28 recherche sur le mot-clé 'eye gaze'

Anxiety symptoms and children's eye gaze during fear learning / Kalina J. MICHALSKA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-11 (November 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-11 (November 2017) . - p.1276-1286 Titre : Anxiety symptoms and children's eye gaze during fear learning Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kalina J. MICHALSKA, Auteur ; Laura MACHLIN, Auteur ; Elizabeth MORONEY, Auteur ; Daniel S. LOWET, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur ; Bruno B. AVERBECK, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Eric E. NELSON, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1276-1286 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eye gaze  face processing  anxiety  conditioning  psychophysiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The eye region of the face is particularly relevant for decoding threat-related signals, such as fear. However, it is unclear if gaze patterns to the eyes can be influenced by fear learning. Previous studies examining gaze patterns in adults find an association between anxiety and eye gaze avoidance, although no studies to date examine how associations between anxiety symptoms and eye-viewing patterns manifest in children. The current study examined the effects of learning and trait anxiety on eye gaze using a face-based fear conditioning task developed for use in children. Methods Participants were 82 youth from a general population sample of twins (aged 9–13 years), exhibiting a range of anxiety symptoms. Participants underwent a fear conditioning paradigm where the conditioned stimuli (CS+) were two neutral faces, one of which was randomly selected to be paired with an aversive scream. Eye tracking, physiological, and subjective data were acquired. Children and parents reported their child's anxiety using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders. Results Conditioning influenced eye gaze patterns in that children looked longer and more frequently to the eye region of the CS+ than CS? face; this effect was present only during fear acquisition, not at baseline or extinction. Furthermore, consistent with past work in adults, anxiety symptoms were associated with eye gaze avoidance. Finally, gaze duration to the eye region mediated the effect of anxious traits on self-reported fear during acquisition. Conclusions Anxiety symptoms in children relate to face-viewing strategies deployed in the context of a fear learning experiment. This relationship may inform attempts to understand the relationship between pediatric anxiety symptoms and learning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12749 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=326 [article] Anxiety symptoms and children's eye gaze during fear learning [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kalina J. MICHALSKA, Auteur ; Laura MACHLIN, Auteur ; Elizabeth MORONEY, Auteur ; Daniel S. LOWET, Auteur ; John M. HETTEMA, Auteur ; Roxann ROBERSON-NAY, Auteur ; Bruno B. AVERBECK, Auteur ; Melissa A. BROTMAN, Auteur ; Eric E. NELSON, Auteur ; Ellen LEIBENLUFT, Auteur ; Daniel S. PINE, Auteur . - p.1276-1286. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-11 (November 2017) . - p.1276-1286 Mots-clés : Eye gaze  face processing  anxiety  conditioning  psychophysiology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The eye region of the face is particularly relevant for decoding threat-related signals, such as fear. However, it is unclear if gaze patterns to the eyes can be influenced by fear learning. Previous studies examining gaze patterns in adults find an association between anxiety and eye gaze avoidance, although no studies to date examine how associations between anxiety symptoms and eye-viewing patterns manifest in children. The current study examined the effects of learning and trait anxiety on eye gaze using a face-based fear conditioning task developed for use in children. Methods Participants were 82 youth from a general population sample of twins (aged 9–13 years), exhibiting a range of anxiety symptoms. Participants underwent a fear conditioning paradigm where the conditioned stimuli (CS+) were two neutral faces, one of which was randomly selected to be paired with an aversive scream. Eye tracking, physiological, and subjective data were acquired. Children and parents reported their child's anxiety using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders. Results Conditioning influenced eye gaze patterns in that children looked longer and more frequently to the eye region of the CS+ than CS? face; this effect was present only during fear acquisition, not at baseline or extinction. Furthermore, consistent with past work in adults, anxiety symptoms were associated with eye gaze avoidance. Finally, gaze duration to the eye region mediated the effect of anxious traits on self-reported fear during acquisition. Conclusions Anxiety symptoms in children relate to face-viewing strategies deployed in the context of a fear learning experiment. This relationship may inform attempts to understand the relationship between pediatric anxiety symptoms and learning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12749 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=326

