120 recherche sur le mot-clé 'top-down'

Associations between retained primitive reflexes and cognitive performance in autism spectrum disorder / Gerry LEISMAN in Research in Autism, 129 (January 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism > 129 (January 2026) . - 202744 Titre : Associations between retained primitive reflexes and cognitive performance in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gerry LEISMAN, Auteur ; Robert MELILLO, Auteur ; Yanin MACHADO-FERRER, Auteur ; Mauricio CHINCHILLA-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Calixto MACHADO, Auteur ; Ty MELILLO, Auteur ; Eli CARMELI, Auteur Année de publication : 2026 Article en page(s) : 202744 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Retained primitive reflexes  Autism spectrum disorder  Cognition  Hemisphere specific training  Bottom-up processing  Maturational delay  Top-down processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective We hypothesized that directing multimodal sensory stimulation to one side of the brain, particularly targeting theoretically underdeveloped networks, would facilitate the integration of hemispheric connectivities, and these changes would be observed alongside improvements in cognitive function in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Method Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (T.E.N.S.) was applied as the primary somatosensory modality to stimulate the right hemisphere, along with retained primitive reflex stimulation. Neuropsychological testing included behavioral scales, academic achievement measures, and IQ subtest scores. In this study, we sought evidence to identify objective deficits that correlated with retained primitive reflexes and cognitive function. We then compared the existence of retained primitive reflexes and cognitive function in each participant before and after hemispheric stimulation, as well as in comparison to a control group receiving sham treatment. Results Support was found for the observation that reduction of retained primitive reflexes following unilateral T.E.N.S. stimulation was associated with concurrent improvements in cognitive performance in ASD. While these findings suggest parallel changes, the present study cannot determine whether reflex integration mediates the cognitive gains or whether both are influenced by broader changes in neural connectivity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2025.202744 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573 [article] Associations between retained primitive reflexes and cognitive performance in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Gerry LEISMAN, Auteur ; Robert MELILLO, Auteur ; Yanin MACHADO-FERRER, Auteur ; Mauricio CHINCHILLA-ACOSTA, Auteur ; Calixto MACHADO, Auteur ; Ty MELILLO, Auteur ; Eli CARMELI, Auteur . - 2026 . - 202744. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism > 129 (January 2026) . - 202744 Mots-clés : Retained primitive reflexes  Autism spectrum disorder  Cognition  Hemisphere specific training  Bottom-up processing  Maturational delay  Top-down processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Objective We hypothesized that directing multimodal sensory stimulation to one side of the brain, particularly targeting theoretically underdeveloped networks, would facilitate the integration of hemispheric connectivities, and these changes would be observed alongside improvements in cognitive function in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Method Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (T.E.N.S.) was applied as the primary somatosensory modality to stimulate the right hemisphere, along with retained primitive reflex stimulation. Neuropsychological testing included behavioral scales, academic achievement measures, and IQ subtest scores. In this study, we sought evidence to identify objective deficits that correlated with retained primitive reflexes and cognitive function. We then compared the existence of retained primitive reflexes and cognitive function in each participant before and after hemispheric stimulation, as well as in comparison to a control group receiving sham treatment. Results Support was found for the observation that reduction of retained primitive reflexes following unilateral T.E.N.S. stimulation was associated with concurrent improvements in cognitive performance in ASD. While these findings suggest parallel changes, the present study cannot determine whether reflex integration mediates the cognitive gains or whether both are influenced by broader changes in neural connectivity. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2025.202744 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573

