Aberrant local striatal functional connectivity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Daniel VON RHEIN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-6 (June 2016) . - p.697-705 Titre : Aberrant local striatal functional connectivity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel VON RHEIN, Auteur ; Marianne OLDEHINKEL, Auteur ; Christian F. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Dirk J. HESLENFELD, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Roshan COOLS, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Maarten MENNES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.697-705 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Resting-state fMRI  functional connectivity  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  cortico-striatal networks  striatum  putamen Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Task-based and resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies report attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related alterations in brain regions implicated in cortico-striatal networks. We assessed whether ADHD is associated with changes in the brain's global cortico-striatal functional architecture, or whether ADHD-related alterations are limited to local, intrastriatal functional connections. Methods We included a cohort of adolescents with ADHD (N = 181) and healthy controls (N = 140) and assessed functional connectivity of nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen. To assess global cortico-striatal functional architecture we computed whole-brain functional connectivity by including all regions of interest in one multivariate analysis. We assessed local striatal functional connectivity using partial correlations between the time series of the striatal regions. Results Diagnostic status did not influence global cortico-striatal functional architecture. However, compared to controls, participants with ADHD exhibited significantly increased local functional connectivity between anterior and posterior putamen (p = .0003; ADHD: z = .30, controls: z = .24). Results were not affected by medication use or comorbid oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Conclusions Our results do not support hypotheses that ADHD is associated with alterations in cortico-striatal networks, but suggest changes in local striatal functional connectivity. We interpret our findings as aberrant development of local functional connectivity of the putamen, potentially leading to decreased functional segregation between anterior and posterior putamen in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12529 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=289 [article] Aberrant local striatal functional connectivity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel VON RHEIN, Auteur ; Marianne OLDEHINKEL, Auteur ; Christian F. BECKMANN, Auteur ; Jaap OOSTERLAAN, Auteur ; Dirk J. HESLENFELD, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Roshan COOLS, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Maarten MENNES, Auteur . - p.697-705. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-6 (June 2016) . - p.697-705 Mots-clés : Resting-state fMRI  functional connectivity  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  cortico-striatal networks  striatum  putamen Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Task-based and resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies report attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related alterations in brain regions implicated in cortico-striatal networks. We assessed whether ADHD is associated with changes in the brain's global cortico-striatal functional architecture, or whether ADHD-related alterations are limited to local, intrastriatal functional connections. Methods We included a cohort of adolescents with ADHD (N = 181) and healthy controls (N = 140) and assessed functional connectivity of nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen. To assess global cortico-striatal functional architecture we computed whole-brain functional connectivity by including all regions of interest in one multivariate analysis. We assessed local striatal functional connectivity using partial correlations between the time series of the striatal regions. Results Diagnostic status did not influence global cortico-striatal functional architecture. However, compared to controls, participants with ADHD exhibited significantly increased local functional connectivity between anterior and posterior putamen (p = .0003; ADHD: z = .30, controls: z = .24). Results were not affected by medication use or comorbid oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Conclusions Our results do not support hypotheses that ADHD is associated with alterations in cortico-striatal networks, but suggest changes in local striatal functional connectivity. We interpret our findings as aberrant development of local functional connectivity of the putamen, potentially leading to decreased functional segregation between anterior and posterior putamen in ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12529 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=289

