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Language disorder and retrospectively reported sexual abuse of girls: severity and disclosure / E. B. BROWNLIE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-10 (October 2017)
[article]
Titre : Language disorder and retrospectively reported sexual abuse of girls: severity and disclosure Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. B. BROWNLIE, Auteur ; Eva GRAHAM, Auteur ; Lin BAO, Auteur ; Emiko KOYAMA, Auteur ; Joseph H. BEITCHMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1114-1121 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Language disorder sexual abuse trauma longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite emerging evidence for an association between communication disorders and maltreatment, little research has examined sexual abuse characteristics or disclosure experiences among individuals with language disorder (LD). Given that communication difficulties may constitute a barrier to disclosure, the disclosure experiences among individuals with and without communication difficulties may also differ. Methods Five-year-old children identified with a language and/or speech disorder from a nonclinical community sample and a control group were followed to adulthood in a prospective longitudinal study. At age 31, participants completed a behaviorally specific questionnaire on experiences of sexual abuse and questionnaires on disclosure experiences and social reactions to disclosure. Due to low endorsement of sexual victimization among male participants and low sample size, results are reported for women only and exclude nine participants with speech disorder without LD. Participation rates were 28 of 40 in the LD cohort and 45 of 51 controls. Sexual victimization severity was defined using an index combining five indicators (duration, invasiveness, relationship to perpetrator, coercive tactics used, and number of perpetrators). Subthreshold sexual victimization was defined as a single, noncontact incident with a perpetrator unknown to the child; experiences with greater severity were classified as child sexual abuse. Results Among women who reported sexual victimization by age 18, invasiveness and overall severity were greater in the LD cohort than in the control cohort. Women in the LD cohort (43%) were more likely than controls (16%) to report child sexual abuse, excluding subthreshold experiences. There were no differences between cohorts in probability of disclosure, latency to disclosure, or social reactions. Conclusions Women with a history of child LD in a nonclinical sample reported substantial child sexual abuse experiences. Implications for understanding associations between LD and mental health and for prevention and early intervention are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12723 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=321
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-10 (October 2017) . - p.1114-1121[article] Language disorder and retrospectively reported sexual abuse of girls: severity and disclosure [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. B. BROWNLIE, Auteur ; Eva GRAHAM, Auteur ; Lin BAO, Auteur ; Emiko KOYAMA, Auteur ; Joseph H. BEITCHMAN, Auteur . - p.1114-1121.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-10 (October 2017) . - p.1114-1121
Mots-clés : Language disorder sexual abuse trauma longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite emerging evidence for an association between communication disorders and maltreatment, little research has examined sexual abuse characteristics or disclosure experiences among individuals with language disorder (LD). Given that communication difficulties may constitute a barrier to disclosure, the disclosure experiences among individuals with and without communication difficulties may also differ. Methods Five-year-old children identified with a language and/or speech disorder from a nonclinical community sample and a control group were followed to adulthood in a prospective longitudinal study. At age 31, participants completed a behaviorally specific questionnaire on experiences of sexual abuse and questionnaires on disclosure experiences and social reactions to disclosure. Due to low endorsement of sexual victimization among male participants and low sample size, results are reported for women only and exclude nine participants with speech disorder without LD. Participation rates were 28 of 40 in the LD cohort and 45 of 51 controls. Sexual victimization severity was defined using an index combining five indicators (duration, invasiveness, relationship to perpetrator, coercive tactics used, and number of perpetrators). Subthreshold sexual victimization was defined as a single, noncontact incident with a perpetrator unknown to the child; experiences with greater severity were classified as child sexual abuse. Results Among women who reported sexual victimization by age 18, invasiveness and overall severity were greater in the LD cohort than in the control cohort. Women in the LD cohort (43%) were more likely than controls (16%) to report child sexual abuse, excluding subthreshold experiences. There were no differences between cohorts in probability of disclosure, latency to disclosure, or social reactions. Conclusions Women with a history of child LD in a nonclinical sample reported substantial child sexual abuse experiences. Implications for understanding associations between LD and mental health and for prevention and early intervention are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12723 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=321 The Treatment of the Long-term Sequelae of Child Abuse / Jim STEVENSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40-1 (January 1999)
[article]
Titre : The Treatment of the Long-term Sequelae of Child Abuse Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jim STEVENSON, Auteur Année de publication : 1999 Article en page(s) : p.89-111 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child abuse emotional abuse evaluation intervention neglect sexual abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The literature on the long-term sequelae of sexual and physical abuse is reviewed. Abused children are at risk of long-term adverse psychological sequelae related to the abuse per se and not just as a consequence of other associated background factors. There is some specificity relating the type of psychological outcome to the type of abuse experienced. Physical abuse is just as traumagenic as sexual abuse in the long-term. Whatever the efficacy of specific psychological treatments, there are broad general service measures that will prevent both abuse and re-abuse and therefore impact on long-term sequelae. The studies on the effectiveness of intervention to prevent psychological sequelae of abuse are systematically appraised. There are few well-conducted and adequately controlled studies of the efficacy of treatment for abused children. Where a corpus of studies does exist, e.g. group therapy for sexually abused children, treatment for abused children appears to be as effective for children whose problems arise from other causes. Studies have also shown that abusive parenting can be changed by training. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=124