Brief Report: Using a Point-of-View Camera to Measure Eye Gaze in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During Naturalistic Social Interactions: A Pilot Study / Sarah R. EDMUNDS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-3 (March 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-3 (March 2017) . - p.898-904 Titre : Brief Report: Using a Point-of-View Camera to Measure Eye Gaze in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During Naturalistic Social Interactions: A Pilot Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah R. EDMUNDS, Auteur ; Agata ROZGA, Auteur ; Yin LI, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. KARP, Auteur ; Lisa V. IBANEZ, Auteur ; James M. REHG, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.898-904 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Eye gaze  Behavioral coding  Measurement  Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show reduced gaze to social partners. Eye contact during live interactions is often measured using stationary cameras that capture various views of the child, but determining a child’s precise gaze target within another’s face is nearly impossible. This study compared eye gaze coding derived from stationary cameras to coding derived from a “point-of-view” (PoV) camera on the social partner. Interobserver agreement for gaze targets was higher using PoV cameras relative to stationary cameras. PoV camera codes, but not stationary cameras codes, revealed a difference between gaze targets of children with ASD and typically developing children. PoV cameras may provide a more sensitive method for measuring eye contact in children with ASD during live interactions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3002-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304 [article] Brief Report: Using a Point-of-View Camera to Measure Eye Gaze in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During Naturalistic Social Interactions: A Pilot Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah R. EDMUNDS, Auteur ; Agata ROZGA, Auteur ; Yin LI, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. KARP, Auteur ; Lisa V. IBANEZ, Auteur ; James M. REHG, Auteur ; Wendy L. STONE, Auteur . - p.898-904. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-3 (March 2017) . - p.898-904 Mots-clés : Autism  Eye gaze  Behavioral coding  Measurement  Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show reduced gaze to social partners. Eye contact during live interactions is often measured using stationary cameras that capture various views of the child, but determining a child’s precise gaze target within another’s face is nearly impossible. This study compared eye gaze coding derived from stationary cameras to coding derived from a “point-of-view” (PoV) camera on the social partner. Interobserver agreement for gaze targets was higher using PoV cameras relative to stationary cameras. PoV camera codes, but not stationary cameras codes, revealed a difference between gaze targets of children with ASD and typically developing children. PoV cameras may provide a more sensitive method for measuring eye contact in children with ASD during live interactions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3002-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=304

