Impact of familiarity upon children's developing facial expression recognition / Catherine M. HERBA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-2 (February 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-2 (February 2008) . - p.201–210 Titre : Impact of familiarity upon children's developing facial expression recognition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine M. HERBA, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Tamara RUSSELL, Auteur ; Mary L. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Claire GOODWIN, Auteur ; Erwin LEMCHE, Auteur ; Philip F. BENSON, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.201–210 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child-development emotional-expression emotion-recognition development facial-expression familiar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The impact of personal familiarity upon children's developing emotion-processing has been largely ignored in previous research, yet may prove particularly important given the emotional salience of such stimuli and children's greater exposure to familiar others compared to strangers. We examined the impact of personal familiarity upon developing facial expression recognition (FER). Methods: Participants included 153 children, 4–15 years old. We employed dynamic expressions of five emotions (happy, sad, anger, fear, disgust), posed by familiar (parents, teachers) and unfamiliar identities. Results: Accuracy improved with age for recognising sad and fear expressions, but not anger. Children tended to correctly recognise happiness and fear at lower intensities. The impact of familiarity on FER depended on emotion-category. Familiarity did not affect recognition of sad expressions, but children were less accurate at recognising anger, fear, and disgust in familiar individuals compared to strangers. Conclusion: Personal familiarity may exert a distracting effect on children's performance. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating different emotion-categories and familiarity when examining the development of FER. Clinical implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01835.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320 [article] Impact of familiarity upon children's developing facial expression recognition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine M. HERBA, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur ; Sabine LANDAU, Auteur ; Tamara RUSSELL, Auteur ; Mary L. PHILLIPS, Auteur ; Claire GOODWIN, Auteur ; Erwin LEMCHE, Auteur ; Philip F. BENSON, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.201–210. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-2 (February 2008) . - p.201–210 Mots-clés : Child-development emotional-expression emotion-recognition development facial-expression familiar Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The impact of personal familiarity upon children's developing emotion-processing has been largely ignored in previous research, yet may prove particularly important given the emotional salience of such stimuli and children's greater exposure to familiar others compared to strangers. We examined the impact of personal familiarity upon developing facial expression recognition (FER). Methods: Participants included 153 children, 4–15 years old. We employed dynamic expressions of five emotions (happy, sad, anger, fear, disgust), posed by familiar (parents, teachers) and unfamiliar identities. Results: Accuracy improved with age for recognising sad and fear expressions, but not anger. Children tended to correctly recognise happiness and fear at lower intensities. The impact of familiarity on FER depended on emotion-category. Familiarity did not affect recognition of sad expressions, but children were less accurate at recognising anger, fear, and disgust in familiar individuals compared to strangers. Conclusion: Personal familiarity may exert a distracting effect on children's performance. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating different emotion-categories and familiarity when examining the development of FER. Clinical implications are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01835.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=320

Repetitive and stereotyped behaviours in pervasive developmental disorders / Iris CARCANI-RATHWELL in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47-6 (June 2006)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-6 (June 2006) . - p.573–581 Titre : Repetitive and stereotyped behaviours in pervasive developmental disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Iris CARCANI-RATHWELL, Auteur ; Sophia RABE-HESKETH, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p.573–581 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Repetitive-and-stereotyped-behaviours sensory-and-motor-stereotypies cognitive-rigidity pervasive-developmental-disorders autism mental-retardation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Repetitive and stereotyped behaviours are a heterogeneous group of behaviours present in many neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite their core significance in PDD, it is not clear whether there are distinct groups of these behaviours with different specificity to autism. Methods: A two-factor model of the repetitive behaviours, namely sensory/motor (lower-order) and cognitive rigidity (higher-order), was conceptualised. The model's goodness of fit to the data was examined in a clinic population of children with PDD, with and without mental retardation, and of those with only mental retardation (MR). Results: Subjects with PDD had higher rates of all repetitive behaviours compared to those with MR only. The existence of two independent 'lower-order' and 'higher-order' sub-groups of the repetitive behaviours was confirmed only in the MR group. The lower-order behaviours appear to be associated more with global developmental problems, whereas the higher-order behaviours were significantly associated with ruminations in the PDD group. Conclusions: This study suggests that there may be two distinct sub-groups of repetitive behaviours whereby the sensory and motor repetitive behaviours are generally associated with lower developmental age and less specific to the autistic syndrome whereas the 'higher-order' behaviours may be a more 'autism specific' feature. The co-occurrence of the lower- and higher-order behaviours in PDD might reflect the end result of diffuse altered neural networks in these disorders thus being a specific feature of PDD. There is a need for more systematic studies of these behaviours not only in autistic disorders but also in other neuropsychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01565.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=742 [article] Repetitive and stereotyped behaviours in pervasive developmental disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Iris CARCANI-RATHWELL, Auteur ; Sophia RABE-HESKETH, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur . - 2006 . - p.573–581. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 47-6 (June 2006) . - p.573–581 Mots-clés : Repetitive-and-stereotyped-behaviours sensory-and-motor-stereotypies cognitive-rigidity pervasive-developmental-disorders autism mental-retardation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Repetitive and stereotyped behaviours are a heterogeneous group of behaviours present in many neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite their core significance in PDD, it is not clear whether there are distinct groups of these behaviours with different specificity to autism. Methods: A two-factor model of the repetitive behaviours, namely sensory/motor (lower-order) and cognitive rigidity (higher-order), was conceptualised. The model's goodness of fit to the data was examined in a clinic population of children with PDD, with and without mental retardation, and of those with only mental retardation (MR). Results: Subjects with PDD had higher rates of all repetitive behaviours compared to those with MR only. The existence of two independent 'lower-order' and 'higher-order' sub-groups of the repetitive behaviours was confirmed only in the MR group. The lower-order behaviours appear to be associated more with global developmental problems, whereas the higher-order behaviours were significantly associated with ruminations in the PDD group. Conclusions: This study suggests that there may be two distinct sub-groups of repetitive behaviours whereby the sensory and motor repetitive behaviours are generally associated with lower developmental age and less specific to the autistic syndrome whereas the 'higher-order' behaviours may be a more 'autism specific' feature. The co-occurrence of the lower- and higher-order behaviours in PDD might reflect the end result of diffuse altered neural networks in these disorders thus being a specific feature of PDD. There is a need for more systematic studies of these behaviours not only in autistic disorders but also in other neuropsychiatric disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01565.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=742