Aetiology for the covariation between combined type ADHD and reading difficulties in a family study: the role of IQ / Celeste H.M. CHEUNG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53-8 (August 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-8 (August 2012) . - p.864-873 Titre : Aetiology for the covariation between combined type ADHD and reading difficulties in a family study: the role of IQ Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Celeste H.M. CHEUNG, Auteur ; Alexis C. FRAZIER-WOOD, Auteur ; Yannis PALOYELIS, Auteur ; Alejandro ARIAS-VASQUEZ, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : p.864-873 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD  reading difficulties  IQ  familial  sibling-pair  comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Twin studies using both clinical and population-based samples suggest that the frequent co-occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading ability/disability (RD) is largely driven by shared genetic influences. While both disorders are associated with lower IQ, recent twin data suggest that the shared genetic variability between reading difficulties and ADHD inattention symptoms is largely independent from genetic influences contributing to general cognitive ability. The current study aimed to extend the previous findings that were based on rating scale measures in a population sample by examining the generalisability of the findings to a clinical population, and by measuring reading difficulties both with a rating scale and with an objective task. This study investigated the familial relationships between ADHD, reading difficulties and IQ in a sample of individuals diagnosed with ADHD combined type, their siblings and control sibling pairs. Methods:  Multivariate familial models were run on data from 1,789 individuals at ages 6–19. Reading difficulties were measured with both rating scale and an objective task. IQ was obtained using the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WISC–III/WAIS–III). Results:  Significant phenotypic (.2–.4) and familial (.3–.5) correlations were observed among ADHD, reading difficulties and IQ. Yet, 53%–72% of the overlapping familial influences between ADHD and reading difficulties were not shared with IQ. Conclusions:  Our finding that familial influences shared with general cognitive ability, although present, do not account for the majority of the overlapping familial influences on ADHD and reading difficulties extends previous findings from a population-based study to a clinically ascertained sample with combined type ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02527.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=177 [article] Aetiology for the covariation between combined type ADHD and reading difficulties in a family study: the role of IQ [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Celeste H.M. CHEUNG, Auteur ; Alexis C. FRAZIER-WOOD, Auteur ; Yannis PALOYELIS, Auteur ; Alejandro ARIAS-VASQUEZ, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur . - 2012 . - p.864-873. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 53-8 (August 2012) . - p.864-873 Mots-clés : ADHD  reading difficulties  IQ  familial  sibling-pair  comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background:  Twin studies using both clinical and population-based samples suggest that the frequent co-occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading ability/disability (RD) is largely driven by shared genetic influences. While both disorders are associated with lower IQ, recent twin data suggest that the shared genetic variability between reading difficulties and ADHD inattention symptoms is largely independent from genetic influences contributing to general cognitive ability. The current study aimed to extend the previous findings that were based on rating scale measures in a population sample by examining the generalisability of the findings to a clinical population, and by measuring reading difficulties both with a rating scale and with an objective task. This study investigated the familial relationships between ADHD, reading difficulties and IQ in a sample of individuals diagnosed with ADHD combined type, their siblings and control sibling pairs. Methods:  Multivariate familial models were run on data from 1,789 individuals at ages 6–19. Reading difficulties were measured with both rating scale and an objective task. IQ was obtained using the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WISC–III/WAIS–III). Results:  Significant phenotypic (.2–.4) and familial (.3–.5) correlations were observed among ADHD, reading difficulties and IQ. Yet, 53%–72% of the overlapping familial influences between ADHD and reading difficulties were not shared with IQ. Conclusions:  Our finding that familial influences shared with general cognitive ability, although present, do not account for the majority of the overlapping familial influences on ADHD and reading difficulties extends previous findings from a population-based study to a clinically ascertained sample with combined type ADHD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02527.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=177

