Dépouillements

Diagnostic trends in autistic spectrum disorders in the South Wales valleys / A.H.A. LATIF in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.479-487 Titre : Diagnostic trends in autistic spectrum disorders in the South Wales valleys Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A.H.A. LATIF, Auteur ; W.R. WILLIAMS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.479-487 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome Autistic-spectrum-disorder Prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study provides an analysis of the diagnostic trends in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) for children aged under 17 years in the Rhondda and Taff Ely districts of South Wales. In the period 1988—2004, 336 children received a diagnosis of ASD and represent the case registry data of one community paediatric team. For the period 1994—2003, the caseload of 267 comprised Asperger (58%), Kanner (20%) and `other forms' of autism (22%). In comparison to the previous 5 year period, diagnosis of ASD in 1999—2003 increased for Asperger (2.9 fold) and `other forms' (4.4) but decreased for Kanner autism (0.69). Male:female gender ratios and age at diagnosis fell for all subcategories of ASD. Prevalences per 10,000 children born in Rhondda Taff Ely are ASD 61.2, Asperger 35.4, Kanner autism 12.7, and `other forms' 13.0. Detected prevalences and trends for ASD are in line with national standards and do not show an increase for Kanner autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083256 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Diagnostic trends in autistic spectrum disorders in the South Wales valleys [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A.H.A. LATIF, Auteur ; W.R. WILLIAMS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.479-487. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.479-487 Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome Autistic-spectrum-disorder Prevalence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study provides an analysis of the diagnostic trends in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) for children aged under 17 years in the Rhondda and Taff Ely districts of South Wales. In the period 1988—2004, 336 children received a diagnosis of ASD and represent the case registry data of one community paediatric team. For the period 1994—2003, the caseload of 267 comprised Asperger (58%), Kanner (20%) and `other forms' of autism (22%). In comparison to the previous 5 year period, diagnosis of ASD in 1999—2003 increased for Asperger (2.9 fold) and `other forms' (4.4) but decreased for Kanner autism (0.69). Male:female gender ratios and age at diagnosis fell for all subcategories of ASD. Prevalences per 10,000 children born in Rhondda Taff Ely are ASD 61.2, Asperger 35.4, Kanner autism 12.7, and `other forms' 13.0. Detected prevalences and trends for ASD are in line with national standards and do not show an increase for Kanner autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083256 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Locus of control fails to mediate between stress and anxiety and depression in parents of children with a developmental disorder / Sarah HAMLYN-WRIGHT in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.489-501 Titre : Locus of control fails to mediate between stress and anxiety and depression in parents of children with a developmental disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah HAMLYN-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Riccardo DRAGHI-LORENZ, Auteur ; Jason ELLIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.489-501 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety Depression Developmental-disorder Locus-of-control Parents Stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Stress, anxiety and depression are raised amongst parents of children with a developmental disorder. However, the processes by which stress leads to depression and anxiety are poorly understood. In a cross-sectional survey, levels of parental stress, depression and anxiety were compared between parents of children with an autistic disorder, children with Down's syndrome and children with no disorder (N = 619) and the mediational role of locus of control was examined. Anxiety and depression were higher in parents of children with a disorder, and highest in parents of children with autism. Locus of control was more external in parents of children with autism. Locus of control failed to mediate the relationship between stress and both anxiety and depression in parents of children with a disorder. This suggests that help for parents of a child with a disorder may be effective if focused on the sources of stress rather than perceived control over events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Locus of control fails to mediate between stress and anxiety and depression in parents of children with a developmental disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah HAMLYN-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Riccardo DRAGHI-LORENZ, Auteur ; Jason ELLIS, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.489-501. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.489-501 Mots-clés : Anxiety Depression Developmental-disorder Locus-of-control Parents Stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Stress, anxiety and depression are raised amongst parents of children with a developmental disorder. However, the processes by which stress leads to depression and anxiety are poorly understood. In a cross-sectional survey, levels of parental stress, depression and anxiety were compared between parents of children with an autistic disorder, children with Down's syndrome and children with no disorder (N = 619) and the mediational role of locus of control was examined. Anxiety and depression were higher in parents of children with a disorder, and highest in parents of children with autism. Locus of control was more external in parents of children with autism. Locus of control failed to mediate the relationship between stress and both anxiety and depression in parents of children with a disorder. This suggests that help for parents of a child with a disorder may be effective if focused on the sources of stress rather than perceived control over events. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083258 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Do children with autism acknowledge the influence of mood on behaviour? / Sander BEGEER in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.503-521 Titre : Do children with autism acknowledge the influence of mood on behaviour? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Carolien RIEFFE, Auteur ; Mark MEERUM TERWOGT, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Hedy STEGGE, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.503-521 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Emotion Pragmatics Understanding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We tested whether children with and without high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASD) differ in their understanding of the influence of mood states on behaviour. A total of 122 children with HFASD or typical development were asked to predict and explain the behaviour of story characters during hypothetical social interactions. HFASD and typically developing children predicted at equal rates that mood states likely result in similar valenced behaviour. `Explicit' descriptions were used to explain predictions more often by children with HFASD than by typically developing children. However, `implicit' and `irrelevant' descriptions elicited fewer mood references among HFASD children. Furthermore, they less often referred to the uncertainty of the influence of mood on behaviour, and less often used mood-related explanations, in particular when they had to rely on implicit information. This may indicate a rote- rather than self-generated understanding of emotions in children with HFASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083262 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Do children with autism acknowledge the influence of mood on behaviour? