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Relational Memory Processes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 9-1 (January 2016)
[article]
Titre : Relational Memory Processes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.97-106 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : item memory relational memory autism spectrum disorder ageing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research into memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) suggests intact item memory but difficulties in forming relations between items (Bowler, Gaigg, & Lind, 2011). In this study, we tested memory for items as well as for sequential, spatial, and associative relations between items with the same paradigm using abstract shapes in ASD and typically developing (TD) individuals. Participants studied shape triplets on a computer screen and memory was subsequently tested either for the individual items making up the triplets, the screen-locations, the order or the combinations of items presented at study. Contrary to our predictions, performance was significantly lower in the ASD group on all four tasks. The result raises questions about how intact item memory is in ASD, which role task complexity plays, and how item-specific versus relational processing affect task performance. One possibility is that TD individuals relied more on relational processing in the current study and might have therefore had an advantage over ASD individuals. This idea is supported by the result of a preliminary analysis of age-related differences in memory across the midadult lifespan in both groups. Age seems to affect order memory less in ASD compared with TD individuals where it leads to a significant decrease in performance. This might indicate a decrease in relational processing in TD but not ASD individuals with increasing age. More research is needed to answer questions about the change in cognition in ASD individuals across the lifespan. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282
in Autism Research > 9-1 (January 2016) . - p.97-106[article] Relational Memory Processes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur . - p.97-106.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 9-1 (January 2016) . - p.97-106
Mots-clés : item memory relational memory autism spectrum disorder ageing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Research into memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) suggests intact item memory but difficulties in forming relations between items (Bowler, Gaigg, & Lind, 2011). In this study, we tested memory for items as well as for sequential, spatial, and associative relations between items with the same paradigm using abstract shapes in ASD and typically developing (TD) individuals. Participants studied shape triplets on a computer screen and memory was subsequently tested either for the individual items making up the triplets, the screen-locations, the order or the combinations of items presented at study. Contrary to our predictions, performance was significantly lower in the ASD group on all four tasks. The result raises questions about how intact item memory is in ASD, which role task complexity plays, and how item-specific versus relational processing affect task performance. One possibility is that TD individuals relied more on relational processing in the current study and might have therefore had an advantage over ASD individuals. This idea is supported by the result of a preliminary analysis of age-related differences in memory across the midadult lifespan in both groups. Age seems to affect order memory less in ASD compared with TD individuals where it leads to a significant decrease in performance. This might indicate a decrease in relational processing in TD but not ASD individuals with increasing age. More research is needed to answer questions about the change in cognition in ASD individuals across the lifespan. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=282 An Eye-Movement Study of relational Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Melanie RING in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-10 (October 2017)
[article]
Titre : An Eye-Movement Study of relational Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2981-2991 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Implicit and explicit memory Relational memory Autism Spectrum Disorder Eye movements Encoding and retrieval Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate good memory for single items but difficulties remembering contextual information related to these items. Recently, we found compromised explicit but intact implicit retrieval of object-location information in ASD (Ring et al. Autism Res 8(5):609–619, 2015). Eye-movement data collected from a sub-sample of the participants are the focus of the current paper. At encoding, trial-by-trial viewing durations predicted subsequent retrieval success only in typically developing (TD) participants. During retrieval, TD compared to ASD participants looked significantly longer at previously studied object-locations compared to alternative locations. These findings extend similar observations recently reported by Cooper et al. (Cognition 159:127–138, 2017a) and demonstrate that eye-movement data can shed important light on the source and nature of relational memory difficulties in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3212-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=319
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-10 (October 2017) . - p.2981-2991[article] An Eye-Movement Study of relational Memory in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur . - p.2981-2991.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-10 (October 2017) . - p.2981-2991
Mots-clés : Implicit and explicit memory Relational memory Autism Spectrum Disorder Eye movements Encoding and retrieval Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate good memory for single items but difficulties remembering contextual information related to these items. Recently, we found compromised explicit but intact implicit retrieval of object-location information in ASD (Ring et al. Autism Res 8(5):609–619, 2015). Eye-movement data collected from a sub-sample of the participants are the focus of the current paper. At encoding, trial-by-trial viewing durations predicted subsequent retrieval success only in typically developing (TD) participants. During retrieval, TD compared to ASD participants looked significantly longer at previously studied object-locations compared to alternative locations. These findings extend similar observations recently reported by Cooper et al. (Cognition 159:127–138, 2017a) and demonstrate that eye-movement data can shed important light on the source and nature of relational memory difficulties in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3212-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=319 Linking the Puzzle Pieces of the Past: A Study of Relational Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Rasmine L. H. MOGENSEN in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Linking the Puzzle Pieces of the Past: A Study of Relational Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rasmine L. H. MOGENSEN, Auteur ; Maja B. HEDEGAARD, Auteur ; Ludvig R. OLSEN, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1959-1969 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder executive functions memory memory binding perceptual style relational memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Our memories are made of detailed sensory information representing the puzzle pieces of our personal past. The type of memory integrating sensory features is referred to as relational memory. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether relational memory is affected in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) since altered relational memory may contribute to atypical episodic memory observed in ASD. We also examined the association between perceptual style and relational memory abilities. Children with ASD (n = 14) and typically developed (TD) children (n = 16, 9-15?years old) completed a memory task with three conditions: two single-feature conditions measuring memory for objects and locations, and one relational memory condition measuring memory for objects and their locations combined. The Children's embedded figures test was administered to measure perceptual style. The ASD group selected more incorrect stimuli (false alarms) than the TD group, resulting in a lower proportion of correctly recognized targets across all memory conditions. The ASD group did not display a more local perceptual style than the TD group. However, perceptual style was associated with improved memory abilities across conditions. Our findings indicate that the overall memory performance of children with ASD is less stable, leading them to more incorrect responses than TD children. This may be due to the executive demands of the memory tasks, rather than specific impairments in memory binding. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1959-1969. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: The present study shows that children with autism have a less stable memory than typically developed children, which is reflected in a higher amount of incorrect memory responses. Overall, our results indicate that children with autism display difficulties in differentiating previously studied from novel information when solving both single-feature memory tasks and a relational memory task (requiring memory of combination of features). These difficulties may have implications for how children with autism remember episodes from their personal past. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2379 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433