Auditory processing in noise is associated with complex patterns of disrupted functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder / Fahimeh MAMASHLI in Autism Research, 10-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-4 (April 2017) . - p.631-647 Titre : Auditory processing in noise is associated with complex patterns of disrupted functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fahimeh MAMASHLI, Auteur ; Sheraz KHAN, Auteur ; Hari BHARADWAJ, Auteur ; Konstantinos MICHMIZOS, Auteur ; Santosh GANESAN, Auteur ; Keri-Lee A. GAREL, Auteur ; Javeria ALI HASHMI, Auteur ; Martha R. HERBERT, Auteur ; Matti S. HÄMÄLÄINEN, Auteur ; Tal KENET, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.631-647 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  MEG  auditory  noise  connectivity  feedback  top-down Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with difficulty in processing speech in a noisy background, but the neural mechanisms that underlie this deficit have not been mapped. To address this question, we used magnetoencephalography to compare the cortical responses between ASD and typically developing (TD) individuals to a passive mismatch paradigm. We repeated the paradigm twice, once in a quiet background, and once in the presence of background noise. We focused on both the evoked mismatch field (MMF) response in temporal and frontal cortical locations, and functional connectivity with spectral specificity between those locations. In the quiet condition, we found common neural sources of the MMF response in both groups, in the right temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). In the noise condition, the MMF response in the right IFG was preserved in the TD group, but reduced relative to the quiet condition in ASD group. The MMF response in the right IFG also correlated with severity of ASD. Moreover, in noise, we found significantly reduced normalized coherence (deviant normalized by standard) in ASD relative to TD, in the beta band (14–25 Hz), between left temporal and left inferior frontal sub-regions. However, unnormalized coherence (coherence during deviant or standard) was significantly increased in ASD relative to TD, in multiple frequency bands. Our findings suggest increased recruitment of neural resources in ASD irrespective of the task difficulty, alongside a reduction in top-down modulations, usually mediated by the beta band, needed to mitigate the impact of noise on auditory processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307 [article] Auditory processing in noise is associated with complex patterns of disrupted functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Fahimeh MAMASHLI, Auteur ; Sheraz KHAN, Auteur ; Hari BHARADWAJ, Auteur ; Konstantinos MICHMIZOS, Auteur ; Santosh GANESAN, Auteur ; Keri-Lee A. GAREL, Auteur ; Javeria ALI HASHMI, Auteur ; Martha R. HERBERT, Auteur ; Matti S. HÄMÄLÄINEN, Auteur ; Tal KENET, Auteur . - p.631-647. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-4 (April 2017) . - p.631-647 Mots-clés : autism  MEG  auditory  noise  connectivity  feedback  top-down Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with difficulty in processing speech in a noisy background, but the neural mechanisms that underlie this deficit have not been mapped. To address this question, we used magnetoencephalography to compare the cortical responses between ASD and typically developing (TD) individuals to a passive mismatch paradigm. We repeated the paradigm twice, once in a quiet background, and once in the presence of background noise. We focused on both the evoked mismatch field (MMF) response in temporal and frontal cortical locations, and functional connectivity with spectral specificity between those locations. In the quiet condition, we found common neural sources of the MMF response in both groups, in the right temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). In the noise condition, the MMF response in the right IFG was preserved in the TD group, but reduced relative to the quiet condition in ASD group. The MMF response in the right IFG also correlated with severity of ASD. Moreover, in noise, we found significantly reduced normalized coherence (deviant normalized by standard) in ASD relative to TD, in the beta band (14–25 Hz), between left temporal and left inferior frontal sub-regions. However, unnormalized coherence (coherence during deviant or standard) was significantly increased in ASD relative to TD, in multiple frequency bands. Our findings suggest increased recruitment of neural resources in ASD irrespective of the task difficulty, alongside a reduction in top-down modulations, usually mediated by the beta band, needed to mitigate the impact of noise on auditory processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=307