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sander BEGEER, Auteur ; Carolien RIEFFE, Auteur ; Mark MEERUM TERWOGT, Auteur ; Hans M. KOOT, Auteur ; Hedy STEGGE, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.503-521. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.503-521 Mots-clés : Autism Emotion Pragmatics Understanding Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We tested whether children with and without high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFASD) differ in their understanding of the influence of mood states on behaviour. A total of 122 children with HFASD or typical development were asked to predict and explain the behaviour of story characters during hypothetical social interactions. HFASD and typically developing children predicted at equal rates that mood states likely result in similar valenced behaviour. `Explicit' descriptions were used to explain predictions more often by children with HFASD than by typically developing children. However, `implicit' and `irrelevant' descriptions elicited fewer mood references among HFASD children. Furthermore, they less often referred to the uncertainty of the influence of mood on behaviour, and less often used mood-related explanations, in particular when they had to rely on implicit information. This may indicate a rote- rather than self-generated understanding of emotions in children with HFASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083262 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Temporal context memory in high-functioning autism / Agnès GRAS-VINCENDON in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.523-534 Titre : Temporal context memory in high-functioning autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Agnès GRAS-VINCENDON, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Claude BURSZTEJN, Auteur ; Pierre SALAME, Auteur ; Jean-Marie DANION, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.523-534 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome Autism Episodic-memory Temporal-context-memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Episodic memory, i.e. memory for specific episodes situated in space and time, seems impaired in individuals with autism. According to weak central coherence theory, individuals with autism have general difficulty connecting contextual and item information which then impairs their capacity to memorize information in context. This study investigated temporal context memory for visual information in individuals with autism. Eighteen adolescents and adults with high-functioning autism (HFA) or Asperger syndrome (AS) and age- and IQmatched typically developing participants were tested using a recency judgement task. The performance of the autistic group did not differ from that of the control group, nor did the performance between the AS and HFA groups. We conclude that autism in high-functioning individuals does not impair temporal context memory as assessed on this task. We suggest that individuals with autism are as efficient on this task as typically developing subjects because contextual memory performance here involves more automatic than organizational processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083257 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Temporal context memory in high-functioning autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Agnès GRAS-VINCENDON, Auteur ; Laurent MOTTRON, Auteur ; Claude BURSZTEJN, Auteur ; Pierre SALAME, Auteur ; Jean-Marie DANION, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.523-534. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.523-534 Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome Autism Episodic-memory Temporal-context-memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Episodic memory, i.e. memory for specific episodes situated in space and time, seems impaired in individuals with autism. According to weak central coherence theory, individuals with autism have general difficulty connecting contextual and item information which then impairs their capacity to memorize information in context. This study investigated temporal context memory for visual information in individuals with autism. Eighteen adolescents and adults with high-functioning autism (HFA) or Asperger syndrome (AS) and age- and IQmatched typically developing participants were tested using a recency judgement task. The performance of the autistic group did not differ from that of the control group, nor did the performance between the AS and HFA groups. We conclude that autism in high-functioning individuals does not impair temporal context memory as assessed on this task. We suggest that individuals with autism are as efficient on this task as typically developing subjects because contextual memory performance here involves more automatic than organizational processing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083257 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Children with autism's response to novel stimuli while participating in interventions targeting joint attention or symbolic play skills / Amanda C. GULSRUD in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.535-546 Titre : Children with autism's response to novel stimuli while participating in interventions targeting joint attention or symbolic play skills Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amanda C. GULSRUD, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur ; Stephanny FREEMAN, Auteur ; Tanya PAPARELLA, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.535-546 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Generalization Intervention Joint-attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Thirty-five children diagnosed with autism were randomly assigned to either a joint attention or a symbolic play intervention. During the 5—8 week treatment, three novel probes were administered to determine mastery of joint attention skills. The probes consisted of auditory and visual stimuli, such as a loud spider crawling or a musical ball bouncing. The current study examined affect, gaze, joint attention behaviors, and verbalizations at three different time points of intervention. Results revealed that children randomized to the joint attention group were more likely to acknowledge the probe and engage in shared interactions between intervener and probe upon termination of intervention. Additionally, the joint attention group improved in the proportion of time spent sharing coordinated joint looks between intervener and probe. These results suggest that generalization of joint attention skills to a novel probe did occur for the group targeting joint attention and provides further evidence of the effectiveness of the joint attention intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083255 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Children with autism's response to novel stimuli while participating in interventions targeting joint attention or symbolic play skills [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amanda C. GULSRUD, Auteur ; Connie KASARI, Auteur ; Stephanny FREEMAN, Auteur ; Tanya PAPARELLA, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.535-546. