Anorexia nervosa and autism: a prospective twin cohort study / Lisa DINKLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-3 (March 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-3 (March 2021) . - p.316-326 Titre : Anorexia nervosa and autism: a prospective twin cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lisa DINKLER, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Maria RASTAM, Auteur ; Nouchine HADJIKHANI, Auteur ; Cynthia M. BULIK, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.316-326 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eating disorder  anorexia nervosa  autism spectrum disorders  longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be phenotypically and etiologically linked. However, due to the absence of prospective studies, it remains unclear whether the elevation of autistic traits in AN is evident in early childhood. Here, we prospectively investigated autistic traits before and after the first diagnosis of AN. METHODS: In a population-based sample of 5,987 individuals (52.4% female) from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden, parents reported autistic traits at ages 9 and 18. AN and ASD diagnoses were retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register. In addition, AN diagnoses were ascertained by parent-reported treatment for AN. We compared whether individuals with and without AN differed in autistic traits before the first diagnosis of AN (age 9) and after the first diagnosis of AN (age 18). RESULTS: We did not find evidence for elevated autistic traits in 9-year-old children later diagnosed with AN. At age 18, however, there was a marked elevation in restricted/repetitive behavior and interests, but only in the subgroup of individuals with acute AN. A less pronounced elevation was observed for social communication problems. CONCLUSIONS: Coping strategies in individuals with ASD and the somewhat different female ASD phenotype may explain why we did not find elevated autistic traits in children who later developed AN. Alternatively, it is possible that elevated autistic traits were not present prior to the onset of AN, thus questioning the previously reported elevated prevalence of ASD in AN. Future studies should use tailored measurements in order to investigate whether autistic traits in individuals with AN are best conceptualized as an epiphenomenon of the acute AN phase or whether these symptoms indeed represent ASD as a clinically verifiable neurodevelopmental disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13265 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443 [article] Anorexia nervosa and autism: a prospective twin cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lisa DINKLER, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Maria RASTAM, Auteur ; Nouchine HADJIKHANI, Auteur ; Cynthia M. BULIK, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur . - p.316-326. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-3 (March 2021) . - p.316-326 Mots-clés : Eating disorder  anorexia nervosa  autism spectrum disorders  longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be phenotypically and etiologically linked. However, due to the absence of prospective studies, it remains unclear whether the elevation of autistic traits in AN is evident in early childhood. Here, we prospectively investigated autistic traits before and after the first diagnosis of AN. METHODS: In a population-based sample of 5,987 individuals (52.4% female) from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden, parents reported autistic traits at ages 9 and 18. AN and ASD diagnoses were retrieved from the Swedish National Patient Register. In addition, AN diagnoses were ascertained by parent-reported treatment for AN. We compared whether individuals with and without AN differed in autistic traits before the first diagnosis of AN (age 9) and after the first diagnosis of AN (age 18). RESULTS: We did not find evidence for elevated autistic traits in 9-year-old children later diagnosed with AN. At age 18, however, there was a marked elevation in restricted/repetitive behavior and interests, but only in the subgroup of individuals with acute AN. A less pronounced elevation was observed for social communication problems. CONCLUSIONS: Coping strategies in individuals with ASD and the somewhat different female ASD phenotype may explain why we did not find elevated autistic traits in children who later developed AN. Alternatively, it is possible that elevated autistic traits were not present prior to the onset of AN, thus questioning the previously reported elevated prevalence of ASD in AN. Future studies should use tailored measurements in order to investigate whether autistic traits in individuals with AN are best conceptualized as an epiphenomenon of the acute AN phase or whether these symptoms indeed represent ASD as a clinically verifiable neurodevelopmental disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13265 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=443