in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1959-1969[article] Linking the Puzzle Pieces of the Past: A Study of Relational Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rasmine L. H. MOGENSEN, Auteur ; Maja B. HEDEGAARD, Auteur ; Ludvig R. OLSEN, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur . - p.1959-1969.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1959-1969
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder executive functions memory memory binding perceptual style relational memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Our memories are made of detailed sensory information representing the puzzle pieces of our personal past. The type of memory integrating sensory features is referred to as relational memory. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether relational memory is affected in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) since altered relational memory may contribute to atypical episodic memory observed in ASD. We also examined the association between perceptual style and relational memory abilities. Children with ASD (n = 14) and typically developed (TD) children (n = 16, 9-15?years old) completed a memory task with three conditions: two single-feature conditions measuring memory for objects and locations, and one relational memory condition measuring memory for objects and their locations combined. The Children's embedded figures test was administered to measure perceptual style. The ASD group selected more incorrect stimuli (false alarms) than the TD group, resulting in a lower proportion of correctly recognized targets across all memory conditions. The ASD group did not display a more local perceptual style than the TD group. However, perceptual style was associated with improved memory abilities across conditions. Our findings indicate that the overall memory performance of children with ASD is less stable, leading them to more incorrect responses than TD children. This may be due to the executive demands of the memory tasks, rather than specific impairments in memory binding. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1959-1969. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: The present study shows that children with autism have a less stable memory than typically developed children, which is reflected in a higher amount of incorrect memory responses. Overall, our results indicate that children with autism display difficulties in differentiating previously studied from novel information when solving both single-feature memory tasks and a relational memory task (requiring memory of combination of features). These difficulties may have implications for how children with autism remember episodes from their personal past. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2379 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 Episodic Recollection Difficulties in ASD Result from Atypical Relational Encoding: Behavioral and Neural Evidence / Sebastian B. GAIGG in Autism Research, 8-3 (June 2015)
[article]
Titre : Episodic Recollection Difficulties in ASD Result from Atypical Relational Encoding: Behavioral and Neural Evidence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Beatriz CALVO-MERINO, Auteur ; Declan G. MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.317-327 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism relational memory item memory recollection familiarity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Memory functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in the encoding of relational but not item information and difficulties in the recollection of contextually rich episodic memories but not in the retrieval of relatively context-free memories through processes of familiarity. The neural underpinnings of this profile and the extent to which encoding difficulties contribute to retrieval difficulties in ASD remain unclear. Using a paradigm developed by Addis and McAndrews [2006; Neuroimage, 33, 1194–1206] we asked adults with and without a diagnosis of ASD to study word-triplets during functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scanning that varied in the number of category relations amongst component words. Performance at test confirmed attenuated recollection in the context of preserved familiarity based retrieval in ASD. The results also showed that recollection but not familiarity based retrieval increases as a function of category relations in word triads for both groups, indicating a close link between the encoding of relational information and recollection. This link was further supported by the imaging results, where blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal responses in overlapping regions of the inferior prefrontal cortex were sensitive to the relational encoding manipulation as well as the contrast between recollection versus familiarity based retrieval. Interestingly, however, there was no evidence of prefrontal signal differentiation for this latter contrast in the ASD group for whom signal changes in a left hippocampal region were also marginally attenuated. Together, these observations suggest that attenuated levels of episodic recollection in ASD are, at least in part, attributable to anomalies in relational encoding processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261
in Autism Research > 8-3 (June 2015) . - p.317-327[article] Episodic Recollection Difficulties in ASD Result from Atypical Relational Encoding: Behavioral and Neural Evidence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sebastian B. GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Beatriz CALVO-MERINO, Auteur ; Declan G. MURPHY, Auteur . - p.317-327.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 8-3 (June 2015) . - p.317-327
Mots-clés : autism relational memory item memory recollection familiarity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Memory functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in the encoding of relational but not item information and difficulties in the recollection of contextually rich episodic memories but not in the retrieval of relatively context-free memories through processes of familiarity. The neural underpinnings of this profile and the extent to which encoding difficulties contribute to retrieval difficulties in ASD remain unclear. Using a paradigm developed by Addis and McAndrews [2006; Neuroimage, 33, 1194–1206] we asked adults with and without a diagnosis of ASD to study word-triplets during functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scanning that varied in the number of category relations amongst component words. Performance at test confirmed attenuated recollection in the context of preserved familiarity based retrieval in ASD. The results also showed that recollection but not familiarity based retrieval increases as a function of category relations in word triads for both groups, indicating a close link between the encoding of relational information and recollection. This link was further supported by the imaging results, where blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal responses in overlapping regions of the inferior prefrontal cortex were sensitive to the relational encoding manipulation as well as the contrast between recollection versus familiarity based retrieval. Interestingly, however, there was no evidence of prefrontal signal differentiation for this latter contrast in the ASD group for whom signal changes in a left hippocampal region were also marginally attenuated. Together, these observations suggest that attenuated levels of episodic recollection in ASD are, at least in part, attributable to anomalies in relational encoding processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1448 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=261