Lack of replication of previous autism spectrum disorder GWAS hits in European populations / Bàrbara TORRICO in Autism Research, 10-2 (February 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 10-2 (February 2017) . - p.202-211 Titre : Lack of replication of previous autism spectrum disorder GWAS hits in European populations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bàrbara TORRICO, Auteur ; Andreas G. CHIOCCHETTI, Auteur ; Elena BACCHELLI, Auteur ; Elisabetta TRABETTI, Auteur ; Amaia HERVAS, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Afsheen YOUSAF, Auteur ; Eftichia DUKETIS, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Rafaela CABALLERO-ANDALUZ, Auteur ; Amalia MARTINEZ-MIR, Auteur ; Francisco G. SCHOLL, Auteur ; Marta RIBASES, Auteur ; ITAN, Auteur ; Agatino BATTAGLIA, Auteur ; Giovanni MALERBA, Auteur ; Richard DELORME, Auteur ; Marion BENABOU, Auteur ; Elena MAESTRINI, Auteur ; Thomas BOURGERON, Auteur ; Bru CORMAND, Auteur ; Claudio TOMA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.202-211 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : genome-wide association study  replication  autism spectrum disorder  European populations  MACROD2  SEMA5A  MSNP1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Common variants contribute significantly to the genetics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the identification of individual risk polymorphisms remains still elusive due to their small effect sizes and limited sample sizes available for association studies. During the last decade several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled the detection of a few plausible risk variants. The three main studies are family-based and pointed at SEMA5A (rs10513025), MACROD2 (rs4141463) and MSNP1 (rs4307059). In our study we attempted to replicate these GWAS hits using a case-control association study in five European populations of ASD patients and gender-matched controls, all Caucasians. Results showed no association of individual variants with ASD in any of the population groups considered or in the combined European sample. We performed a meta-analysis study across five European populations for rs10513025 (1,904 ASD cases and 2,674 controls), seven European populations for rs4141463 (2,855 ASD cases and 36,177 controls) and five European populations for rs4307059 (2,347 ASD cases and 2,764 controls). The results showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.05 (95% CI = 0.84–1.32) for rs10513025, 1.0002 (95% CI = 0.93–1.08) for rs4141463 and 1.01 (95% CI = 0.92–1.1) for rs4307059, with no significant P-values (rs10513025, P = 0.73; rs4141463, P = 0.95; rs4307059, P = 0.9). No association was found when we considered either only high functioning autism (HFA), genders separately or only multiplex families. Ongoing GWAS projects with larger ASD cohorts will contribute to clarify the role of common variation in the disorder and will likely identify risk variants of modest effect not detected previously. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1662 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303 [article] Lack of replication of previous autism spectrum disorder GWAS hits in European populations [texte imprimé] / Bàrbara TORRICO, Auteur ; Andreas G. CHIOCCHETTI, Auteur ; Elena BACCHELLI, Auteur ; Elisabetta TRABETTI, Auteur ; Amaia HERVAS, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Afsheen YOUSAF, Auteur ; Eftichia DUKETIS, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Rafaela CABALLERO-ANDALUZ, Auteur ; Amalia MARTINEZ-MIR, Auteur ; Francisco G. SCHOLL, Auteur ; Marta RIBASES, Auteur ; ITAN, Auteur ; Agatino BATTAGLIA, Auteur ; Giovanni MALERBA, Auteur ; Richard DELORME, Auteur ; Marion BENABOU, Auteur ; Elena MAESTRINI, Auteur ; Thomas BOURGERON, Auteur ; Bru CORMAND, Auteur ; Claudio TOMA, Auteur . - p.202-211. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 10-2 (February 2017) . - p.202-211 Mots-clés : genome-wide association study  replication  autism spectrum disorder  European populations  MACROD2  SEMA5A  MSNP1 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Common variants contribute significantly to the genetics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the identification of individual risk polymorphisms remains still elusive due to their small effect sizes and limited sample sizes available for association studies. During the last decade several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled the detection of a few plausible risk variants. The three main studies are family-based and pointed at SEMA5A (rs10513025), MACROD2 (rs4141463) and MSNP1 (rs4307059). In our study we attempted to replicate these GWAS hits using a