Maltreatment-associated neurodevelopmental disorders: a co-twin control analysis / Lisa DINKLER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-6 (June 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.691-701 Titre : Maltreatment-associated neurodevelopmental disorders: a co-twin control analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lisa DINKLER, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Ruchika GAJWANI, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Helen MINNIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.691-701 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child maltreatment  child abuse  neurodevelopmental disorders  behavior genetics  co-twin control design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment (CM) is strongly associated with psychiatric disorders in childhood and adulthood. Previous findings suggest that the association between CM and psychiatric disorders is partly causal and partly due to familial confounding, but few studies have investigated the mechanisms behind the association between CM and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Our objective was to determine whether maltreated children have an elevated number of NDDs and whether CM is a risk factor for an increased NDD ‘load’ and increased NDD symptoms when controlling for familial effects. Methods We used a cross-sectional sample from a population-representative Swedish twin study, comprising 8,192 nine-year-old twins born in Sweden between 1997 and 2005. CM was defined as parent-reported exposure to emotional abuse/neglect, physical neglect, physical abuse, and/or sexual abuse. Four NDDs were measured with the Autism–Tics, AD/HD, and other comorbidities inventory. Results Maltreated children had a greater mean number of NDDs than nonmaltreated children. In a co-twin control design, CM-discordant monozygotic twins did not differ significantly for their number of NDDs, suggesting that CM is not associated with an increased load of NDDs when genetic and shared environmental factors are taken into account. However, CM was associated with a small increase in symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in CM-discordant MZ twins, although most of the covariance of CM with NDD symptoms was explained by common genetic effects. Conclusions Maltreated children are at higher risk of having multiple NDDs. Our findings are, however, not consistent with the notion that CM causes the increased NDD load in maltreated children. Maltreated children should receive a full neurodevelopmental assessment, and clinicians should be aware that children with multiple NDDs are at higher risk of maltreatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12682 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308 [article] Maltreatment-associated neurodevelopmental disorders: a co-twin control analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lisa DINKLER, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Ruchika GAJWANI, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Christopher GILLBERG, Auteur ; Helen MINNIS, Auteur . - p.691-701. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-6 (June 2017) . - p.691-701 Mots-clés : Child maltreatment  child abuse  neurodevelopmental disorders  behavior genetics  co-twin control design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment (CM) is strongly associated with psychiatric disorders in childhood and adulthood. Previous findings suggest that the association between CM and psychiatric disorders is partly causal and partly due to familial confounding, but few studies have investigated the mechanisms behind the association between CM and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Our objective was to determine whether maltreated children have an elevated number of NDDs and whether CM is a risk factor for an increased NDD ‘load’ and increased NDD symptoms when controlling for familial effects. Methods We used a cross-sectional sample from a population-representative Swedish twin study, comprising 8,192 nine-year-old twins born in Sweden between 1997 and 2005. CM was defined as parent-reported exposure to emotional abuse/neglect, physical neglect, physical abuse, and/or sexual abuse. Four NDDs were measured with the Autism–Tics, AD/HD, and other comorbidities inventory. Results Maltreated children had a greater mean number of NDDs than nonmaltreated children. In a co-twin control design, CM-discordant monozygotic twins did not differ significantly for their number of NDDs, suggesting that CM is not associated with an increased load of NDDs when genetic and shared environmental factors are taken into account. However, CM was associated with a small increase in symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in CM-discordant MZ twins, although most of the covariance of CM with NDD symptoms was explained by common genetic effects. Conclusions Maltreated children are at higher risk of having multiple NDDs. Our findings are, however, not consistent with the notion that CM causes the increased NDD load in maltreated children. Maltreated children should receive a full neurodevelopmental assessment, and clinicians should be aware that children with multiple NDDs are at higher risk of maltreatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12682 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=308

Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions in 600 Swedish children with the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder phenotype / Manda NYHOLMER in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 66-9 (September 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-9 (September 2025) . - p.1333-1344 Titre : Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions in 600 Swedish children with the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder phenotype Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Manda NYHOLMER, Auteur ; Marie-Louis WRONSKI, Auteur ; Liv HOG, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Cynthia M. BULIK, Auteur ; Lisa DINKLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1333-1344 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Comorbidity  mental health  eating disorders  food fussiness  anxiety  autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a feeding and eating disorder characterized by extremely restricted dietary variety and/or quantity resulting in serious consequences for physical health and psychosocial functioning. ARFID often co-occurs with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) and psychiatric conditions, but previous data are mostly limited to small clinical samples examining a narrow range of conditions. Here, we examined NDCs and psychiatric conditions in a large, population-based group of children with ARFID. Methods In 30,795 children born 1992?2008 in Sweden, ARFID was assessed using parent reports and clinical diagnoses from national health registers. Parents further reported symptoms of NDCs and psychiatric conditions at child age 9 or 12?years. Validated cutoffs were applied to the resulting symptoms scores to identify above-threshold conditions. We then examined whether ARFID was associated with higher symptom scores (19 outcomes) and higher likelihood of above-threshold conditions (15 outcomes) using linear and logistic regressions. Results Most prevalent in children with ARFID were separation anxiety (29.0%), oppositional defiant disorder (19.4%), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, 16.9%), panic disorder (15.3%), and tic disorders (14.8%). For all measured co-occurring conditions, ARFID was associated with significantly higher symptom scores (standardized beta range: 0.6?1.5) and higher odds of above-threshold conditions (odds ratio [OR] range: 3.3?13.7). The conditions with the highest increase in odds were autism (OR?=?13.7) and ADHD (OR?=?9.4). We did not find any sex-specific differences in co-occurring conditions. Conclusions This study highlights the co-occurrence of a broad range of NDCs and psychiatric conditions with ARFID in a large, non-clinical cohort. Our findings underscore that children with ARFID face significant burden from multiple co-existing conditions which should be considered during assessment and treatment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14134 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566 [article] Neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions in 600 Swedish children with the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder phenotype [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Manda NYHOLMER, Auteur ; Marie-Louis WRONSKI, Auteur ; Liv HOG, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Sebastian LUNDSTROM, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Mark J. TAYLOR, Auteur ; Cynthia M. BULIK, Auteur ; Lisa DINKLER, Auteur . - p.1333-1344. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-9 (September 2025) . - p.1333-1344 Mots-clés : Comorbidity  mental health  eating disorders  food fussiness  anxiety  autism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a feeding and eating disorder characterized by extremely restricted dietary variety and/or quantity resulting in serious consequences for physical health and psychosocial functioning. ARFID often co-occurs with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) and psychiatric conditions, but previous data are mostly limited to small clinical samples examining a narrow range of conditions. Here, we examined NDCs and psychiatric conditions in a large, population-based group of children with ARFID. Methods In 30,795 children born 1992?2008 in Sweden, ARFID was assessed using parent reports and clinical diagnoses from national health registers. Parents further reported symptoms of NDCs and psychiatric conditions at child age 9 or 12?years. Validated cutoffs were applied to the resulting symptoms scores to identify above-threshold conditions. We then examined whether ARFID was associated with higher symptom scores (19 outcomes) and higher likelihood of above-threshold conditions (15 outcomes) using linear and logistic regressions. Results Most prevalent in children with ARFID were separation anxiety (29.0%), oppositional defiant disorder (19.4%), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, 16.9%), panic disorder (15.3%), and tic disorders (14.8%). For all measured co-occurring conditions, ARFID was associated with significantly higher symptom scores (standardized beta range: 0.6?1.5) and higher odds of above-threshold conditions (odds ratio [OR] range: 3.3?13.7). The conditions with the highest increase in odds were autism (OR?=?13.7) and ADHD (OR?=?9.4). We did not find any sex-specific differences in co-occurring conditions. Conclusions This study highlights the co-occurrence of a broad range of NDCs and psychiatric conditions with ARFID in a large, non-clinical cohort. Our findings underscore that children with ARFID face significant burden from multiple co-existing conditions which should be considered during assessment and treatment. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14134 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=566

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