Color Afterimages in Autistic Adults / John MAULE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-4 (April 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-4 (April 2018) . - p.1409-1421 Titre : Color Afterimages in Autistic Adults Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John MAULE, Auteur ; Kirstie STANWORTH, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Anna FRANKLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1409-1421 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptation  Afterimages  Autism  Color  Top-down knowledge Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that attenuated adaptation to visual stimuli in autism is the result of atypical perceptual priors (e.g., Pellicano and Burr in Trends Cogn Sci 16(10):504-510, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.08.009 ). This study investigated adaptation to color in autistic adults, measuring both strength of afterimage and the influence of top-down knowledge. We found no difference in color afterimage strength between autistic and typical adults. Effects of top-down knowledge on afterimage intensity shown by Lupyan (Acta Psychol 161:117-130, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.08.006 ) were not replicated for either group. This study finds intact color adaptation in autistic adults. This is in contrast to findings of attenuated adaptation to faces and numerosity in autistic children. Future research should investigate the possibility of developmental differences in adaptation and further examine top-down effects on adaptation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2786-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=352 [article] Color Afterimages in Autistic Adults [texte imprimé] / John MAULE, Auteur ; Kirstie STANWORTH, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Anna FRANKLIN, Auteur . - p.1409-1421. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-4 (April 2018) . - p.1409-1421 Mots-clés : Adaptation  Afterimages  Autism  Color  Top-down knowledge Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that attenuated adaptation to visual stimuli in autism is the result of atypical perceptual priors (e.g., Pellicano and Burr in Trends Cogn Sci 16(10):504-510, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.08.009 ). This study investigated adaptation to color in autistic adults, measuring both strength of afterimage and the influence of top-down knowledge. We found no difference in color afterimage strength between autistic and typical adults. Effects of top-down knowledge on afterimage intensity shown by Lupyan (Acta Psychol 161:117-130, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.08.006 ) were not replicated for either group. This study finds intact color adaptation in autistic adults. This is in contrast to findings of attenuated adaptation to faces and numerosity in autistic children. Future research should investigate the possibility of developmental differences in adaptation and further examine top-down effects on adaptation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2786-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=352

Do High-Functioning People with Autism Spectrum Disorder Spontaneously Use Event Knowledge to Selectively Attend to and Remember Context-Relevant Aspects in Scenes? / Eva LOTH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-7 (July 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-7 (July 2011) . - p.945-961 Titre : Do High-Functioning People with Autism Spectrum Disorder Spontaneously Use Event Knowledge to Selectively Attend to and Remember Context-Relevant Aspects in Scenes? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Juan-Carlos GOMEZ, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.945-961 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Top-down processes  Event schemas  Gaze-tracking  Memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study combined an event schema approach with top-down processing perspectives to investigate whether high-functioning children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) spontaneously attend to and remember context-relevant aspects of scenes. Participants read one story of story-pairs (e.g., burglary or tea party). They then inspected a scene (living room) of which some objects were relevant in that context, irrelevant (related to the non-emphasized event) or neutral (scene-schema related). During immediate and delayed recall, only the (TD) groups selectively recalled context-relevant objects, and significantly more context-relevant objects than the ASD groups. Gaze-tracking suggests that one factor in these memory differences may be diminished top-down effects of event schemas on initial attention (first ten fixations) to relevant items in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1124-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=130 [article] Do High-Functioning People with Autism Spectrum Disorder Spontaneously Use Event Knowledge to Selectively Attend to and Remember Context-Relevant Aspects in Scenes? [texte imprimé] / Eva LOTH, Auteur ; Juan-Carlos GOMEZ, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.945-961. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-7 (July 2011) . - p.945-961 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Top-down processes  Event schemas  Gaze-tracking  Memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study combined an event schema approach with top-down processing perspectives to investigate whether high-functioning children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) spontaneously attend to and remember context-relevant aspects of scenes. Participants read one story of story-pairs (e.g., burglary or tea party). They then inspected a scene (living room) of which some objects were relevant in that context, irrelevant (related to the non-emphasized event) or neutral (scene-schema related). During immediate and delayed recall, only the (TD) groups selectively recalled context-relevant objects, and significantly more context-relevant objects than the ASD groups. Gaze-tracking suggests that one factor in these memory differences may be diminished top-down effects of event schemas on initial attention (first ten fixations) to relevant items in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1124-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=130

