Correction to: Expressive language sampling as a source of outcome measures for treatment studies in fragile X syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity / Leonard ABBEDUTO in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 12 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Titre : Correction to: Expressive language sampling as a source of outcome measures for treatment studies in fragile X syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Audra STERLING, Auteur ; Stephanie SHERMAN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Andrea MCDUFFIE, Auteur ; Anne HOFFMANN, Auteur ; Debra HAMILTON, Auteur ; Michael NELSON, Auteur ; Jeannie ASCHKENASY, Auteur ; Angela John THURMAN, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the original publication of this article [1], the author name Leonard Abbeduto was misspelled as Leonardkk Abbeduto. The original article has been corrected. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-020-09314-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573 [article] Correction to: Expressive language sampling as a source of outcome measures for treatment studies in fragile X syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity [texte imprimé] / Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Audra STERLING, Auteur ; Stephanie SHERMAN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Andrea MCDUFFIE, Auteur ; Anne HOFFMANN, Auteur ; Debra HAMILTON, Auteur ; Michael NELSON, Auteur ; Jeannie ASCHKENASY, Auteur ; Angela John THURMAN, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the original publication of this article [1], the author name Leonard Abbeduto was misspelled as Leonardkk Abbeduto. The original article has been corrected. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-020-09314-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573

Development and validation of the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down syndrome / Jamie O. EDGIN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2-3 (September 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 2-3 (September 2010) . - p.149-164 Titre : Development and validation of the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Gina M. MASON, Auteur ; Melissa J. ALLMAN, Auteur ; George T. CAPONE, Auteur ; Iser DELEON, Auteur ; Cheryl MASLEN, Auteur ; Roger H. REEVES, Auteur ; Stephanie L. SHERMAN, Auteur ; Lynn NADEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.149-164 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurocognitive assessment in individuals with intellectual disabilities requires a well-validated test battery. To meet this need, the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery (ACTB) has been developed specifically to assess the cognitive phenotype in Down syndrome (DS). The ACTB includes neuropsychological assessments chosen to 1) assess a range of skills, 2) be non-verbal so as to not confound the neuropsychological assessment with language demands, 3) have distributional properties appropriate for research studies to identify genetic modifiers of variation, 4) show sensitivity to within and between sample differences, 5) have specific correlates with brain function, and 6) be applicable to a wide age range and across contexts. The ACTB includes tests of general cognitive ability and prefrontal, hippocampal and cerebellar function. These tasks were drawn from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB) and other established paradigms. Alongside the cognitive testing battery we administered benchmark and parent-report assessments of cognition and behavior. Individuals with DS (n=74, ages 7-38 years) and mental age (MA) matched controls (n=50, ages 3-8 years) were tested across 3 sites. A subsample of these groups were used for between-group comparisons, including 55 individuals with DS and 36 mental age matched controls. The ACTB allows for low floor performance levels and participant loss. Floor effects were greater in younger children. Individuals with DS were impaired on a number ACTB tests in comparison to a MA-matched sample, with some areas of spared ability, particularly on tests requiring extensive motor coordination. Battery measures correlated with parent report of behavior and development. The ACTB provided consistent results across contexts, including home vs. lab visits, cross-site, and among individuals with a wide range of socio-economic backgrounds and differences in ethnicity. The ACTB will be useful in a range of outcome studies, including clinical trials and the identification of important genetic components of cognitive disability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9054-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=342 [article] Development and validation of the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down syndrome [texte imprimé] / Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Gina M. MASON, Auteur ; Melissa J. ALLMAN, Auteur ; George T. CAPONE, Auteur ; Iser DELEON, Auteur ; Cheryl MASLEN, Auteur ; Roger H. REEVES, Auteur ; Stephanie L. SHERMAN, Auteur ; Lynn NADEL, Auteur . - p.149-164. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 2-3 (September 2010) . - p.149-164 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurocognitive assessment in individuals with intellectual disabilities requires a well-validated test battery. To meet this need, the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery (ACTB) has been developed specifically to assess the cognitive phenotype in Down syndrome (DS). The ACTB includes neuropsychological assessments chosen to 1) assess a range of skills, 2) be non-verbal so as to not confound the neuropsychological assessment with language demands, 3) have distributional properties appropriate for research studies to identify genetic modifiers of variation, 4) show sensitivity to within and between sample differences, 5) have specific correlates with brain function, and 6) be applicable to a wide age range and across contexts. The ACTB includes tests of general cognitive ability and prefrontal, hippocampal and cerebellar function. These tasks were drawn from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB) and other established paradigms. Alongside the cognitive testing battery we administered benchmark and parent-report assessments of cognition and behavior. Individuals with DS (n=74, ages 7-38 years) and mental age (MA) matched controls (n=50, ages 3-8 years) were tested across 3 sites. A subsample of these groups were used for between-group comparisons, including 55 individuals with DS and 36 mental age matched controls. The ACTB allows for low floor performance levels and participant loss. Floor effects were greater in younger children. Individuals with DS were impaired on a number ACTB tests in comparison to a MA-matched sample, with some areas of spared ability, particularly on tests requiring extensive motor coordination. Battery measures correlated with parent report of behavior and development. The ACTB provided consistent results across contexts, including home vs. lab visits, cross-site, and among individuals with a wide range of socio-economic backgrounds and differences in ethnicity. The ACTB will be useful in a range of outcome studies, including clinical trials and the identification of important genetic components of cognitive disability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9054-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=342

