Modulations of cognitive flexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder reflect dysfunctions of perceptual categorization / Nicole WOLFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-8 (August 2017) . - p.939-949 Titre : Modulations of cognitive flexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder reflect dysfunctions of perceptual categorization Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole WOLFF, Auteur ; Judith BUSE, Auteur ; Jadwiga TOST, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christian BESTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.939-949 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Obsessive compulsive disorder  perception  neurophysiology  event-related potential Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite cognitive inflexibility is trait like in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and underlies clinical symptomatology, it is elusive at what stage of information processing deficits, leading to cognitive inflexibility, emerges. We hypothesize that inhibitory control mechanisms during early stimulus categorization and integration into a knowledge system underlie these deficits. Methods We examined N = 25 adolescent OCD patients and matched healthy controls (HC) in a paradigm manipulating the importance of the knowledge system to perform task switching. This was done using a paradigm in which task switches were signaled either by visual stimuli or by working memory processes. This was combined with event-related potential recordings and source localization. Results Obsessive compulsive disorder patients showed increased switch costs in the memory as compared with the cue-based block, while HC showed similar switch costs in both blocks. At the neurophysiological level, these changes in OCD were not reflected by the N2 and P3 reflecting response-associated processes but by the P1 reflecting inhibitory control during sensory categorization processes. Activation differences in the right inferior frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus are associated with the P1 effect. Conclusions Cognitive flexibility in adolescent OCD patients is strongly modulated by working memory load. Contrary to common sense, not response-associated processes, but inhibitory control mechanisms during early stimulus categorization processes are likely to underlie cognitive inflexibility in OCD. These processes are associated with right inferior frontal and superior temporal gyrus mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317 [article] Modulations of cognitive flexibility in obsessive compulsive disorder reflect dysfunctions of perceptual categorization [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole WOLFF, Auteur ; Judith BUSE, Auteur ; Jadwiga TOST, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christian BESTE, Auteur . - p.939-949. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-8 (August 2017) . - p.939-949 Mots-clés : Obsessive compulsive disorder  perception  neurophysiology  event-related potential Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite cognitive inflexibility is trait like in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and underlies clinical symptomatology, it is elusive at what stage of information processing deficits, leading to cognitive inflexibility, emerges. We hypothesize that inhibitory control mechanisms during early stimulus categorization and integration into a knowledge system underlie these deficits. Methods We examined N = 25 adolescent OCD patients and matched healthy controls (HC) in a paradigm manipulating the importance of the knowledge system to perform task switching. This was done using a paradigm in which task switches were signaled either by visual stimuli or by working memory processes. This was combined with event-related potential recordings and source localization. Results Obsessive compulsive disorder patients showed increased switch costs in the memory as compared with the cue-based block, while HC showed similar switch costs in both blocks. At the neurophysiological level, these changes in OCD were not reflected by the N2 and P3 reflecting response-associated processes but by the P1 reflecting inhibitory control during sensory categorization processes. Activation differences in the right inferior frontal gyrus and superior temporal gyrus are associated with the P1 effect. Conclusions Cognitive flexibility in adolescent OCD patients is strongly modulated by working memory load. Contrary to common sense, not response-associated processes, but inhibitory control mechanisms during early stimulus categorization processes are likely to underlie cognitive inflexibility in OCD. These processes are associated with right inferior frontal and superior temporal gyrus mechanisms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12733 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=317

When repetitive mental sets increase cognitive flexibility in adolescent obsessive–compulsive disorder / Nicole WOLFF in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59-9 (September 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.1024-1032 Titre : When repetitive mental sets increase cognitive flexibility in adolescent obsessive–compulsive disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nicole WOLFF, Auteur ; Franziska GILLER, Auteur ; Judith BUSE, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christian BESTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1024-1032 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Obsessive–compulsive disorder  cognitive flexibility  neurophysiology  event-related potential Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background A major facet of obsessive?compulsive disorder (OCD) is cognitive inflexibility. However, sometimes, cognitive flexibility can be needed to reuse recently abandoned mental sets. Therefore, cognitive flexibility can in certain cases be useful to reinstate some form of rigid, repetitive behavior characterizing OCD. We test the counterintuitive hypothesis that under such circumstances, cognitive flexibility is better in OCD patients than controls. Methods We examined N = 20 adolescent OCD patients and N = 22 controls in a backward inhibition (BI) paradigm. This was combined with event-related potential (ERP) recordings and source localization. The BI effect describes the cost of overcoming the inhibition of a recently abandoned mental set that is relevant again. Therefore, a strong BI effect is disadvantageous for cognitive flexibility. Results Compared to controls, OCD patients revealed a smaller backward inhibition effect. The EEG data revealed larger P1 amplitudes in backward inhibition trials in the OCD group, which was due to activation differences in the inferior frontal gyrus (BA47). The severity of clinical symptoms predicted these neurophysiological modulations. The power of the observed effects was about 95%. Conclusions The study shows that cognitive flexibility can be better in OCD than controls. This may be the case in situations where superior abilities in the reactivation of repeating mental sets and difficulties to process new ones coincide. This may be accomplished by intensified inhibitory control mechanisms. The results challenge the view on OCD, since OCD is not generally associated with cognitive inflexibility. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12901 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] When repetitive mental sets increase cognitive flexibility in adolescent obsessive–compulsive disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nicole WOLFF, Auteur ; Franziska GILLER, Auteur ; Judith BUSE, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Christian BESTE, Auteur . - p.1024-1032. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 59-9 (September 2018) . - p.1024-1032 Mots-clés : Obsessive–compulsive disorder  cognitive flexibility  neurophysiology  event-related potential Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background A major facet of obsessive?compulsive disorder (OCD) is cognitive inflexibility. However, sometimes, cognitive flexibility can be needed to reuse recently abandoned mental sets. Therefore, cognitive flexibility can in certain cases be useful to reinstate some form of rigid, repetitive behavior characterizing OCD. We test the counterintuitive hypothesis that under such circumstances, cognitive flexibility is better in OCD patients than controls. Methods We examined N = 20 adolescent OCD patients and N = 22 controls in a backward inhibition (BI) paradigm. This was combined with event-related potential (ERP) recordings and source localization. The BI effect describes the cost of overcoming the inhibition of a recently abandoned mental set that is relevant again. Therefore, a strong BI effect is disadvantageous for cognitive flexibility. Results Compared to controls, OCD patients revealed a smaller backward inhibition effect. The EEG data revealed larger P1 amplitudes in backward inhibition trials in the OCD group, which was due to activation differences in the inferior frontal gyrus (BA47). The severity of clinical symptoms predicted these neurophysiological modulations. The power of the observed effects was about 95%. Conclusions The study shows that cognitive flexibility can be better in OCD than controls. This may be the case in situations where superior abilities in the reactivation of repeating mental sets and difficulties to process new ones coincide. This may be accomplished by intensified inhibitory control mechanisms. The results challenge the view on OCD, since OCD is not generally associated with cognitive inflexibility. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12901 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2)