Detecting Social and Non-Social Changes in Natural Scenes: Performance of Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders and Typical Adults / Bhavin R. SHETH in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-4 (April 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-4 (April 2011) . - p.434-446 Titre : Detecting Social and Non-Social Changes in Natural Scenes: Performance of Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders and Typical Adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bhavin R. SHETH, Auteur ; James LIU, Auteur ; Olayemi OLAGBAJU, Auteur ; Larry VARGHESE, Auteur ; Rosleen MANSOUR, Auteur ; Stacy REDDOCH, Auteur ; Deborah A. PEARSON, Auteur ; Katherine A. LOVELAND, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.434-446 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social attention  Development  Change detection  Change blindness  Naturalistic scenes  Visual perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We probed differences in the ability to detect and interpret social cues in adults and in children and young adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by investigating the effect of various social and non-social contexts on the visual exploration of pictures of natural scenes. Children and adolescents relied more on social referencing cues in the scene as compared to adults, and in the presence of such cues, were less able to use other kinds of cues. Typically developing children and adolescents were no better than those with ASD at detecting changes within the various social contexts. Results suggest children and adolescents with ASD use relevant social cues while searching a scene just as typical children do. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1062-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119 [article] Detecting Social and Non-Social Changes in Natural Scenes: Performance of Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders and Typical Adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bhavin R. SHETH, Auteur ; James LIU, Auteur ; Olayemi OLAGBAJU, Auteur ; Larry VARGHESE, Auteur ; Rosleen MANSOUR, Auteur ; Stacy REDDOCH, Auteur ; Deborah A. PEARSON, Auteur ; Katherine A. LOVELAND, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.434-446. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-4 (April 2011) . - p.434-446 Mots-clés : Social attention  Development  Change detection  Change blindness  Naturalistic scenes  Visual perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We probed differences in the ability to detect and interpret social cues in adults and in children and young adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by investigating the effect of various social and non-social contexts on the visual exploration of pictures of natural scenes. Children and adolescents relied more on social referencing cues in the scene as compared to adults, and in the presence of such cues, were less able to use other kinds of cues. Typically developing children and adolescents were no better than those with ASD at detecting changes within the various social contexts. Results suggest children and adolescents with ASD use relevant social cues while searching a scene just as typical children do. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1062-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=119

Functional Assays of Local Connectivity in the Somatosensory Cortex of Individuals with Autism / Mehmet Akif COSKUN in Autism Research, 6-3 (June 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 6-3 (June 2013) . - p.190-200 Titre : Functional Assays of Local Connectivity in the Somatosensory Cortex of Individuals with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mehmet Akif COSKUN, Auteur ; Katherine A. LOVELAND, Auteur ; Deborah A. PEARSON, Auteur ; Andrew C. PAPANICOLAOU, Auteur ; Bhavin R. SHETH, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.190-200 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : connectivity  somatotopy  cortical inhibition  local excitation  tactile  homeostasis  touch  MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Emerging evidence for differences between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) individuals in somatic processing and brain response to touch suggests somatosensory cortex as a promising substrate for elucidating differences in functional brain connectivity between individuals with and without autism. Signals from adjacent digits project to neighboring locations or representations in somatosensory cortex. When a digit is stimulated, i.e. touched, its representation in cortex is directly activated; local intracortical connections indirectly activate nonprimary cortical representations corresponding to adjacent digits. The response of the nonprimary cortical representations is thus a proxy for connection strength. Local overconnectivity in autism implies that the nonprimary/primary response ratios of the ASD group will be higher than those of the NT group. D1 and D2 of the dominant hand of the participant were individually stimulated while we recorded neural responses using magnetoencephalography. The cortical representations of D1 and D2 (somatosensory-evoked fields) were computed from the ensemble-averaged data using (a) dipole model fits and (b) singular value decomposition. Individual adjacent/primary response ratios were measured, and group response ratio data were fitted with straight lines. Local overconnectivity in autism implies steeper ASD vs. NT group slopes. Our findings did not support local overconnectivity. Slopes were found to be significantly shallower for the ASD group than the NT group. Our findings support the idea of local underconnectivity in the somatosensory cortex of the brains of individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1276 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=202 [article] Functional Assays of Local Connectivity in the Somatosensory Cortex of Individuals with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mehmet Akif COSKUN, Auteur ; Katherine A. LOVELAND, Auteur ; Deborah A. PEARSON, Auteur ; Andrew C. PAPANICOLAOU, Auteur ; Bhavin R. SHETH, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.190-200. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 6-3 (June 2013) . - p.190-200 Mots-clés : connectivity  somatotopy  cortical inhibition  local excitation  tactile  homeostasis  touch  MEG Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Emerging evidence for differences between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) individuals in somatic processing and brain response to touch suggests somatosensory cortex as a promising substrate for elucidating differences in functional brain connectivity between individuals with and without autism. Signals from adjacent digits project to neighboring locations or representations in somatosensory cortex. When a digit is stimulated, i.e. touched, its representation in cortex is directly activated; local intracortical connections indirectly activate nonprimary cortical representations corresponding to adjacent digits. The response of the nonprimary cortical representations is thus a proxy for connection strength. Local overconnectivity in autism implies that the nonprimary/primary response ratios of the ASD group will be higher than those of the NT group. D1 and D2 of the dominant hand of the participant were individually stimulated while we recorded neural responses using magnetoencephalography. The cortical representations of D1 and D2 (somatosensory-evoked fields) were computed from the ensemble-averaged data using (a) dipole model fits and (b) singular value decomposition. Individual adjacent/primary response ratios were measured, and group response ratio data were fitted with straight lines. Local overconnectivity in autism implies steeper ASD vs. NT group slopes. Our findings did not support local overconnectivity. Slopes were found to be significantly shallower for the ASD group than the NT group. Our findings support the idea of local underconnectivity in the somatosensory cortex of the brains of individuals with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1276 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=202