Expressive language sampling as a source of outcome measures for treatment studies in fragile X syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity / Leonard ABBEDUTO in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 12 (2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Titre : Expressive language sampling as a source of outcome measures for treatment studies in fragile X syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Audra STERLING, Auteur ; Stephanie SHERMAN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Andrea MCDUFFIE, Auteur ; Anne HOFFMANN, Auteur ; Debra HAMILTON, Auteur ; Michael NELSON, Auteur ; Jeannie ASCHKENASY, Auteur ; Angela John THURMAN, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Feasibility Studies  Female  Fragile X Syndrome/therapy  Humans  Language Tests/statistics & numerical data  Male  Outcome Assessment, Health Care  Psychometrics  Reproducibility of Results  Young Adult  Clinical trials  Expressive language  Fragile X syndrome  Outcome measures  treatment  Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Fulcrum Therapeutics, and Lumind to consult on and  implement outcome measures in clinical trials for FXS and Down syndrome. EBK has  received funding from Seaside Therapeutics, Novartis, Roche, Alcobra, Neuren,  Cydan, Fulcrum, GW, Neurotrope, Marinus, Zynerba, BioMarin, Lumos, Ovid, AMO,  Yamo, Ionis, GeneTx, Acadia, Neurogene, Ultragenyx, and  Vtesse/Sucampo/Mallinkcrodt Pharmaceuticals to consult on trial design or  development strategies and/or conduct clinical trials in FXS or other genetic  Neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders, and from Asuragen Inc. to  develop testing standards for FMR1 testing. AJT has received funding from Fulcrum  Therapeutics to develop outcome measures for FXS. The other authors declare that  they have no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The evaluation of treatment efficacy for individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) or intellectual disability (ID) more generally has been hampered by the lack of adequate outcome measures. We evaluated expressive language sampling (ELS) as a procedure for generating outcome measures for treatment research in FXS. We addressed: (a) feasibility, (b) practice effects over two administrations, (c) test-retest reliability over the repeated administrations, and (d) construct validity. We addressed these issues for the full sample as well as for subgroups defined by age, IQ, and ASD status. METHODS: Participants were 106 individuals with FXS between ages 6 and 23 years who had IQs within the range of intellectual disability (IQ < 70). ELS procedures for collecting samples in conversation and narration were followed and analyzed separately. Five measures were derived from transcripts segmented into C-units (i.e., an independent clause and its modifiers): number of C-units per minute (talkativeness), number of different word roots (vocabulary), C-unit length in morphemes (syntax), percentage of C-units containing dysfluency (utterance planning), and percentage of C-units that were fully or partly unintelligible (articulatory quality). ELS procedures were administered twice at 4-week intervals for each participant. Standardized tests and informant reports were administered and provided measures for evaluating construct validity of ELS measures. RESULTS: We found low rates of noncompliance, suggesting the task can be completed meaningfully by most individuals with FXS, although noncompliance was higher for younger, lower IQ, and more autistic participants. Minimal practice effects and strong test-retest reliability over the 4-week interval were observed for the full sample and across the range of ages, IQs, and autism symptom severity. Evidence of convergent construct validity was observed for the measures of vocabulary, syntax, and unintelligibility for the full sample and across the range of IQ and autism symptom severity, but not for participants under age 12. Conversation and narration yielded largely similar results in all analyses. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the ELS procedures are feasible and yield measures with adequate psychometric properties for a majority of 6 to 23 years with FXS who have ID. The procedures work equally well regardless of level of ID or degree of ASD severity. The procedures, however, are more challenging and have somewhat less adequate psychometric properties for individuals with FXS under age 12. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-020-09313-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573 [article] Expressive language sampling as a source of outcome measures for treatment studies in fragile X syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity [texte imprimé] / Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Audra STERLING, Auteur ; Stephanie SHERMAN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Andrea MCDUFFIE, Auteur ; Anne HOFFMANN, Auteur ; Debra HAMILTON, Auteur ; Michael NELSON, Auteur ; Jeannie ASCHKENASY, Auteur ; Angela John THURMAN, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 12 (2020) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Feasibility Studies  Female  Fragile X Syndrome/therapy  Humans  Language Tests/statistics & numerical data  Male  Outcome Assessment, Health Care  Psychometrics  Reproducibility of Results  Young Adult  Clinical trials  Expressive language  Fragile X syndrome  Outcome measures  treatment  Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Fulcrum Therapeutics, and Lumind to consult on and  implement outcome measures in clinical trials for FXS and Down syndrome. EBK has  received funding from Seaside