Eye-tracking for longitudinal assessment of social cognition in children born preterm / Bethan DEAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-4 (April 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.470-480 Titre : Eye-tracking for longitudinal assessment of social cognition in children born preterm Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bethan DEAN, Auteur ; Lorna GINNELL, Auteur ; Victoria LEDSHAM, Auteur ; Athanasios TSANAS, Auteur ; Emma TELFORD, Auteur ; Sarah SPARROW, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; James P. BOARDMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.470-480 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social cognition  development  eye gaze  prematurity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preterm birth is associated with atypical social cognition in infancy, and cognitive impairment and social difficulties in childhood. Little is known about the stability of social cognition through childhood, and its relationship with neurodevelopment. We used eye-tracking in preterm and term-born infants to investigate social attentional preference in infancy and at 5 years, its relationship with neurodevelopment and the influence of socioeconomic deprivation. METHODS: A cohort of 81 preterm and 66 term infants with mean (range) gestational age at birth 28(+5) (23(+2) -33(+0) ) and 40(+0) (37(+0) -42(+1) ) respectively, completed eye-tracking at 7-9 months, with a subset re-assessed at 5 years. Three free-viewing social tasks of increasing stimulus complexity were presented, and a social preference score was derived from looking time to socially informative areas. Socioeconomic data and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at 5 years were collected. RESULTS: Preterm children had lower social preference scores at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls. Term-born children's scores were stable between time points, whereas preterm children showed a significant increase, reaching equivalent scores by 5 years. Low gestational age and socioeconomic deprivation were associated with reduced social preference scores at 7-9 months. At 5 years, preterm infants had lower Early Learning Composite scores than controls, but this was not associated with social attentional preference in infancy or at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Preterm children have reduced social attentional preference at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls, but catch up by 5 years. Infant social cognition is influenced by socioeconomic deprivation and gestational age. Social cognition and neurodevelopment have different trajectories following preterm birth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445 [article] Eye-tracking for longitudinal assessment of social cognition in children born preterm [texte imprimé] / Bethan DEAN, Auteur ; Lorna GINNELL, Auteur ; Victoria LEDSHAM, Auteur ; Athanasios TSANAS, Auteur ; Emma TELFORD, Auteur ; Sarah SPARROW, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; James P. BOARDMAN, Auteur . - p.470-480. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-4 (April 2021) . - p.470-480 Mots-clés : Social cognition  development  eye gaze  prematurity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preterm birth is associated with atypical social cognition in infancy, and cognitive impairment and social difficulties in childhood. Little is known about the stability of social cognition through childhood, and its relationship with neurodevelopment. We used eye-tracking in preterm and term-born infants to investigate social attentional preference in infancy and at 5 years, its relationship with neurodevelopment and the influence of socioeconomic deprivation. METHODS: A cohort of 81 preterm and 66 term infants with mean (range) gestational age at birth 28(+5) (23(+2) -33(+0) ) and 40(+0) (37(+0) -42(+1) ) respectively, completed eye-tracking at 7-9 months, with a subset re-assessed at 5 years. Three free-viewing social tasks of increasing stimulus complexity were presented, and a social preference score was derived from looking time to socially informative areas. Socioeconomic data and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at 5 years were collected. RESULTS: Preterm children had lower social preference scores at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls. Term-born children's scores were stable between time points, whereas preterm children showed a significant increase, reaching equivalent scores by 5 years. Low gestational age and socioeconomic deprivation were associated with reduced social preference scores at 7-9 months. At 5 years, preterm infants had lower Early Learning Composite scores than controls, but this was not associated with social attentional preference in infancy or at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Preterm children have reduced social attentional preference at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls, but catch up by 5 years. Infant social cognition is influenced by socioeconomic deprivation and gestational age. Social cognition and neurodevelopment have different trajectories following preterm birth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13304 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=445

From Bayes Through Marginal Utility to Effect Sizes: A Guide to Understanding the Clinical and Statistical Significance of the Results of Autism Research Findings / Domenic V. CICCHETTI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-2 (February 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-2 (February 2011) . - p.168-174 Titre : From Bayes Through Marginal Utility to Effect Sizes: A Guide to Understanding the Clinical and Statistical Significance of the Results of Autism Research Findings Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Domenic V. CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Kathleen KOENIG, Auteur ; Ami KLIN, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Rhea PAUL, Auteur ; Sara S. SPARROW, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.168-174 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Clinical significance in autism research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The objectives of this report are: (a) to trace the theoretical roots of the concept clinical significance that derives from Bayesian thinking, Marginal Utility/Diminishing Returns in Economics, and the “just noticeable difference”, in Psychophysics. These concepts then translated into: Effect Size (ES), strength of agreement, clinical significance, and related concepts, and made possible the development of Power Analysis; (b) to differentiate clinical significance from statistical significance; and (c) to demonstrate the utility of measures of ES and related concepts for enhancing the meaning of Autism research findings. These objectives are accomplished by applying criteria for estimating clinical significance, and related concepts, to a number of areas of autism research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1035-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=117 [article] From Bayes Through Marginal Utility to Effect Sizes: A Guide to Understanding the Clinical and Statistical Significance of the Results of Autism Research Findings [texte imprimé] / Domenic V. CICCHETTI, Auteur ; Kathleen KOENIG, Auteur ; Ami KLIN, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Rhea PAUL, Auteur ; Sara S. SPARROW, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.168-174. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-2 (February 2011) . - p.168-174 Mots-clés : Clinical significance in autism research Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The objectives of this report are: (a) to trace the theoretical roots of the concept clinical significance that derives from Bayesian thinking, Marginal Utility/Diminishing Returns in Economics, and the “just noticeable difference”, in Psychophysics. These concepts then translated into: Effect Size (ES), strength of agreement, clinical significance, and related concepts, and made possible the development of Power Analysis; (b) to differentiate clinical significance from statistical significance; and (c) to demonstrate the utility of measures of ES and related concepts for enhancing the meaning of Autism research findings. These objectives are accomplished by applying criteria for estimating clinical significance, and related concepts, to a number of areas of autism research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1035-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=117