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.535-546 Mots-clés : Autism Generalization Intervention Joint-attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Thirty-five children diagnosed with autism were randomly assigned to either a joint attention or a symbolic play intervention. During the 5—8 week treatment, three novel probes were administered to determine mastery of joint attention skills. The probes consisted of auditory and visual stimuli, such as a loud spider crawling or a musical ball bouncing. The current study examined affect, gaze, joint attention behaviors, and verbalizations at three different time points of intervention. Results revealed that children randomized to the joint attention group were more likely to acknowledge the probe and engage in shared interactions between intervener and probe upon termination of intervention. Additionally, the joint attention group improved in the proportion of time spent sharing coordinated joint looks between intervener and probe. These results suggest that generalization of joint attention skills to a novel probe did occur for the group targeting joint attention and provides further evidence of the effectiveness of the joint attention intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083255 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Mathematical ability of students with Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism / Hsu-Min CHIANG in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.547-556 Titre : Mathematical ability of students with Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hsu-Min CHIANG, Auteur ; Yueh-Hsien LIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.547-556 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome High-functioning-autism Mathematics Review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This article reviews studies investigating cognitive ability and academic achievement of students with Asperger syndrome (AS) and high-functioning autism (HFA). Particular emphasis is placed on the mathematical ability of people with AS/HFA. A preliminary analysis of empirical data is presented. Findings indicate that: (1) the majority of individuals with AS/HFA have average mathematical ability; (2) the majority of individuals with AS/HFA have a significant but clinically modest math weakness; (3) some individuals with AS/HFA have mathematical giftedness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083259 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Mathematical ability of students with Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hsu-Min CHIANG, Auteur ; Yueh-Hsien LIN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.547-556. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.547-556 Mots-clés : Asperger-syndrome High-functioning-autism Mathematics Review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This article reviews studies investigating cognitive ability and academic achievement of students with Asperger syndrome (AS) and high-functioning autism (HFA). Particular emphasis is placed on the mathematical ability of people with AS/HFA. A preliminary analysis of empirical data is presented. Findings indicate that: (1) the majority of individuals with AS/HFA have average mathematical ability; (2) the majority of individuals with AS/HFA have a significant but clinically modest math weakness; (3) some individuals with AS/HFA have mathematical giftedness. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083259 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Comparative minicolumnar morphometry of three distinguished scientists / Manuel F. CASANOVA in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.557-569 Titre : Comparative minicolumnar morphometry of three distinguished scientists Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Manuel F. CASANOVA, Auteur ; Andrew E. SWITALA, Auteur ; Juan TRIPPE, Auteur ; Michael FITZGERALD, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.557-569 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Creativity Minicolumns Neocortex Neuropathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that the cell minicolumn is the smallest module capable of information processing within the brain. In this case series, photomicrographs of six regions of interests (Brodmann areas 4, 9, 17, 21, 22, and 40) were analyzed by computerized image analysis for minicolumnar morphometry in the brains of three distinguished scientists and six normative controls. Overall, there were significant differences (p < 0.001) between the comparison groups in both minicolumnar width (CW) and mean cell spacing (MCS). Although our scientists did not exhibit deficits in communication or interpersonal skills, the resultant minicolumnar phenotype bears similarity to that described for both autism and Asperger's syndrome. Computer modeling has shown that smaller columns account for discrimination among signals during information processing. A minicolumnar phenotype that provides for discrimination and/or focused attention may help explain the savant abilities observed in some autistic people and the intellectually gifted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083261 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218 [article] Comparative minicolumnar morphometry of three distinguished scientists [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Manuel F. CASANOVA, Auteur ; Andrew E. SWITALA, Auteur ; Juan TRIPPE, Auteur ; Michael FITZGERALD, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.557-569. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.557-569 Mots-clés : Creativity Minicolumns Neocortex Neuropathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It has been suggested that the cell minicolumn is the smallest module capable of information processing within the brain. In this case series, photomicrographs of six regions of interests (Brodmann areas 4, 9, 17, 21, 22, and 40) were analyzed by computerized image analysis for minicolumnar morphometry in the brains of three distinguished scientists and six normative controls. Overall, there were significant differences (p < 0.001) between the comparison groups in both minicolumnar width (CW) and mean cell spacing (MCS). Although our scientists did not exhibit deficits in communication or interpersonal skills, the resultant minicolumnar phenotype bears similarity to that described for both autism and Asperger's syndrome. Computer modeling has shown that smaller columns account for discrimination among signals during information processing. A minicolumnar phenotype that provides for discrimination and/or focused attention may help explain the savant abilities observed in some autistic people and the intellectually gifted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083261 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=218

Editorial / Rita JORDAN in Autism, 11-6 (November 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.475-478 Titre : Editorial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rita JORDAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.475-478 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307084797 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=167 [article] Editorial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rita JORDAN, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.475-478. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 11-6 (November 2007) . - p.475-478 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361307084797 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=167