Dynamic changes in amygdala activation and functional connectivity in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders / Johnna R. SWARTZ in Development and Psychopathology, 26-4 (Part 2) (November 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 26-4 (Part 2) (November 2014) . - p.1305-1319 Titre : Dynamic changes in amygdala activation and functional connectivity in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Johnna R. SWARTZ, Auteur ; K. Luan PHAN, Auteur ; Mike ANGSTADT, Auteur ; Kate D. FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Christopher S. MONK, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : p.1305-1319 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders are associated with abnormalities in amygdala function and prefrontal cortex–amygdala connectivity. The majority of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have examined mean group differences in amygdala activation or connectivity in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders relative to controls, but emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in amygdala function are dependent on the timing of the task and may vary across the course of a scanning session. The goal of the present study was to extend our knowledge of the dynamics of amygdala dysfunction by examining whether changes in amygdala activation and connectivity over scanning differ in pediatric anxiety disorder patients relative to typically developing controls during an emotion processing task. Examining changes in activation over time allows for a comparison of how brain function differs during initial exposure to novel stimuli versus more prolonged exposure. Participants included 34 anxiety disorder patients and 19 controls 7 to 19 years old. Participants performed an emotional face-matching task during functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning, and the task was divided into thirds in order to examine change in activation over time. Results demonstrated that patients exhibited an abnormal pattern of amygdala activation characterized by an initially heightened amygdala response relative to controls at the beginning of scanning, followed by significant decreases in activation over time. In addition, controls evidenced greater context-modulated prefrontal cortex–amygdala connectivity during the beginning of scanning relative to patients. These results indicate that differences in emotion processing between the groups vary from initial exposure to novel stimuli relative to more prolonged exposure. Implications are discussed regarding how this pattern of neural activation may relate to altered early-occurring or anticipatory emotion-regulation strategies and maladaptive later-occurring strategies in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579414001047 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=245 [article] Dynamic changes in amygdala activation and functional connectivity in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Johnna R. SWARTZ, Auteur ; K. Luan PHAN, Auteur ; Mike ANGSTADT, Auteur ; Kate D. FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Christopher S. MONK, Auteur . - 2014 . - p.1305-1319. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 26-4 (Part 2) (November 2014) . - p.1305-1319 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety disorders are associated with abnormalities in amygdala function and prefrontal cortex–amygdala connectivity. The majority of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have examined mean group differences in amygdala activation or connectivity in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders relative to controls, but emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in amygdala function are dependent on the timing of the task and may vary across the course of a scanning session. The goal of the present study was to extend our knowledge of the dynamics of amygdala dysfunction by examining whether changes in amygdala activation and connectivity over scanning differ in pediatric anxiety disorder patients relative to typically developing controls during an emotion processing task. Examining changes in activation over time allows for a comparison of how brain function differs during initial exposure to novel stimuli versus more prolonged exposure. Participants included 34 anxiety disorder patients and 19 controls 7 to 19 years old. Participants performed an emotional face-matching task during functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning, and the task was divided into thirds in order to examine change in activation over time. Results demonstrated that patients exhibited an abnormal pattern of amygdala activation characterized by an initially heightened amygdala response relative to controls at the beginning of scanning, followed by significant decreases in activation over time. In addition, controls evidenced greater context-modulated prefrontal cortex–amygdala connectivity during the beginning of scanning relative to patients. These results indicate that differences in emotion processing between the groups vary from initial exposure to novel stimuli relative to more prolonged exposure. Implications are discussed regarding how this pattern of neural activation may relate to altered early-occurring or anticipatory emotion-regulation strategies and maladaptive later-occurring strategies in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579414001047 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=245

Neural correlates of explicit and implicit emotion processing in relation to treatment response in pediatric anxiety / Katie L. BURKHOUSE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-5 (May 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-5 (May 2017) . - p.546-554 Titre : Neural correlates of explicit and implicit emotion processing in relation to treatment response in pediatric anxiety Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie L. BURKHOUSE, Auteur ; Autumn KUJAWA, Auteur ; Heide KLUMPP, Auteur ; Kate D. FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Christopher S. MONK, Auteur ; K. Luan PHAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.546-554 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pediatric anxiety  treatment response  neuroimaging  attention  emotion processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Approximately 40%–45% of youth with anxiety disorders do not achieve remission (or a substantial reduction in symptoms) following treatment, highlighting the need to identify predictors of treatment response. Given the well-established link between attentional biases and anxiety disorders in youth and adults, this study examined the neural correlates of directing attention toward and away from emotional faces in relation to pediatric anxiety treatment response. Method Prior to beginning treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) sertraline or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), 37 youth (age 7–19 years) with generalized and/or social anxiety disorder completed a task with conditions that manipulated whether participants were instructed to match emotional faces (explicit emotion processing) or match shapes in the context of emotional face distractors (implicit emotion processing) during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Results Results revealed that reduced activation in superior frontal gyrus (SFG), encompassing the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (PFC), during implicit processing of emotional faces predicted a greater reduction in anxiety severity pre-to-post treatment. Post hoc analyses indicated that effects were not significantly moderated by the type of treatment or anxiety type. Conclusions Findings suggest that less recruitment of SFG, including the dorsal ACC and dorsomedial PFC, during implicit emotion processing predicts a greater reduction in youth anxiety symptoms pre-to-post treatment. Youth who exhibit reduced activation in these areas while matching shapes in the context of emotional face distractors may have more to gain from CBT and SSRI treatment due to preexisting deficits in attentional control. These findings suggest that neuroimaging may be a useful tool for predicting which youth are most likely to benefit from anxiety treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12658 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=306 [article] Neural correlates of explicit and implicit emotion processing in relation to treatment response in pediatric anxiety [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie L. BURKHOUSE, Auteur ; Autumn KUJAWA, Auteur ; Heide KLUMPP, Auteur ; Kate D. FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Christopher S. MONK, Auteur ; K. Luan PHAN, Auteur . - p.546-554. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-5 (May 2017) . - p.546-554 Mots-clés : Pediatric anxiety  treatment response  neuroimaging  attention  emotion processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Approximately 40%–45% of youth with anxiety disorders do not achieve remission (or a substantial reduction in symptoms) following treatment, highlighting the need to identify predictors of treatment response. Given the well-established link between attentional biases and anxiety disorders in youth and adults, this study examined the neural correlates of directing attention toward and away from emotional faces in relation to pediatric anxiety treatment response. Method Prior to beginning treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) sertraline or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), 37 youth (age 7–19 years) with generalized and/or social anxiety disorder completed a task with conditions that manipulated whether participants were instructed to match emotional faces (explicit emotion processing) or match shapes in the context of emotional face distractors (implicit emotion processing) during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Results Results revealed that reduced activation in superior frontal gyrus (SFG), encompassing the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (PFC), during implicit processing of emotional faces predicted a greater reduction in anxiety severity pre-to-post treatment. Post hoc analyses indicated that effects were not significantly moderated by the type of treatment or anxiety type. Conclusions Findings suggest that less recruitment of SFG, including the dorsal ACC and dorsomedial PFC, during implicit emotion processing predicts a greater reduction in youth anxiety symptoms pre-to-post treatment. Youth who exhibit reduced activation in these areas while matching shapes in the context of emotional face distractors may have more to gain from CBT and SSRI treatment due to preexisting deficits in attentional control. These findings suggest that neuroimaging may be a useful tool for predicting which youth are most likely to benefit from anxiety treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12658 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=306

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