Can reciprocated parent-child eye gaze and emotional engagement enhance treatment for children with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits: a proof-of-concept trial / Mark R. DADDS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-6 (June 2019) . - p.676-685 Titre : Can reciprocated parent-child eye gaze and emotional engagement enhance treatment for children with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits: a proof-of-concept trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; T. ENGLISH, Auteur ; S. WIMALAWEERA, Auteur ; O. SCHOLLAR-ROOT, Auteur ; D. J. HAWES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.676-685 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Conduct disorder  callous-unemotional traits  eye gaze  parent training  parent-child interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: High levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits are associated with reduced effectiveness of parenting programmes for children with conduct problems. This may be due to low levels of emotional engagement (EE) by these children with their parents. We evaluate a theoretically driven strategy for improving emotional engagement in high CU traits children undergoing a parenting intervention (parent management training; PMT) for child conduct problems. METHODS: N = 40, 3- to 8-year-old children referred for conduct problems and showing stable, high levels of CU traits, were randomised to receive PMT+Emotional Engagement (EE), or the control condition PMT+Child Centred Play (CCP). A benchmarking sample of N = 70 children who received PMT only was also included. Observational coding of the parent-child interactions targeted by EE and CCP respectively was repeated throughout treatment and follow-up. RESULTS: Emotional engagement produced unique improvements in parent-child emotional engagement (shared eye gaze); however, these reverted to baseline levels after treatment. CCP produced unique improvements in parents' child centeredness and child positive play, but by post-treatment, all children had improved on these factors. Both interventions produced similar improvements in general parental warmth. Reductions in severity of conduct problems at post-treatment and follow-up were large in size and did not differ between conditions or from the benchmarking group. Levels of CU traits reduced significantly but again did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The putative mechanism of emotional engagement through reciprocated eye gaze proved to be impervious to sustained change, and thus failed to have a specific impact of conduct problems or levels of CU traits. The development of novel treatment approaches to children with high levels of CU is a challenging endeavour, and these results indicate that focussing on children with stable levels at pretreatment should be a priority. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13023 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397 [article] Can reciprocated parent-child eye gaze and emotional engagement enhance treatment for children with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits: a proof-of-concept trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mark R. DADDS, Auteur ; T. ENGLISH, Auteur ; S. WIMALAWEERA, Auteur ; O. SCHOLLAR-ROOT, Auteur ; D. J. HAWES, Auteur . - p.676-685. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-6 (June 2019) . - p.676-685 Mots-clés : Conduct disorder  callous-unemotional traits  eye gaze  parent training  parent-child interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: High levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits are associated with reduced effectiveness of parenting programmes for children with conduct problems. This may be due to low levels of emotional engagement (EE) by these children with their parents. We evaluate a theoretically driven strategy for improving emotional engagement in high CU traits children undergoing a parenting intervention (parent management training; PMT) for child conduct problems. METHODS: N = 40, 3- to 8-year-old children referred for conduct problems and showing stable, high levels of CU traits, were randomised to receive PMT+Emotional Engagement (EE), or the control condition PMT+Child Centred Play (CCP). A benchmarking sample of N = 70 children who received PMT only was also included. Observational coding of the parent-child interactions targeted by EE and CCP respectively was repeated throughout treatment and follow-up. RESULTS: Emotional engagement produced unique improvements in parent-child emotional engagement (shared eye gaze); however, these reverted to baseline levels after treatment. CCP produced unique improvements in parents' child centeredness and child positive play, but by post-treatment, all children had improved on these factors. Both interventions produced similar improvements in general parental warmth. Reductions in severity of conduct problems at post-treatment and follow-up were large in size and did not differ between conditions or from the benchmarking group. Levels of CU traits reduced significantly but again did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The putative mechanism of emotional engagement through reciprocated eye gaze proved to be impervious to sustained change, and thus failed to have a specific impact of conduct problems or levels of CU traits. The development of novel treatment approaches to children with high levels of CU is a challenging endeavour, and these results indicate that focussing on children with stable levels at pretreatment should be a priority. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13023 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397

Effects of being watched on eye gaze and facial displays of typical and autistic individuals during conversation / Roser CAÑIGUERAL in Autism, 25-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-1 (January 2021) . - p.210-226 Titre : Effects of being watched on eye gaze and facial displays of typical and autistic individuals during conversation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Roser CAÑIGUERAL, Auteur ; Jamie A. WARD, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.210-226 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  being watched  dual function of gaze  eye gaze  facial displays Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When we are communicating with other people, we exchange a variety of social signals through eye gaze and facial expressions. However, coordinated exchanges of these social signals can only happen when people involved in the interaction are able to see each other. Although previous studies report that autistic individuals have difficulties in using eye gaze and facial expressions during social interactions, evidence from tasks that involve real face-to-face conversations is scarce and mixed. Here, we investigate how eye gaze and facial expressions of typical and high-functioning autistic individuals are modulated by the belief in being seen by another person, and by being in a face-to-face interaction. Participants were recorded with an eye-tracking and video-camera system while they completed a structured Q&A task with a confederate under three social contexts: pre-recorded video (no belief in being seen, no face-to-face), video-call (belief in being seen, no face-to-face) and face-to-face (belief in being seen and face-to-face). Typical participants gazed less to the confederate and made more facial expressions when they were being watched and when they were speaking. Contrary to our hypotheses, eye gaze and facial expression patterns in autistic participants were overall similar to the typical group. This suggests that high-functioning autistic participants are able to use eye gaze and facial expressions as social signals. Future studies will need to investigate to what extent this reflects spontaneous behaviour or the use of compensation strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320951691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 [article] Effects of being watched on eye gaze and facial displays of typical and autistic individuals during conversation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Roser CAÑIGUERAL, Auteur ; Jamie A. WARD, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur . - p.210-226. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-1 (January 2021) . - p.210-226 Mots-clés : autism  being watched  dual function of gaze  eye gaze  facial displays Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : When we are communicating with other people, we exchange a variety of social signals through eye gaze and facial expressions. However, coordinated exchanges of these social signals can only happen when people involved in the interaction are able to see each other. Although previous studies report that autistic individuals have difficulties in using eye gaze and facial expressions during social interactions, evidence from tasks that involve real face-to-face conversations is scarce and mixed. Here, we investigate how eye gaze and facial expressions of typical and high-functioning autistic individuals are modulated by the belief in being seen by another person, and by being in a face-to-face interaction. Participants were recorded with an eye-tracking and video-camera system while they completed a structured Q&A task with a confederate under three social contexts: pre-recorded video (no belief in being seen, no face-to-face), video-call (belief in being seen, no face-to-face) and face-to-face (belief in being seen and face-to-face). Typical participants gazed less to the confederate and made more facial expressions when they were being watched and when they were speaking. Contrary to our hypotheses, eye gaze and facial expression patterns in autistic participants were overall similar to the typical group. This suggests that high-functioning autistic participants are able to use eye gaze and facial expressions as social signals. Future studies will need to investigate to what extent this reflects spontaneous behaviour or the use of compensation strategies. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320951691 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437

