Adolescents from upper middle class communities: Substance misuse and addiction across early adulthood / Suniya S. LUTHAR in Development and Psychopathology, 30-1 (February 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.315-335 Titre : Adolescents from upper middle class communities: Substance misuse and addiction across early adulthood Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Suniya S. LUTHAR, Auteur ; Phillip J. SMALL, Auteur ; Lucia CICIOLLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.315-335 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this prospective study of upper middle class youth, we document frequency of alcohol and drug use, as well as diagnoses of abuse and dependence, during early adulthood. Two cohorts were assessed as high school seniors and then annually across 4 college years (New England Study of Suburban Youth younger cohort [NESSY-Y]), and across ages 23–27 (NESSY older cohort [NESSY-O]; ns = 152 and 183 at final assessments, respectively). Across gender and annual assessments, results showed substantial elevations, relative to norms, for frequency of drunkenness and using marijuana, stimulants, and cocaine. Of more concern were psychiatric diagnoses of alcohol/drug dependence: among women and men, respectively, lifetime rates ranged between 19%–24% and 23%–40% among NESSY-Os at age 26; and 11%–16% and 19%–27% among NESSY-Ys at 22. Relative to norms, these rates among NESSY-O women and men were three and two times as high, respectively, and among NESSY-Y, close to one among women but twice as high among men. Findings also showed the protective power of parents’ containment (anticipated stringency of repercussions for substance use) at age 18; this was inversely associated with frequency of drunkenness and marijuana and stimulant use in adulthood. Results emphasize the need to take seriously the elevated rates of substance documented among adolescents in affluent American school communities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336 [article] Adolescents from upper middle class communities: Substance misuse and addiction across early adulthood [texte imprimé] / Suniya S. LUTHAR, Auteur ; Phillip J. SMALL, Auteur ; Lucia CICIOLLA, Auteur . - p.315-335. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-1 (February 2018) . - p.315-335 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this prospective study of upper middle class youth, we document frequency of alcohol and drug use, as well as diagnoses of abuse and dependence, during early adulthood. Two cohorts were assessed as high school seniors and then annually across 4 college years (New England Study of Suburban Youth younger cohort [NESSY-Y]), and across ages 23–27 (NESSY older cohort [NESSY-O]; ns = 152 and 183 at final assessments, respectively). Across gender and annual assessments, results showed substantial elevations, relative to norms, for frequency of drunkenness and using marijuana, stimulants, and cocaine. Of more concern were psychiatric diagnoses of alcohol/drug dependence: among women and men, respectively, lifetime rates ranged between 19%–24% and 23%–40% among NESSY-Os at age 26; and 11%–16% and 19%–27% among NESSY-Ys at 22. Relative to norms, these rates among NESSY-O women and men were three and two times as high, respectively, and among NESSY-Y, close to one among women but twice as high among men. Findings also showed the protective power of parents’ containment (anticipated stringency of repercussions for substance use) at age 18; this was inversely associated with frequency of drunkenness and marijuana and stimulant use in adulthood. Results emphasize the need to take seriously the elevated rates of substance documented among adolescents in affluent American school communities. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417000645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=336

Adolescents from upper middle class communities: Substance misuse and addiction across early adulthood—CORRIGENDUM / Suniya S. LUTHAR in Development and Psychopathology, 30-2 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 30-2 (May 2018) . - p.715-716 Titre : Adolescents from upper middle class communities: Substance misuse and addiction across early adulthood—CORRIGENDUM Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Suniya S. LUTHAR, Auteur ; Phillip J. SMALL, Auteur ; Lucia CICIOLLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.715-716 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417001043 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=359 [article] Adolescents from upper middle class communities: Substance misuse and addiction across early adulthood—CORRIGENDUM [texte imprimé] / Suniya S. LUTHAR, Auteur ; Phillip J. SMALL, Auteur ; Lucia CICIOLLA, Auteur . - p.715-716. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 30-2 (May 2018) . - p.715-716 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579417001043 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=359

A multimeasure approach to investigating affective appraisal of social information in Williams syndrome / Daniela PLESA-SKWERER in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 3-4 (December 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 3-4 (December 2011) . - p.325-34 Titre : A multimeasure approach to investigating affective appraisal of social information in Williams syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Daniela PLESA-SKWERER, Auteur ; Emily AMMERMAN, Auteur ; M.C. ANDRE, Auteur ; Lucia CICIOLLA, Auteur ; Alex B. FINE, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.325-34 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with Williams syndrome (WS) have been consistently described as showing heightened sociability, gregariousness, and interest in people, in conjunction with an uneven cognitive profile and mild to moderate intellectual or learning disability. To explore the mechanisms underlying this unusual social-behavioral phenotype, we investigated whether individuals with WS show an atypical appraisal style and autonomic responsiveness to emotionally laden images with social or nonsocial content. Adolescents and adults with WS were compared to chronological age-matched and nonverbal mental age-matched groups in their responses to positive and negative images with or without social content, using measures of self-selected viewing time (SSVT), autonomic arousal reflected in pupil dilation measures, and likeability ratings. The participants with WS looked significantly longer at the social images compared to images without social content and had reduced arousal to the negative social images compared to the control groups. In contrast to the comparison groups, the explicit ratings of likeability in the WS group did not correlate with their SSVT; instead, they reflected an appraisal style of more extreme ratings. This distinctive pattern of viewing interest, likeability ratings, and autonomic arousal to images with social content in the WS group suggests that their heightened social drive may be related to atypical functioning of reward-related brain systems reflected in SSVT and autonomic reactivity measures, but not in explicit ratings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-011-9100-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=343 [article] A multimeasure approach to investigating affective appraisal of social information in Williams syndrome [texte imprimé] / Daniela PLESA-SKWERER, Auteur ; Emily AMMERMAN, Auteur ; M.C. ANDRE, Auteur ; Lucia CICIOLLA, Auteur ; Alex B. FINE, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur . - p.325-34. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 3-4 (December 2011) . - p.325-34 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with Williams syndrome (WS) have been consistently described as showing heightened sociability, gregariousness, and interest in people, in conjunction with an uneven cognitive profile and mild to moderate intellectual or learning disability. To explore the mechanisms underlying this unusual social-behavioral phenotype, we investigated whether individuals with WS show an atypical appraisal style and autonomic responsiveness to emotionally laden images with social or nonsocial content. Adolescents and adults with WS were compared to chronological age-matched and nonverbal mental age-matched groups in their responses to positive and negative images with or without social content, using measures of self-selected viewing time (SSVT), autonomic arousal reflected in pupil dilation measures, and likeability ratings. The participants with WS looked significantly longer at the social images compared to images without social content and had reduced arousal to the negative social images compared to the control groups. In contrast to the comparison groups, the explicit ratings of likeability in the WS group did not correlate with their SSVT; instead, they reflected an appraisal style of more extreme ratings. This distinctive pattern of viewing interest, likeability ratings, and autonomic arousal to images with social content in the WS group suggests that their heightened social drive may be related to atypical functioning of reward-related brain systems reflected in SSVT and autonomic reactivity measures, but not in explicit ratings. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-011-9100-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=343

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