccade adaptation deficits in developmental dyslexia suggest disruption of cerebellar-dependent learning [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. G. FREEDMAN, Auteur ; S. MOLHOLM, Auteur ; M. J. GRAY, Auteur ; D. BELYUSAR, Auteur ; J. J. FOXE, Auteur . - p.36.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.36
Mots-clés : Adaptation Cerebellum Dyslexia Eye movements Reading Saccades Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Estimates of the prevalence of developmental dyslexia in the general population range from 5% to as many as 10%. Symptoms include reading, writing, and language deficits, but the severity and mix of symptoms can vary widely across individuals. In at least some people with dyslexia, the structure and function of the cerebellum may be disordered. Saccadic adaptation requires proper function of the cerebellum and brainstem circuitry and might provide a simple, noninvasive assay for early identification and sub-phenotyping in populations of children who may have dyslexia. METHODS: Children between the ages of 7 and 15 served as participants in this experiment. Fifteen had been diagnosed with developmental dyslexia and an additional 15 were typically developing children. Five of the participants diagnosed with dyslexia were also diagnosed with an attention deficit hyperactivity disroder and were excluded from further analyses. Participants performed in a saccadic adaptation task in which visual errors were introduced at the end of saccadic eye movements. The amplitudes of primary saccades were measured and plotted as a function of the order in which they occurred. Lines of best fit were calculated. Significant changes in the amplitude of primary saccades were identified. RESULTS: 12/15 typically developing children had significant adaptation of saccade amplitude in this experiment. 1/10 participants with dyslexia appropriately altered saccade amplitudes to reduce the visual error introduced in the saccade adaptation paradigm. CONCLUSIONS: Proper cerebellar function is required for saccadic adaptation, but in at least some children with dyslexia, cerebellar structure and function may be disordered. Consistent with this hypothesis, the data presented in this report clearly illustrate a difference in the ability of children with dyslexia to adapt saccade amplitudes in response to imposed visual errors. Saccadic adaptation might provide a noninvasive assay for early identification of dyslexia. Future work will determine whether reduced saccadic adaptation is pervasive in dyslexia or whether this identifies a sub-phenotype within the larger population of people identified with reading and language deficits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9218-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350 Distractor Inhibition in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence of a Selective Impairment for Individuals with Co-occurring Motor Difficulties / E. LINDOR in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-2 (February 2019)
[article]
Titre : Distractor Inhibition in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence of a Selective Impairment for Individuals with Co-occurring Motor Difficulties Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. LINDOR, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur ; J. FIELDING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.669-682 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention Autism Distractor inhibition Motor skills Saccades Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although most researchers agree that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) exhibit atypical attention, there is little consensus on the exact nature of their deficits. We explored whether attentional control in ASD varies as a function of motor proficiency. Nineteen children with ASD and 26 typically-developing controls completed the Movement Assessment Battery for Children and two ocular motor tasks requiring them to generate a saccade toward, and fixate, a visual target in the presence or absence of a distractor. The ASD group demonstrated poorer accuracy than typically-developing controls when distractors were present. Importantly, however, ASD symptomology was only related to poorer accuracy in individuals with motor difficulties. These findings suggest that distractor inhibition may be selectively impaired in this subgroup. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3744-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=382
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-2 (February 2019) . - p.669-682[article] Distractor Inhibition in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence of a Selective Impairment for Individuals with Co-occurring Motor Difficulties [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. LINDOR, Auteur ; Nicole J. RINEHART, Auteur ; J. FIELDING, Auteur . - p.669-682.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-2 (February 2019) . - p.669-682
Mots-clés : Attention Autism Distractor inhibition Motor skills Saccades Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although most researchers agree that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) exhibit atypical attention, there is little consensus on the exact nature of their deficits. We explored whether attentional control in ASD varies as a function of motor proficiency. Nineteen children with ASD and 26 typically-developing controls completed the Movement Assessment Battery for Children and two ocular motor tasks requiring them to generate a saccade toward, and fixate, a visual target in the presence or absence of a distractor. The ASD group demonstrated poorer accuracy than typically-developing controls when distractors were present. Importantly, however, ASD symptomology was only related to poorer accuracy in individuals with motor difficulties. These findings suggest that distractor inhibition may be selectively impaired in this subgroup. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3744-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=382 Oculomotor executive function abnormalities with increased tic severity in Tourette syndrome / Cameron B. JETER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-2 (February 2015)
[article]
Titre : Oculomotor executive function abnormalities with increased tic severity in Tourette syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cameron B. JETER, Auteur ; Saumil S. PATEL, Auteur ; Jeffrey S. MORRIS, Auteur ; Alice Z. CHUANG, Auteur ; Ian J. BUTLER, Auteur ; Anne B. SERENO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.193-202 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cognitive control executive function n-back obsessive-compulsive disorder saccades Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Reports conflict as to whether Tourette syndrome (TS) confers deficits in executive function. This study's aim was to evaluate executive function in youths with TS using oculomotor tasks while controlling for confounds of tic severity, age, medication, and severity of comorbid disorders. Method Four saccade tasks requiring the executive functions of response generation, response inhibition, and working memory (prosaccade, antisaccade, 0-back, and 1-back) were administered. Twenty youths with TS and low tic severity (TS-low), nineteen with TS and moderate tic severity (TS-moderate), and 29 typically developing control subjects (Controls) completed the oculomotor tasks. Results There were small differences across groups in the prosaccade task. Controlling for any small sensorimotor differences, TS-moderate subjects had significantly higher error rates than Controls and TS-low subjects in the 0-back and 1-back tasks. In the 1-back task, these patients also took longer to respond than Controls or TS-low subjects. Conclusions In a highly controlled design, the findings demonstrate for the first time that increased tic severity in TS is associated with impaired response inhibition and impaired working memory and that these executive function deficits cannot be accounted for by differences in age, medication or comorbid symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12298 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-2 (February 2015) . - p.193-202[article] Oculomotor executive function abnormalities with increased tic severity in Tourette syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cameron B. JETER, Auteur ; Saumil S. PATEL, Auteur ; Jeffrey S. MORRIS, Auteur ; Alice Z. CHUANG, Auteur ; Ian J. BUTLER, Auteur ; Anne B. SERENO, Auteur . - p.193-202.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-2 (February 2015) . - p.193-202
Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder cognitive control executive function n-back obsessive-compulsive disorder saccades Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Reports conflict as to whether Tourette syndrome (TS) confers deficits in executive function. This study's aim was to evaluate executive function in youths with TS using oculomotor tasks while controlling for confounds of tic severity, age, medication, and severity of comorbid disorders. Method Four saccade tasks requiring the executive functions of response generation, response inhibition, and working memory (prosaccade, antisaccade, 0-back, and 1-back) were administered. Twenty youths with TS and low tic severity (TS-low), nineteen with TS and moderate tic severity (TS-moderate), and 29 typically developing control subjects (Controls) completed the oculomotor tasks. Results There were small differences across groups in the prosaccade task. Controlling for any small sensorimotor differences, TS-moderate subjects had significantly higher error rates than Controls and TS-low subjects in the 0-back and 1-back tasks. In the 1-back task, these patients also took longer to respond than Controls or TS-low subjects. Conclusions In a highly controlled design, the findings demonstrate for the first time that increased tic severity in TS is associated with impaired response inhibition and impaired working memory and that these executive function deficits cannot be accounted for by differences in age, medication or comorbid symptom severity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12298 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=259