Fear of Negative Evaluation Influences Eye Gaze in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study / Susan W. WHITE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-11 (November 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-11 (November 2015) . - p.3446-3457 Titre : Fear of Negative Evaluation Influences Eye Gaze in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Susan W. WHITE, Auteur ; Brenna B. MADDOX, Auteur ; Robin K. PANNETON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3446-3457 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Social anxiety  Eye gaze  Adolescent  Fear Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social anxiety is common among adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this modest-sized pilot study, we examined the relationship between social worries and gaze patterns to static social stimuli in adolescents with ASD (n = 15) and gender-matched adolescents without ASD (control; n = 18). Among cognitively unimpaired adolescents with ASD, self-reported fear of negative evaluation predicted greater gaze duration to social threat cues (i.e., faces depicting disgust and anger). By comparison, there was no relationship between self-reported social fears and gaze duration in the controls. These findings call attention to the potential import of the impact of co-occurring psychopathology such as social anxiety, and particularly fear of negative evaluation, on social attention and cognition with adolescents who have ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2349-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270 [article] Fear of Negative Evaluation Influences Eye Gaze in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Susan W. WHITE, Auteur ; Brenna B. MADDOX, Auteur ; Robin K. PANNETON, Auteur . - p.3446-3457. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-11 (November 2015) . - p.3446-3457 Mots-clés : Autism  Social anxiety  Eye gaze  Adolescent  Fear Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social anxiety is common among adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this modest-sized pilot study, we examined the relationship between social worries and gaze patterns to static social stimuli in adolescents with ASD (n = 15) and gender-matched adolescents without ASD (control; n = 18). Among cognitively unimpaired adolescents with ASD, self-reported fear of negative evaluation predicted greater gaze duration to social threat cues (i.e., faces depicting disgust and anger). By comparison, there was no relationship between self-reported social fears and gaze duration in the controls. These findings call attention to the potential import of the impact of co-occurring psychopathology such as social anxiety, and particularly fear of negative evaluation, on social attention and cognition with adolescents who have ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2349-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=270

Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of motivating eye gaze in young children on autism spectrum through parent-mediated intervention / M. MUUVILA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 98 (October 2022)  

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Neural synchrony examined with magnetoencephalography (MEG) during eye gaze processing in autism spectrum disorders: preliminary findings / R. LAJINESS-O'NEILL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)  

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Adaptation to different communicative contexts: an eye tracking study of autistic adults / Julia PARISH-MORRIS in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 11-1 (December 2019)  

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Atypical Gaze Cueing Pattern in a Complex Environment in Individuals with ASD / Shuo ZHAO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-7 (July 2017)  

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Gaze and social functioning associations in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Jacqueline A. RIDDIFORD in Autism Research, 15-8 (August 2022)  

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