Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial / Mark J. D. JORDANS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-7 (July 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.818-826 Titre : Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark J. D. JORDANS, Auteur ; Ivan H. KOMPROE, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur ; Joop T.V.M. DE JONG, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur ; Nagendra P. LUITEL, Auteur ; Robert D. MACY, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.818-826 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychosocial war children efficacy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: In situations of ongoing violence, childhood psychosocial and mental health problems require care. However, resources and evidence for adequate interventions are scarce for children in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated a school-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected, rural Nepal. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate changes on a range of indicators, including psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder), psychological difficulties, resilience indicators (hope, prosocial behavior) and function impairment. Children (n = 325) (mean age = 12.7, SD = 1.04, range 11–14 years) with elevated psychosocial distress were allocated to a treatment or waitlist group. Results: Comparisons of crude change scores showed significant between-group differences on several outcome indicators, with moderate effect sizes (Cohen d = .41 to .58). After correcting for nested variance within schools, no evidence for treatment effects was found on any outcome variable. Additional analyses showed gender effects for treatment on prosocial behavior (mean change difference: 2.70; 95% CI, .97 to 4.44), psychological difficulties (−2.19; 95% CI, −3.82 to −.56), and aggression (−4.42; 95% CI, −6.16 to −2.67). An age effect for treatment was found for hope (.90; 95% CI, −1.54 to −.26). Conclusions: A school-based psychosocial intervention demonstrated moderate short-term beneficial effects for improving social-behavioral and resilience indicators among subgroups of children exposed to armed conflict. The intervention reduced psychological difficulties and aggression among boys, increased prosocial behavior among girls, and increased hope for older children. The intervention did not result in reduction of psychiatric symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02209.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101 [article] Evaluation of a classroom-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected Nepal: a cluster randomized controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark J. D. JORDANS, Auteur ; Ivan H. KOMPROE, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur ; Joop T.V.M. DE JONG, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur ; Nagendra P. LUITEL, Auteur ; Robert D. MACY, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.818-826. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 51-7 (July 2010) . - p.818-826 Mots-clés : Psychosocial war children efficacy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: In situations of ongoing violence, childhood psychosocial and mental health problems require care. However, resources and evidence for adequate interventions are scarce for children in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated a school-based psychosocial intervention in conflict-affected, rural Nepal. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was used to evaluate changes on a range of indicators, including psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder), psychological difficulties, resilience indicators (hope, prosocial behavior) and function impairment. Children (n = 325) (mean age = 12.7, SD = 1.04, range 11–14 years) with elevated psychosocial distress were allocated to a treatment or waitlist group. Results: Comparisons of crude change scores showed significant between-group differences on several outcome indicators, with moderate effect sizes (Cohen d = .41 to .58). After correcting for nested variance within schools, no evidence for treatment effects was found on any outcome variable. Additional analyses showed gender effects for treatment on prosocial behavior (mean change difference: 2.70; 95% CI, .97 to 4.44), psychological difficulties (−2.19; 95% CI, −3.82 to −.56), and aggression (−4.42; 95% CI, −6.16 to −2.67). An age effect for treatment was found for hope (.90; 95% CI, −1.54 to −.26). Conclusions: A school-based psychosocial intervention demonstrated moderate short-term beneficial effects for improving social-behavioral and resilience indicators among subgroups of children exposed to armed conflict. The intervention reduced psychological difficulties and aggression among boys, increased prosocial behavior among girls, and increased hope for older children. The intervention did not result in reduction of psychiatric symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02209.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101