Preterm birth is associated with atypical social orienting in infancy detected using eye tracking / Emma J. TELFORD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-7 (July 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-7 (July 2016) . - p.861-868 Titre : Preterm birth is associated with atypical social orienting in infancy detected using eye tracking Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Emma J. TELFORD, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Karri GILLESPIE-SMITH, Auteur ; Rozalia PATAKY, Auteur ; Sarah SPARROW, Auteur ; Ian C. MURRAY, Auteur ; Anne O'HARE, Auteur ; James P. BOARDMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.861-868 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social orienting  development  preterm infant  eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Preterm birth is closely associated with neurocognitive impairment in childhood including increased risk for social difficulties. Eye tracking objectively assesses eye-gaze behaviour in response to visual stimuli, which permits inference about underlying cognitive processes. We tested the hypothesis that social orienting in infancy is altered by preterm birth. Methods Fifty preterm infants with mean (range) gestational age (GA) at birth of 29+1 (23+2–33+0) weeks and 50 term infants with mean (range) GA at birth 40+2 (37+0–42+3) weeks underwent eye tracking at median age of 7 months. Infants were presented with three categories of social stimuli of increasing complexity. Time to first fixate (TFF) and looking time (LT) on areas of interest (AoIs) were recorded using remote eye tracking. Results Preterm infants consistently fixated for a shorter time on social content than term infants across all three tasks: face-scanning (fixation to eyes minus mouth 0.61s vs. 1.47s, p = .013); face pop-out task (fixation to face 0.8s vs. 1.34s, p = .023); and social preferential looking (1.16s vs. 1.5s p = .02). Time given to AoIs containing social content as a proportion of LT at the whole stimulus was lower in preterm infants across all three tasks. These results were not explained by differences in overall looking time between the groups. Conclusions Eye tracking provides early evidence of atypical cognition after preterm birth, and may be a useful tool for stratifying infants at risk of impairment for early interventions designed to improve outcome. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12546 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=291 [article] Preterm birth is associated with atypical social orienting in infancy detected using eye tracking [texte imprimé] / Emma J. TELFORD, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Karri GILLESPIE-SMITH, Auteur ; Rozalia PATAKY, Auteur ; Sarah SPARROW, Auteur ; Ian C. MURRAY, Auteur ; Anne O'HARE, Auteur ; James P. BOARDMAN, Auteur . - p.861-868. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-7 (July 2016) . - p.861-868 Mots-clés : Social orienting  development  preterm infant  eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Preterm birth is closely associated with neurocognitive impairment in childhood including increased risk for social difficulties. Eye tracking objectively assesses eye-gaze behaviour in response to visual stimuli, which permits inference about underlying cognitive processes. We tested the hypothesis that social orienting in infancy is altered by preterm birth. Methods Fifty preterm infants with mean (range) gestational age (GA) at birth of 29+1 (23+2–33+0) weeks and 50 term infants with mean (range) GA at birth 40+2 (37+0–42+3) weeks underwent eye tracking at median age of 7 months. Infants were presented with three categories of social stimuli of increasing complexity. Time to first fixate (TFF) and looking time (LT) on areas of interest (AoIs) were recorded using remote eye tracking. Results Preterm infants consistently fixated for a shorter time on social content than term infants across all three tasks: face-scanning (fixation to eyes minus mouth 0.61s vs. 1.47s, p = .013); face pop-out task (fixation to face 0.8s vs. 1.34s, p = .023); and social preferential looking (1.16s vs. 1.5s p = .02). Time given to AoIs containing social content as a proportion of LT at the whole stimulus was lower in preterm infants across all three tasks. These results were not explained by differences in overall looking time between the groups. Conclusions Eye tracking provides early evidence of atypical cognition after preterm birth, and may be a useful tool for stratifying infants at risk of impairment for early interventions designed to improve outcome. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12546 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=291