Youth meeting symptom and impairment criteria for mania-like episodes lasting less than four days: an epidemiological enquiry / Argyris STRINGARIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-1 (January 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.31-38 Titre : Youth meeting symptom and impairment criteria for mania-like episodes lasting less than four days: an epidemiological enquiry Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.31-38 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bipolar-disorder manic-episodes attention-deficit hyperactivity-disorder oppositional-defiant-disorder conduct-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Little is known about short-duration episodes of mania-like symptoms in youth. Here we determine the prevalence, morbid associations, and contribution to social impairment of a phenotype characterised by episodes during which symptom and impairment criteria for mania are met, but DSM-IV duration criteria are not (bipolar not otherwise specified; BP-NOS). Methods: A cross-sectional national survey of a sample (N = 5,326) of 8–19-year-olds from the general population using information from parents and youth. Outcome measures were prevalence rates and morbid associations assessed by the Developmental and Well-Being Assessment, and social impairment assessed by the impact scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: While only seven individuals (.1%) met definite or probable DSM-IV criteria for BPI or BPII, the prevalence of BP-NOS was 10-fold higher, 1.1% by parent report and 1.5% by youth report. Parent–youth agreement was very low: κ = .02, p > .05 for BP-NOS. Prevalence and episode duration for BP-NOS did not vary by age. BP-NOS showed strong associations with externalising disorders. After adjusting for a dimensional measure of general psychopathology, self-reported (but not parent-reported) BP-NOS remained associated with overall social impairment. Conclusions: BP meeting full DSM-IV criteria is rare in youth. BP-NOS, defined by episodes shorter than those required by DSM-IV, but during which DSM-IV symptom and impairment criteria are met, is commoner and may be associated with social impairment that is beyond what can be accounted for by other psychopathology. These findings support the importance of research into these short episodes during which manic symptoms are met in youth but they also call into question the extent to which BP-NOS in youth is a variant of DSM-IV BP – superficially similar symptoms may not necessarily imply deeper similarities in aetiology or treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02129.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939 [article] Youth meeting symptom and impairment criteria for mania-like episodes lasting less than four days: an epidemiological enquiry [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Argyris STRINGARIS, Auteur ; Paramala J. SANTOSH, Auteur ; Robert GOODMAN, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.31-38. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-1 (January 2010) . - p.31-38 Mots-clés : Bipolar-disorder manic-episodes attention-deficit hyperactivity-disorder oppositional-defiant-disorder conduct-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Little is known about short-duration episodes of mania-like symptoms in youth. Here we determine the prevalence, morbid associations, and contribution to social impairment of a phenotype characterised by episodes during which symptom and impairment criteria for mania are met, but DSM-IV duration criteria are not (bipolar not otherwise specified; BP-NOS). Methods: A cross-sectional national survey of a sample (N = 5,326) of 8–19-year-olds from the general population using information from parents and youth. Outcome measures were prevalence rates and morbid associations assessed by the Developmental and Well-Being Assessment, and social impairment assessed by the impact scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: While only seven individuals (.1%) met definite or probable DSM-IV criteria for BPI or BPII, the prevalence of BP-NOS was 10-fold higher, 1.1% by parent report and 1.5% by youth report. Parent–youth agreement was very low: κ = .02, p > .05 for BP-NOS. Prevalence and episode duration for BP-NOS did not vary by age. BP-NOS showed strong associations with externalising disorders. After adjusting for a dimensional measure of general psychopathology, self-reported (but not parent-reported) BP-NOS remained associated with overall social impairment. Conclusions: BP meeting full DSM-IV criteria is rare in youth. BP-NOS, defined by episodes shorter than those required by DSM-IV, but during which DSM-IV symptom and impairment criteria are met, is commoner and may be associated with social impairment that is beyond what can be accounted for by other psychopathology. These findings support the importance of research into these short episodes during which manic symptoms are met in youth but they also call into question the extent to which BP-NOS in youth is a variant of DSM-IV BP – superficially similar symptoms may not necessarily imply deeper similarities in aetiology or treatment response. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02129.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=939

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