Annual Research Review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science - from characterization to cause / Edmund J.S. SONUGA-BARKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-4 (April 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-4 (April 2023) . - p.506-532 Titre : Annual Research Review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science - from characterization to cause Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edmund J.S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Stephen P. BECKER, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Jeffrey H. NEWCORN, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.506-532 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The science of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is motivated by a translational goal - the discovery and exploitation of knowledge about the nature of ADHD to the benefit of those individuals whose lives it affects. Over the past fifty years, scientific research has made enormous strides in characterizing the ADHD condition and in understanding its correlates and causes. However, the translation of these scientific insights into clinical benefits has been limited. In this review, we provide a selective and focused survey of the scientific field of ADHD, providing our personal perspectives on what constitutes the scientific consensus, important new leads to be highlighted, and the key outstanding questions to be addressed going forward. We cover two broad domains - clinical characterization and, risk factors, causal processes and neuro-biological pathways. Part one focuses on the developmental course of ADHD, co-occurring characteristics and conditions, and the functional impact of living with ADHD - including impairment, quality of life, and stigma. In part two, we explore genetic and environmental influences and putative mediating brain processes. In the final section, we reflect on the future of the ADHD construct in the light of cross-cutting scientific themes and recent conceptual reformulations that cast ADHD traits as part of a broader spectrum of neurodivergence. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13696 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501 [article] Annual Research Review: Perspectives on progress in ADHD science - from characterization to cause [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edmund J.S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Stephen P. BECKER, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Francisco Xavier CASTELLANOS, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Jeffrey H. NEWCORN, Auteur ; Joel T. NIGG, Auteur ; Luis Augusto ROHDE, Auteur ; Emily SIMONOFF, Auteur . - p.506-532. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-4 (April 2023) . - p.506-532 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The science of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is motivated by a translational goal - the discovery and exploitation of knowledge about the nature of ADHD to the benefit of those individuals whose lives it affects. Over the past fifty years, scientific research has made enormous strides in characterizing the ADHD condition and in understanding its correlates and causes. However, the translation of these scientific insights into clinical benefits has been limited. In this review, we provide a selective and focused survey of the scientific field of ADHD, providing our personal perspectives on what constitutes the scientific consensus, important new leads to be highlighted, and the key outstanding questions to be addressed going forward. We cover two broad domains - clinical characterization and, risk factors, causal processes and neuro-biological pathways. Part one focuses on the developmental course of ADHD, co-occurring characteristics and conditions, and the functional impact of living with ADHD - including impairment, quality of life, and stigma. In part two, we explore genetic and environmental influences and putative mediating brain processes. In the final section, we reflect on the future of the ADHD construct in the light of cross-cutting scientific themes and recent conceptual reformulations that cast ADHD traits as part of a broader spectrum of neurodivergence. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13696 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501