case-control association study in five European populations of ASD patients and gender-matched controls, all Caucasians. Results showed no association of individual variants with ASD in any of the population groups considered or in the combined European sample. We performed a meta-analysis study across five European populations for rs10513025 (1,904 ASD cases and 2,674 controls), seven European populations for rs4141463 (2,855 ASD cases and 36,177 controls) and five European populations for rs4307059 (2,347 ASD cases and 2,764 controls). The results showed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.05 (95% CI = 0.84–1.32) for rs10513025, 1.0002 (95% CI = 0.93–1.08) for rs4141463 and 1.01 (95% CI = 0.92–1.1) for rs4307059, with no significant P-values (rs10513025, P = 0.73; rs4141463, P = 0.95; rs4307059, P = 0.9). No association was found when we considered either only high functioning autism (HFA), genders separately or only multiplex families. Ongoing GWAS projects with larger ASD cohorts will contribute to clarify the role of common variation in the disorder and will likely identify risk variants of modest effect not detected previously. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1662 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=303

Loss of the Chr16p11.2 ASD candidate gene QPRT leads to aberrant neuronal differentiation in the SH-SY5Y neuronal cell model / Denise HASLINGER in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 56p. Titre : Loss of the Chr16p11.2 ASD candidate gene QPRT leads to aberrant neuronal differentiation in the SH-SY5Y neuronal cell model Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Denise HASLINGER, Auteur ; Regina WALTES, Auteur ; Afsheen YOUSAF, Auteur ; Silvia LINDLAR, Auteur ; Isabel SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Chai K. LIM, Auteur ; Meng-Miao TSAI, Auteur ; Boyan K. GARVALOV, Auteur ; Amparo ACKER-PALMER, Auteur ; Nicolas KREZDORN, Auteur ; Björn ROTTER, Auteur ; Till ACKER, Auteur ; Gilles J. GUILLEMIN, Auteur ; Simone FULDA, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Andreas G. CHIOCCHETTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : 56p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : 16p11.2  Autism  CRISPR/Cas9  Kynurenine  Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase  Quinolinic acid  Sholl analysis  has been positively reviewed by the ethic's committee Frankfurt (No 267/09).All  authors agree to publish the presented work.All authors declare that they have no  competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional  claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Altered neuronal development is discussed as the underlying pathogenic mechanism of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Copy number variations of 16p11.2 have recurrently been identified in individuals with ASD. Of the 29 genes within this region, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) showed the strongest regulation during neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. We hypothesized a causal relation between this tryptophan metabolism-related enzyme and neuronal differentiation. We thus analyzed the effect of QPRT on the differentiation of SH-SY5Y and specifically focused on neuronal morphology, metabolites of the tryptophan pathway, and the neurodevelopmental transcriptome. Methods: The gene dosage-dependent change of QPRT expression following Chr16p11.2 deletion was investigated in a lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) of a deletion carrier and compared to his non-carrier parents. Expression of QPRT was tested for correlation with neuromorphology in SH-SY5Y cells. QPRT function was inhibited in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells using (i) siRNA knockdown (KD), (ii) chemical mimicking of loss of QPRT, and (iii) complete CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock out (KO). QPRT-KD cells underwent morphological analysis. Chemically inhibited and QPRT-KO cells were characterized using viability assays. Additionally, QPRT-KO cells underwent metabolite and whole transcriptome analyses. Genes differentially expressed upon KO of QPRT were tested for enrichment in biological processes and co-regulated gene-networks of the human brain. Results: QPRT expression was reduced in the LCL of the deletion carrier and significantly correlated with the neuritic complexity of SH-SY5Y. The reduction of QPRT altered neuronal morphology of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Chemical inhibition as well as complete KO of the gene were lethal upon induction of neuronal differentiation, but not proliferation. The QPRT-associated tryptophan pathway was not affected by KO. At the transcriptome level, genes linked to neurodevelopmental processes and synaptic structures were affected. Differentially regulated genes were enriched for ASD candidates, and co-regulated gene networks were implicated in the development of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. Conclusions: In this study, QPRT was causally related to in vitro neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells and affected the regulation of genes and gene networks previously implicated in ASD. Thus, our data suggest that QPRT may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASD in Chr16p11.2 deletion carriers. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0239-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371 [article] Loss of the Chr16p11.2 ASD candidate gene QPRT leads to aberrant neuronal differentiation in the SH-SY5Y neuronal cell model [texte imprimé] / Denise HASLINGER, Auteur ; Regina WALTES, Auteur ; Afsheen YOUSAF, Auteur ; Silvia LINDLAR, Auteur ; Isabel SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Chai K. LIM, Auteur ; Meng-Miao TSAI, Auteur ; Boyan K. GARVALOV, Auteur ; Amparo ACKER-PALMER, Auteur ; Nicolas KREZDORN, Auteur ; Björn ROTTER, Auteur ; Till ACKER, Auteur ; Gilles J. GUILLEMIN, Auteur ; Simone FULDA, Auteur ; Christine M. FREITAG, Auteur ; Andreas G. CHIOCCHETTI, Auteur . - 56p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 56p. Mots-clés : 16p11.2  Autism  CRISPR/Cas9  Kynurenine  Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase  Quinolinic acid  Sholl analysis  has been positively reviewed by the ethic's committee Frankfurt (No 267/09).All  authors agree to publish the presented work.All authors declare that they have no  competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional  claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Altered neuronal development is discussed as the underlying pathogenic mechanism of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Copy number variations of 16p11.2 have recurrently been identified in individuals with ASD. Of the 29 genes within this region, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) showed the strongest regulation during neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. We hypothesized a causal relation between this tryptophan metabolism-related enzyme and neuronal differentiation. We thus analyzed the effect of QPRT on the differentiation of SH-SY5Y and specifically focused on neuronal morphology, metabolites of the tryptophan pathway, and the neurodevelopmental transcriptome. Methods: The gene dosage-dependent change of QPRT expression following Chr16p11.2 deletion was investigated in a lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) of a deletion carrier and compared to his non-carrier parents. Expression of QPRT was tested for correlation with neuromorphology in SH-SY5Y cells. QPRT function was inhibited in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells using (i) siRNA knockdown (KD), (ii) chemical mimicking of loss of QPRT, and (iii) complete CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock out (KO). QPRT-KD cells underwent morphological analysis. Chemically inhibited and QPRT-KO cells were characterized using viability assays. Additionally, QPRT-KO cells underwent metabolite and whole transcriptome analyses. Genes differentially expressed upon KO of QPRT were tested for enrichment in biological processes and co-regulated gene-networks of the human brain. Results: QPRT expression was reduced in the LCL of the deletion carrier and significantly correlated with the neuritic complexity of SH-SY5Y. The reduction of QPRT altered neuronal morphology of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Chemical inhibition as well as complete KO of the gene were lethal upon induction of neuronal differentiation, but not proliferation. The QPRT-associated tryptophan pathway was not affected by KO. At the transcriptome level, genes linked to neurodevelopmental processes and synaptic structures were affected. Differentially regulated genes were enriched for ASD candidates, and co-regulated gene networks were implicated in the development of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. Conclusions: In this study, QPRT was causally related to in vitro neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells and affected the regulation of genes and gene networks previously implicated in ASD. Thus, our data suggest that QPRT may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASD in Chr16p11.2 deletion carriers. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0239-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=371

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