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 40-1 (January 1999) . - p.89-111[article] The Treatment of the Long-term Sequelae of Child Abuse [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jim STEVENSON, Auteur . - 1999 . - p.89-111.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 40-1 (January 1999) . - p.89-111
Mots-clés : Child abuse emotional abuse evaluation intervention neglect sexual abuse Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The literature on the long-term sequelae of sexual and physical abuse is reviewed. Abused children are at risk of long-term adverse psychological sequelae related to the abuse per se and not just as a consequence of other associated background factors. There is some specificity relating the type of psychological outcome to the type of abuse experienced. Physical abuse is just as traumagenic as sexual abuse in the long-term. Whatever the efficacy of specific psychological treatments, there are broad general service measures that will prevent both abuse and re-abuse and therefore impact on long-term sequelae. The studies on the effectiveness of intervention to prevent psychological sequelae of abuse are systematically appraised. There are few well-conducted and adequately controlled studies of the efficacy of treatment for abused children. Where a corpus of studies does exist, e.g. group therapy for sexually abused children, treatment for abused children appears to be as effective for children whose problems arise from other causes. Studies have also shown that abusive parenting can be changed by training. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=124 Childhood neurodevelopmental disorders and risk of coercive sexual victimization in childhood and adolescence – a population-based prospective twin study / Vide OHLSSON GOTBY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-9 (September 2018)
[article]
Titre : Childhood neurodevelopmental disorders and risk of coercive sexual victimization in childhood and adolescence – a population-based prospective twin study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vide OHLSSON GOTBY, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Niklas LANGSTROM, Auteur ; Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.957-965 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder autism spectrum disorder neuropsychiatric disorders sexual abuse twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and other related neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have, in some previous studies, been shown to increase the risk of being sexually victimized. However, no studies have examined whether the association is driven by a general NDD phenotype versus specific diagnoses, nor the etiology of the association. Method Using a genetically informative, prospective design, we examined the association between ASD and ADHD in childhood and coercive sexual victimization up to age 18. A total of 4,500 children participating in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) were rated by their parents on NDDs at age 9 or 12 years, and self-reported at age 18 on lifetime experiences of coercive sexual touching and/or coercive sex. First, we regressed sexual victimization on the NDDs. Second, we regressed sexual victimization on general and specific NDD symptoms identified via a bifactor model. Third, we decomposed the observed associations into genetic and environmental parts. Results In females, ASD was associated with an almost threefolded increased risk of coercive sexual victimization, and ADHD with a doubled risk. In males, the risk associated with ASD and ADHD was of the same magnitude but not significant. When controlling for overall NDD symptom load ASD or ADHD, no longer uniquely predicted coercive sexual victimization. The association between the NDD general factor and coercive sexual victimization was due to shared genetics. Conclusions General NDD symptom load, rather than specific ASD or ADHD symptoms, seems to be a moderate vulnerability factor for coercive sexual victimization. We speculate that an evocative gene?environment correlation might account for this observation, such that sexual perpetrators actively target NDD individuals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12884 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.957-965[article] Childhood neurodevelopmental disorders and risk of coercive sexual victimization in childhood and adolescence – a population-based prospective twin study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vide OHLSSON GOTBY, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Niklas LANGSTROM, Auteur ; Erik PETTERSSON, Auteur . - p.957-965.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.957-965
Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder autism spectrum disorder neuropsychiatric disorders sexual abuse twins Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and other related neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have, in some previous studies, been shown to increase the risk of being sexually victimized. However, no studies have examined whether the association is driven by a general NDD phenotype versus specific diagnoses, nor the etiology of the association. Method Using a genetically informative, prospective design, we examined the association between ASD and ADHD in childhood and coercive sexual victimization up to age 18. A total of 4,500 children participating in the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden (CATSS) were rated by their parents on NDDs at age 9 or 12 years, and self-reported at age 18 on lifetime experiences of coercive sexual touching and/or coercive sex. First, we regressed sexual victimization on the NDDs. Second, we regressed sexual victimization on general and specific NDD symptoms identified via a bifactor model. Third, we decomposed the observed associations into genetic and environmental parts. Results In females, ASD was associated with an almost threefolded increased risk of coercive sexual victimization, and ADHD with a doubled risk. In males, the risk associated with ASD and ADHD was of the same magnitude but not significant. When controlling for overall NDD symptom load ASD or ADHD, no longer uniquely predicted coercive sexual victimization. The association between the NDD general factor and coercive sexual victimization was due to shared genetics. Conclusions General NDD symptom load, rather than specific ASD or ADHD symptoms, seems to be a moderate vulnerability factor for coercive sexual victimization. We speculate that an evocative gene?environment correlation might account for this observation, such that sexual perpetrators actively target NDD individuals. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12884 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368