Interaction of Finger Representations in the Cortex of Individuals with Autism: A Functional Window into Cortical Inhibition / Mehmet Akif COSKUN in Autism Research, 6-6 (December 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 6-6 (December 2013) . - p.542-549 Titre : Interaction of Finger Representations in the Cortex of Individuals with Autism: A Functional Window into Cortical Inhibition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mehmet Akif COSKUN, Auteur ; Katherine A. LOVELAND, Auteur ; Deborah A. PEARSON, Auteur ; Andrew C. PAPANICOLAOU, Auteur ; Bhavin R. SHETH, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : p.542-549 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : evoked potentials  homeostasis  somatosensory cortex  cortical interaction  finger representation  source modeling  tactile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An established neural biomarker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has the potential to provide novel biological and pharmacological targets for treatment. Lower level of inhibition in brain circuits is a leading biomarker candidate. A physiological investigation of the functional levels of inhibition in the cortex of individuals with autism can provide a strong test of the hypothesis. The amplitude of cortical response to the stimulation of adjacent fingers is controlled by the level of cortical inhibition and provides just such a test. Using magnetoencephalography, we recorded the response of the somatosensory cortex to the passive tactile stimulation of the thumb (D1), and index finger (D2), and to the simultaneous stimulation of both fingers combined (D1,D2) of the dominant (right) hand of young subjects with and without autism. For each participant, we measured the response to the stimulation of both fingers combined (D1,D2) relative to the post hoc sum of the responses to the stimulation of each finger alone (D1+D2) in multiple different ways and linearly regressed the ASD and neurotypical (NT) groups' responses. The resulting slopes were then compared: Smaller slope values imply attenuated response to paired finger stimulation, and enhanced levels of inhibition. The short-latency M40 and mid-latency M80 response slopes of the group with autism obtained in different ways were either significantly smaller, or statistically indistinguishable from NT. The result does not support reduced inhibition in the somatosensory cortex of individuals with autism, contrary to the seminal hypothesis of reduced inhibition. Implications are discussed including refinements of current theory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1314 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221 [article] Interaction of Finger Representations in the Cortex of Individuals with Autism: A Functional Window into Cortical Inhibition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mehmet Akif COSKUN, Auteur ; Katherine A. LOVELAND, Auteur ; Deborah A. PEARSON, Auteur ; Andrew C. PAPANICOLAOU, Auteur ; Bhavin R. SHETH, Auteur . - 2013 . - p.542-549. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 6-6 (December 2013) . - p.542-549 Mots-clés : evoked potentials  homeostasis  somatosensory cortex  cortical interaction  finger representation  source modeling  tactile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : An established neural biomarker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has the potential to provide novel biological and pharmacological targets for treatment. Lower level of inhibition in brain circuits is a leading biomarker candidate. A physiological investigation of the functional levels of inhibition in the cortex of individuals with autism can provide a strong test of the hypothesis. The amplitude of cortical response to the stimulation of adjacent fingers is controlled by the level of cortical inhibition and provides just such a test. Using magnetoencephalography, we recorded the response of the somatosensory cortex to the passive tactile stimulation of the thumb (D1), and index finger (D2), and to the simultaneous stimulation of both fingers combined (D1,D2) of the dominant (right) hand of young subjects with and without autism. For each participant, we measured the response to the stimulation of both fingers combined (D1,D2) relative to the post hoc sum of the responses to the stimulation of each finger alone (D1+D2) in multiple different ways and linearly regressed the ASD and neurotypical (NT) groups' responses. The resulting slopes were then compared: Smaller slope values imply attenuated response to paired finger stimulation, and enhanced levels of inhibition. The short-latency M40 and mid-latency M80 response slopes of the group with autism obtained in different ways were either significantly smaller, or statistically indistinguishable from NT. The result does not support reduced inhibition in the somatosensory cortex of individuals with autism, contrary to the seminal hypothesis of reduced inhibition. Implications are discussed including refinements of current theory. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1314 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=221

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