A resting EEG study of neocortical hyperexcitability and altered functional connectivity in fragile X syndrome / Jing WANG in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 9-1 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.11 Titre : A resting EEG study of neocortical hyperexcitability and altered functional connectivity in fragile X syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jing WANG, Auteur ; Lauren E ETHRIDGE, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur ; Stormi P. WHITE, Auteur ; Devin K. BINDER, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Matthew J. BYERLY, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.11 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cross-frequency coupling  Eeg  Fragile X syndrome  Gamma  Hyperexcitability  Top-down modulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Cortical hyperexcitability due to abnormal fast-spiking inhibitory interneuron function has been documented in fmr1 KO mice, a mouse model of the fragile X syndrome which is the most common single gene cause of autism and intellectual disability. METHODS: We collected resting state dense-array electroencephalography data from 21 fragile X syndrome (FXS) patients and 21 age-matched healthy participants. RESULTS: FXS patients exhibited greater gamma frequency band power, which was correlated with social and sensory processing difficulties. Second, FXS patients showed increased spatial spreading of phase-synchronized high frequency neural activity in the gamma band. Third, we observed increased negative theta-to-gamma but decreased alpha-to-gamma band amplitude coupling, and the level of increased theta power was inversely related to the level of resting gamma power in FXS. CONCLUSIONS: Increased theta band power and coupling from frontal sources may represent a mechanism providing compensatory inhibition of high-frequency gamma band activity, potentially contributing to the widely varying level of neurophysiological and behavioral abnormalities and treatment response seen in full-mutation FXS patients. These findings extend preclinical observations and provide new mechanistic insights into brain alterations and their variability across FXS patients. Electrophysiological measures may provide useful translational biomarkers for advancing drug development and individualizing treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders with associated neuronal hyperexcitability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9191-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350 [article] A resting EEG study of neocortical hyperexcitability and altered functional connectivity in fragile X syndrome [texte imprimé] / Jing WANG, Auteur ; Lauren E ETHRIDGE, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur ; Stormi P. WHITE, Auteur ; Devin K. BINDER, Auteur ; Ernest V. PEDAPATI, Auteur ; Craig ERICKSON, Auteur ; Matthew J. BYERLY, Auteur ; John A. SWEENEY, Auteur . - p.11. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 9-1 (December 2017) . - p.11 Mots-clés : Cross-frequency coupling  Eeg  Fragile X syndrome  Gamma  Hyperexcitability  Top-down modulation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Cortical hyperexcitability due to abnormal fast-spiking inhibitory interneuron function has been documented in fmr1 KO mice, a mouse model of the fragile X syndrome which is the most common single gene cause of autism and intellectual disability. METHODS: We collected resting state dense-array electroencephalography data from 21 fragile X syndrome (FXS) patients and 21 age-matched healthy participants. RESULTS: FXS patients exhibited greater gamma frequency band power, which was correlated with social and sensory processing difficulties. Second, FXS patients showed increased spatial spreading of phase-synchronized high frequency neural activity in the gamma band. Third, we observed increased negative theta-to-gamma but decreased alpha-to-gamma band amplitude coupling, and the level of increased theta power was inversely related to the level of resting gamma power in FXS. CONCLUSIONS: Increased theta band power and coupling from frontal sources may represent a mechanism providing compensatory inhibition of high-frequency gamma band activity, potentially contributing to the widely varying level of neurophysiological and behavioral abnormalities and treatment response seen in full-mutation FXS patients. These findings extend preclinical observations and provide new mechanistic insights into brain alterations and their variability across FXS patients. Electrophysiological measures may provide useful translational biomarkers for advancing drug development and individualizing treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders with associated neuronal hyperexcitability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-017-9191-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=350

Atypical Categorical Perception in Autism: Autonomy of Discrimination? / Isabelle SOULIERES in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-3 (March 2007)  

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Cognitive Orientation of daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP): une approche d'intervention en ergothérapie adaptée aux enfants présentant des troubles neurodéveloppementaux / L. ROUAULT in Approche Neuropsychologique des Apprentissages chez l'Enfant - A.N.A.E., 172 (Juin 2021)

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Continuing to look in the mirror: A review of neuroscientific evidence for the broken mirror hypothesis, EP-M model and STORM model of autism spectrum conditions / Luke YATES in Autism, 24-8 (November 2020)  

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Disturbed Interplay Between Mid- and High-Level Vision in ASD? Evidence from a Contour Identification Task with Everyday Objects / Kris EVERS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-4 (April 2014)  

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Free Classification as a Window on Executive Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Margaret MCGONIGLE-CHALMERS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40-7 (July 2010)  

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