Recent Advances in the Assessment of Intelligence and Cognition / Sara S. SPARROW in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41-1 (January 2000)

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-1 (January 2000) . - p.117-131 Titre : Recent Advances in the Assessment of Intelligence and Cognition Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sara S. SPARROW, Auteur ; Stephanie M. DAVIS, Auteur Année de publication : 2000 Article en page(s) : p.117-131 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Intelligence  cognition  assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this paper, we review current issues in cognitive assessment. After addressing important definitional and theoretical issues, we discuss some recently developed cognitive assessment instruments as well as some recently revised instruments. Tests that are scheduled for revision will also be mentioned. As most readers are generally familiar with the widely used and nationally standardized IQ tests, we will summarize these tests according to their general usage. The testing of intelligence has been a major focus and contribution since the early days of Psychology, when the birthplace of the intelligence testing movement began in France with the work of Alfred Binet toward the end of the 19th century. Many of the most widely known and used IQ tests have been developed in the U.S.A. and are used internationally. In addition, other IQ tests have been developed in many other countries outside the U.S.A. The use of IQ tests and selected assessment considerations will be reviewed. Finally, we make some predictions about the future role of cognitive assessment in the coming century. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125 [article] Recent Advances in the Assessment of Intelligence and Cognition [texte imprimé] / Sara S. SPARROW, Auteur ; Stephanie M. DAVIS, Auteur . - 2000 . - p.117-131. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 41-1 (January 2000) . - p.117-131 Mots-clés : Intelligence  cognition  assessment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this paper, we review current issues in cognitive assessment. After addressing important definitional and theoretical issues, we discuss some recently developed cognitive assessment instruments as well as some recently revised instruments. Tests that are scheduled for revision will also be mentioned. As most readers are generally familiar with the widely used and nationally standardized IQ tests, we will summarize these tests according to their general usage. The testing of intelligence has been a major focus and contribution since the early days of Psychology, when the birthplace of the intelligence testing movement began in France with the work of Alfred Binet toward the end of the 19th century. Many of the most widely known and used IQ tests have been developed in the U.S.A. and are used internationally. In addition, other IQ tests have been developed in many other countries outside the U.S.A. The use of IQ tests and selected assessment considerations will be reviewed. Finally, we make some predictions about the future role of cognitive assessment in the coming century. Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=125

Social and Communication Abilities and Disabilities in Higher Functioning Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Vineland and the ADOS / Ami KLIN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37-4 (April 2007)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-4 (April 2007) . - p.748-759 Titre : Social and Communication Abilities and Disabilities in Higher Functioning Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Vineland and the ADOS Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ami KLIN, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Celine A. SAULNIER, Auteur ; Sara S. SPARROW, Auteur ; Domenic V. CICCHETTI, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : p.748-759 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Vineland ADOS Adaptive-functioning-Social-disability Autism-spectrum-disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The relationship between adaptive functioning (ability) and autism symptomatology (disability) remains unclear, especially for higher functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study investigates ability and disability using the Vineland and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), respectively, in two clinical samples of children with ASD. Participants included 187 males with VIQ > 70. Vineland scores were substantially below VIQ, highlighting the magnitude of adaptive impairments despite cognitive potential. A weak relationship was found between ability and disability. Negative relationships were found between age and Vineland scores and no relationships were found between age and ADOS scores. Positive relationships were found between IQ and Vineland Communication. Results stress the need for longitudinal studies on ability and disability in ASD and emphasize the importance of adaptive skills intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0229-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=978 [article] Social and Communication Abilities and Disabilities in Higher Functioning Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Vineland and the ADOS [texte imprimé] / Ami KLIN, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Catherine LORD, Auteur ; Celine A. SAULNIER, Auteur ; Sara S. SPARROW, Auteur ; Domenic V. CICCHETTI, Auteur . - 2007 . - p.748-759. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 37-4 (April 2007) . - p.748-759 Mots-clés : Autism Vineland ADOS Adaptive-functioning-Social-disability Autism-spectrum-disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The relationship between adaptive functioning (ability) and autism symptomatology (disability) remains unclear, especially for higher functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study investigates ability and disability using the Vineland and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), respectively, in two clinical samples of children with ASD. Participants included 187 males with VIQ > 70. Vineland scores were substantially below VIQ, highlighting the magnitude of adaptive impairments despite cognitive potential. A weak relationship was found between ability and disability. Negative relationships were found between age and Vineland scores and no relationships were found between age and ADOS scores. Positive relationships were found between IQ and Vineland Communication. Results stress the need for longitudinal studies on ability and disability in ASD and emphasize the importance of adaptive skills intervention. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0229-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=978

The Role of Adaptive Behavior in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Implications for Functional Outcome / Stephen M. KANNE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-8 (August 2011)  

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The Role of Adaptive Behavior in Evidence-Based Practices for ASD: Translating Intervention into Functional Success / Katherine D. TSATSANIS

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Vineland-3. Vineland Adaptative Behavior Scale - Third Edition / Sara S. SPARROW

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Vineland-II / Sara S. SPARROW

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