Psychosocial interventions for disruptive behaviour problems in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis / Matthew D. BURKEY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-9 (September 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.982-993 Titre : Psychosocial interventions for disruptive behaviour problems in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Matthew D. BURKEY, Auteur ; Megan HOSEIN, Auteur ; Isabella MORTON, Auteur ; Marianna PURGATO, Auteur ; Ahmad ADI, Auteur ; Mark KURZROK, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.982-993 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child behaviour  disruptive behaviour disorders  psychosocial interventions  low-income countries  meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Most of the evidence for psychosocial interventions for disruptive behaviour problems comes from Western, high-income countries. The transferability of this evidence to culturally diverse, low-resource settings with few mental health specialists is unknown. Methods We conducted a systematic review with random-effects meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of psychosocial interventions on reducing behaviour problems among children (under 18) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Results Twenty-six randomized controlled trials (representing 28 psychosocial interventions), evaluating 4,441 subjects, met selection criteria. Fifteen (54%) prevention interventions targeted general or at-risk populations, whereas 13 (46%) treatment interventions targeted children selected for elevated behaviour problems. Most interventions were delivered in group settings (96%) and half (50%) were administered by non-specialist providers. The overall effect (standardized mean difference, SMD) of prevention studies was ?0.25 (95% confidence interval (CI): ?0.41 to ?0.09; I2: 78%) and of treatment studies was ?0.56 (95% CI: ?0.51 to ?0.24; I2: 74%). Subgroup analyses demonstrated effectiveness for child-focused (SMD: ?0.35; 95% CI: ?0.57 to ?0.14) and behavioural parenting interventions (SMD: ?0.43; 95% CI: ?0.66 to ?0.20), and that interventions were effective across age ranges. Conclusions Our meta-analysis supports the use of psychosocial interventions as a feasible and effective way to reduce disruptive behaviour problems among children in LMIC. Our study provides strong evidence for child-focused and behavioural parenting interventions, interventions across age ranges and interventions delivered in groups. Additional research is needed on training and supervision of non-specialists and on implementation of effective interventions in LMIC settings. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12894 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] Psychosocial interventions for disruptive behaviour problems in children in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Matthew D. BURKEY, Auteur ; Megan HOSEIN, Auteur ; Isabella MORTON, Auteur ; Marianna PURGATO, Auteur ; Ahmad ADI, Auteur ; Mark KURZROK, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur ; Wietse A. TOL, Auteur . - p.982-993. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.982-993 Mots-clés : Child behaviour  disruptive behaviour disorders  psychosocial interventions  low-income countries  meta-analysis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Most of the evidence for psychosocial interventions for disruptive behaviour problems comes from Western, high-income countries. The transferability of this evidence to culturally diverse, low-resource settings with few mental health specialists is unknown. Methods We conducted a systematic review with random-effects meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of psychosocial interventions on reducing behaviour problems among children (under 18) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Results Twenty-six randomized controlled trials (representing 28 psychosocial interventions), evaluating 4,441 subjects, met selection criteria. Fifteen (54%) prevention interventions targeted general or at-risk populations, whereas 13 (46%) treatment interventions targeted children selected for elevated behaviour problems. Most interventions were delivered in group settings (96%) and half (50%) were administered by non-specialist providers. The overall effect (standardized mean difference, SMD) of prevention studies was ?0.25 (95% confidence interval (CI): ?0.41 to ?0.09; I2: 78%) and of treatment studies was ?0.56 (95% CI: ?0.51 to ?0.24; I2: 74%). Subgroup analyses demonstrated effectiveness for child-focused (SMD: ?0.35; 95% CI: ?0.57 to ?0.14) and behavioural parenting interventions (SMD: ?0.43; 95% CI: ?0.66 to ?0.20), and that interventions were effective across age ranges. Conclusions Our meta-analysis supports the use of psychosocial interventions as a feasible and effective way to reduce disruptive behaviour problems among children in LMIC. Our study provides strong evidence for child-focused and behavioural parenting interventions, interventions across age ranges and interventions delivered in groups. Additional research is needed on training and supervision of non-specialists and on implementation of effective interventions in LMIC settings. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12894 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

Research Review: Psychosocial adjustment and mental health in former child soldiers ? a systematic review of the literature and recommendations for future research / Theresa S. BETANCOURT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-1 (January 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 17-36 Titre : Research Review: Psychosocial adjustment and mental health in former child soldiers ? a systematic review of the literature and recommendations for future research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur ; Ivelina BORISOVA, Auteur ; Timothy P. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sarah E. MEYERS-OHKI, Auteur ; Julia E. RUBIN-SMITH, Auteur ; Jeannie ANNAN, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur Article en page(s) : 17-36 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Violence  resilience  risk factors  child soldiers  war Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Aims and scope: This article reviews the available quantitative research on psychosocial adjustment and mental health among children (age 18 years) associated with armed forces and armed groups (CAAFAG) ? commonly referred to as child soldiers. Methods: PRISMA standards for systematic reviews were used to search PubMed, PsycInfo, JSTOR, and Sociological Abstracts in February 2012 for all articles on former child soldiers and CAAFAG. Twenty-one quantitative studies from 10 countries were analyzed for author, year of publication, journal, objectives, design, selection population, setting, instruments, prevalence estimates, and associations with war experiences. Opinion pieces, editorials, and qualitative studies were deemed beyond the scope of this study. Quality of evidence was rated according to the Systematic Assessment of Quality in Observational Research (SAQOR). Findings: According to SAQOR criteria, among the available published studies, eight studies were of high quality, four were of moderate quality, and the remaining nine were of low quality. Common limitations were lack of validated mental health measures, unclear methodology including undefined sampling approaches, and failure to report missing data. Only five studies included a comparison group of youth not involved with armed forces/armed groups, and only five studies assessed mental health at more than one point in time. Across studies, a number of risk and protective factors were associated with postconflict psychosocial adjustment and social reintegration in CAAFAG. Abduction, age of conscription, exposure to violence, gender, and community stigma were associated with increased internalizing and externalizing mental health problems. Family acceptance, social support, and educational/economic opportunities were associated with improved psychosocial adjustment. Conclusions: Research on the social reintegration and psychosocial adjustment of former child soldiers is nascent. A number of gaps in the available literature warrant future study. Recommendations to bolster the evidence base on psychosocial adjustment in former child soldiers and other war-affected youth include more studies comprising longitudinal study designs, and validated cross-cultural instruments for assessing mental health, as well as more integrated community-based approaches to study design and research monitoring. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02620.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186 [article] Research Review: Psychosocial adjustment and mental health in former child soldiers ? a systematic review of the literature and recommendations for future research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur ; Ivelina BORISOVA, Auteur ; Timothy P. WILLIAMS, Auteur ; Sarah E. MEYERS-OHKI, Auteur ; Julia E. RUBIN-SMITH, Auteur ; Jeannie ANNAN, Auteur ; Brandon A. KOHRT, Auteur . - 17-36. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 17-36 Mots-clés : Violence  resilience  risk factors  child soldiers  war Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Aims and scope: This article reviews the available quantitative research on psychosocial adjustment and mental health among children (age 18 years) associated with armed forces and armed groups (CAAFAG) ? commonly referred to as child soldiers. Methods: PRISMA standards for systematic reviews were used to search PubMed, PsycInfo, JSTOR, and Sociological Abstracts in February 2012 for all articles on former child soldiers and CAAFAG. Twenty-one quantitative studies from 10 countries were analyzed for author, year of publication, journal, objectives, design, selection population, setting, instruments, prevalence estimates, and associations with war experiences. Opinion pieces, editorials, and qualitative studies were deemed beyond the scope of this study. Quality of evidence was rated according to the Systematic Assessment of Quality in Observational Research (SAQOR). Findings: According to SAQOR criteria, among the available published studies, eight studies were of high quality, four were of moderate quality, and the remaining nine were of low quality. Common limitations were lack of validated mental health measures, unclear methodology including undefined sampling approaches, and failure to report missing data. Only five studies included a comparison group of youth not involved with armed forces/armed groups, and only five studies assessed mental health at more than one point in time. Across studies, a number of risk and protective factors were associated with postconflict psychosocial adjustment and social reintegration in CAAFAG. Abduction, age of conscription, exposure to violence, gender, and community stigma were associated with increased internalizing and externalizing mental health problems. Family acceptance, social support, and educational/economic opportunities were associated with improved psychosocial adjustment. Conclusions: Research on the social reintegration and psychosocial adjustment of former child soldiers is nascent. A number of gaps in the available literature warrant future study. Recommendations to bolster the evidence base on psychosocial adjustment in former child soldiers and other war-affected youth include more studies comprising longitudinal study designs, and validated cross-cultural instruments for assessing mental health, as well as more integrated community-based approaches to study design and research monitoring. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02620.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186

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