Autism symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Familial trait which Correlates with Conduct, Oppositional Defiant, Language and Motor Disorders / Aisling MULLIGAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-2 (February 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-2 (February 2009) . - p.197-209 Titre : Autism symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Familial trait which Correlates with Conduct, Oppositional Defiant, Language and Motor Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Aisling MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Richard ANNEY, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Myra O’REGAN, Auteur ; Louise BUTLER, Auteur ; Judith NIJMEIJER, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Hanna CHRISTIANSEN, Auteur ; Isabel GABRIELS, Auteur ; Rafaela MARCO, Auteur ; Sheera MEIDAD, Auteur ; Ueli MUELLER, Auteur ; Jacques EISENBERG, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Margaret J. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Ruud B. MINDERAA, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Michael FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Cathelijne J.M. BUSCHGENS, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Lamprini PSYCHOGIOU, Auteur ; Richard P. EBSTEIN, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.197-209 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADHD Autism Familiality Oppositional-disorders Motor-disorder Language-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is hypothesised that autism symptoms are present in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), are familial and index subtypes of ADHD. Autism symptoms were compared in 821 ADHD probands, 1050 siblings and 149 controls. Shared familiality of autism symptoms and ADHD was calculated using DeFries-Fulker analysis. Autism symptoms were higher in probands than siblings or controls, and higher in male siblings than male controls. Autism symptoms were familial, partly shared with familiality of ADHD in males. Latent class analysis using SCQ-score yielded five classes; Class 1(31%) had few autism symptoms and low comorbidity; Classes 2–4 were intermediate; Class 5(7%) had high autism symptoms and comorbidity. Thus autism symptoms in ADHD represent a familial trait associated with increased neurodevelopmental and oppositional/conduct disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0621-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=683 [article] Autism symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Familial trait which Correlates with Conduct, Oppositional Defiant, Language and Motor Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Aisling MULLIGAN, Auteur ; Herbert ROEYERS, Auteur ; Richard ANNEY, Auteur ; Wai CHEN, Auteur ; Myra O’REGAN, Auteur ; Louise BUTLER, Auteur ; Judith NIJMEIJER, Auteur ; Pieter J. HOEKSTRA, Auteur ; Robert D. OADES, Auteur ; Hanna CHRISTIANSEN, Auteur ; Isabel GABRIELS, Auteur ; Rafaela MARCO, Auteur ; Sheera MEIDAD, Auteur ; Ueli MUELLER, Auteur ; Jacques EISENBERG, Auteur ; Iris MANOR, Auteur ; Ana MIRANDA, Auteur ; Fernando MULAS, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Margaret J. THOMPSON, Auteur ; Ruud B. MINDERAA, Auteur ; Aribert ROTHENBERGER, Auteur ; Tobias BANASCHEWSKI, Auteur ; Henrik UEBEL, Auteur ; Joseph A. SERGEANT, Auteur ; Hans-Christoph STEINHAUSEN, Auteur ; Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Stephen V. FARAONE, Auteur ; Philip ASHERSON, Auteur ; Jonna KUNTSI, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Michael FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur ; Cathelijne J.M. BUSCHGENS, Auteur ; Michael GILL, Auteur ; Lamprini PSYCHOGIOU, Auteur ; Richard P. EBSTEIN, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.197-209. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-2 (February 2009) . - p.197-209 Mots-clés : ADHD Autism Familiality Oppositional-disorders Motor-disorder Language-disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is hypothesised that autism symptoms are present in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), are familial and index subtypes of ADHD. Autism symptoms were compared in 821 ADHD probands, 1050 siblings and 149 controls. Shared familiality of autism symptoms and ADHD was calculated using DeFries-Fulker analysis. Autism symptoms were higher in probands than siblings or controls, and higher in male siblings than male controls. Autism symptoms were familial, partly shared with familiality of ADHD in males. Latent class analysis using SCQ-score yielded five classes; Class 1(31%) had few autism symptoms and low comorbidity; Classes 2–4 were intermediate; Class 5(7%) had high autism symptoms and comorbidity. Thus autism symptoms in ADHD represent a familial trait associated with increased neurodevelopmental and oppositional/conduct disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0621-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=683

Cognitive impairments are different in single-incidence and multi-incidence ADHD families / Anoek M. OERLEMANS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56-7 (July 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.782-791 Titre : Cognitive impairments are different in single-incidence and multi-incidence ADHD families Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anoek M. OERLEMANS, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Yvette G. E. DE BRUIJN, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.782-791 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)  simplex-multiplex stratification  family  unaffected relative  endophenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We may improve our understanding of the role of common versus unique risk factors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by examining ADHD-related cognitive deficits in single- (SPX), and multi-incidence (MPX) families. Given that individuals from multiplex (MPX) families are likely to share genetic vulnerability for the disorder, whereas simplex (SPX) ADHD may be the result of sporadic (non-)genetic causes unique to the patient, we hypothesized that cognitive impairments may be different in SPX and MPX ADHD as indicated by (a) the presence of cognitive deficits in MPX, but not SPX unaffected siblings and (b) dissimilar cognitive profiles in SPX and MPX ADHD patients. Methods Tasks measuring total IQ, verbal attention, executive functioning, motor functioning, and time estimation were administered to 31 SPX/264 MPX ADHD probands, 47 SPX/123 MPX unaffected siblings, and 263 controls, aged 6–19 years. Results SPX unaffected siblings were unimpaired compared to controls, except for verbal working memory, whereas MPX unaffected siblings showed impairments on most cognitive domains. The cognitive profiles of SPX and MPX probands were highly similar, except that verbal attention, response inhibition and motor control deficits were more pronounced in MPX probands, and -compared to their unaffected siblings- impairments in IQ, visual working memory and timing abilities were more pronounced in SPX cases. Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that a partly different cognitive architecture may underlie SPX and MPX forms of ADHD, which becomes evident when contrasting cognitive performances within families. Cognitive factors underlying MPX forms of ADHD are familial, whereas nonfamilial in SPX ADHD. SPX-MPX stratification may be a step forward in unraveling diverse causal pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260 [article] Cognitive impairments are different in single-incidence and multi-incidence ADHD families [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anoek M. OERLEMANS, Auteur ; Catharina A. HARTMAN, Auteur ; Yvette G. E. DE BRUIJN, Auteur ; Barbara FRANKE, Auteur ; Jan K. BUITELAAR, Auteur ; Nanda N. ROMMELSE, Auteur . - p.782-791. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 56-7 (July 2015) . - p.782-791 Mots-clés : Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)  simplex-multiplex stratification  family  unaffected relative  endophenotype Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background We may improve our understanding of the role of common versus unique risk factors in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by examining ADHD-related cognitive deficits in single- (SPX), and multi-incidence (MPX) families. Given that individuals from multiplex (MPX) families are likely to share genetic vulnerability for the disorder, whereas simplex (SPX) ADHD may be the result of sporadic (non-)genetic causes unique to the patient, we hypothesized that cognitive impairments may be different in SPX and MPX ADHD as indicated by (a) the presence of cognitive deficits in MPX, but not SPX unaffected siblings and (b) dissimilar cognitive profiles in SPX and MPX ADHD patients. Methods Tasks measuring total IQ, verbal attention, executive functioning, motor functioning, and time estimation were administered to 31 SPX/264 MPX ADHD probands, 47 SPX/123 MPX unaffected siblings, and 263 controls, aged 6–19 years. Results SPX unaffected siblings were unimpaired compared to controls, except for verbal working memory, whereas MPX unaffected siblings showed impairments on most cognitive domains. The cognitive profiles of SPX and MPX probands were highly similar, except that verbal attention, response inhibition and motor control deficits were more pronounced in MPX probands, and -compared to their unaffected siblings- impairments in IQ, visual working memory and timing abilities were more pronounced in SPX cases. Conclusions Our results support the hypothesis that a partly different cognitive architecture may underlie SPX and MPX forms of ADHD, which becomes evident when contrasting cognitive performances within families. Cognitive factors underlying MPX forms of ADHD are familial, whereas nonfamilial in SPX ADHD. SPX-MPX stratification may be a step forward in unraveling diverse causal pathways. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12349 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=260

Distinct effects of ASD and ADHD symptoms on reward anticipation in participants with ADHD, their unaffected siblings and healthy controls: a cross-sectional study / Eelco V. VAN DONGEN in Molecular Autism, (August 2015)  

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Does the cognitive architecture of simplex and multiplex ASD families differ? / Anoek M. OERLEMANS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-2 (February 2016)  

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Dopamine and serotonin transporter genotypes moderate sensitivity to maternal expressed emotion: the case of conduct and emotional problems in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50-9 (September 2009)  

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Editorial: Accelerated epigenetic ageing as a consequence of early environmental adversity / Barbara FRANKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-11 (November 2022)  

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Editorial: It is time to modernize the concept of ADHD! / Barbara FRANKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-6 (June 2023)  

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Emotional lability in children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): clinical correlates and familial prevalence / Esther SOBANSKI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51-8 (August 2010)  

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Erratum : Autism Symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Familial Trait which Correlates with Conduct, Oppositional Defiant, Language and Motor Disorders / Aisling MULLIGAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-2 (February 2009)  

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Female-specific association of NOS1 genotype with white matter microstructure in ADHD patients and controls / Hanneke VAN EWIJK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-8 (August 2017)  

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From man to fly - convergent evidence links FBXO25 to ADHD and comorbid psychiatric phenotypes / Benjamin HARICH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61-5 (May 2020)  

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Identification of an age-dependent biomarker signature in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders / Jordan M. RAMSEY in Molecular Autism, (August 2013)  

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