Therapeutics, Novartis, Roche, Alcobra, Neuren,  Cydan, Fulcrum, GW, Neurotrope, Marinus, Zynerba, BioMarin, Lumos, Ovid, AMO,  Yamo, Ionis, GeneTx, Acadia, Neurogene, Ultragenyx, and  Vtesse/Sucampo/Mallinkcrodt Pharmaceuticals to consult on trial design or  development strategies and/or conduct clinical trials in FXS or other genetic  Neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders, and from Asuragen Inc. to  develop testing standards for FMR1 testing. AJT has received funding from Fulcrum  Therapeutics to develop outcome measures for FXS. The other authors declare that  they have no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The evaluation of treatment efficacy for individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) or intellectual disability (ID) more generally has been hampered by the lack of adequate outcome measures. We evaluated expressive language sampling (ELS) as a procedure for generating outcome measures for treatment research in FXS. We addressed: (a) feasibility, (b) practice effects over two administrations, (c) test-retest reliability over the repeated administrations, and (d) construct validity. We addressed these issues for the full sample as well as for subgroups defined by age, IQ, and ASD status. METHODS: Participants were 106 individuals with FXS between ages 6 and 23 years who had IQs within the range of intellectual disability (IQ < 70). ELS procedures for collecting samples in conversation and narration were followed and analyzed separately. Five measures were derived from transcripts segmented into C-units (i.e., an independent clause and its modifiers): number of C-units per minute (talkativeness), number of different word roots (vocabulary), C-unit length in morphemes (syntax), percentage of C-units containing dysfluency (utterance planning), and percentage of C-units that were fully or partly unintelligible (articulatory quality). ELS procedures were administered twice at 4-week intervals for each participant. Standardized tests and informant reports were administered and provided measures for evaluating construct validity of ELS measures. RESULTS: We found low rates of noncompliance, suggesting the task can be completed meaningfully by most individuals with FXS, although noncompliance was higher for younger, lower IQ, and more autistic participants. Minimal practice effects and strong test-retest reliability over the 4-week interval were observed for the full sample and across the range of ages, IQs, and autism symptom severity. Evidence of convergent construct validity was observed for the measures of vocabulary, syntax, and unintelligibility for the full sample and across the range of IQ and autism symptom severity, but not for participants under age 12. Conversation and narration yielded largely similar results in all analyses. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the ELS procedures are feasible and yield measures with adequate psychometric properties for a majority of 6 to 23 years with FXS who have ID. The procedures work equally well regardless of level of ID or degree of ASD severity. The procedures, however, are more challenging and have somewhat less adequate psychometric properties for individuals with FXS under age 12. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-020-09313-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573

Spoken language outcome measures for treatment studies in Down syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of variables generated from expressive language sampling / Angela John THURMAN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 13 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 13 (2021) Titre : Spoken language outcome measures for treatment studies in Down syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of variables generated from expressive language sampling Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Angela John THURMAN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Stephanie L SHERMAN, Auteur ; Audra STERLING, Auteur ; Andrea MCDUFFIE, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Debra HAMILTON, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Child  Child, Preschool  Down Syndrome  Feasibility Studies  Humans  Language  Outcome Assessment, Health Care  Reproducibility of Results  Young Adult  Clinical trials  Down syndrome  Expressive language  Expressive language sampling  Outcome measures  Psychometrics  Treatment  Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Fulcrum Therapeutics, and Lumind to consult on and  implement outcome measures in clinical trials for FXS and DS. EBK has received  funding from Seaside Therapeutics, Novartis, Roche, Alcobra, Neuren, Cydan,  Fulcrum, GW, Neurotrope, Marinus, Zynerba, BioMarin, Lumos, Ovid, AMO, Yamo,  Ionis, GeneTx, Acadia, Neurogene, Ultragenyx, and Vtesse/Sucampo/Mallinkcrodt  Pharmaceuticals to consult on trial design or development strategies and/or  conduct clinical trials in FXS or other genetic neurodevelopmental or  neurodegenerative disorders, and from Asuragen Inc. to develop testing standards  for FMR1 testing. AJT has received funding from Fulcrum Therapeutics to develop  outcome measures for FXS. The other authors declare that they have no competing  interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate expressive language sampling (ELS) as a procedure for generating spoken language outcome measures for treatment research in Down syndrome (DS). We addressed (a) feasibility, (b) practice effects across two short-term administrations, (c) test-retest reliability across two short-term administrations, (d) convergent and discriminant construct validity, and (e) considered comparisons across the conversation and narration contexts. METHOD: Participants were 107 individuals with DS between 6 and 23 years of age who presented with intellectual disability (IQ < 70). The utility of ELS procedures designed to collect samples of spoken language in conversation and narration were evaluated separately. Variables of talkativeness, vocabulary, syntax, utterance planning, and articulation quality, derived from transcripts segmented into C-units (i.e., an independent clause and its modifiers), were considered. A 4-week interval was used to assess practice effects and test-retest reliability. Standardized direct assessments and informant report measures were collected to evaluate construct validity of the ELS variables. RESULTS: Low rates of noncompliance were observed; youth who were under 12 years of age, had phrase-level speech or less, and had a 4-year-old developmental level or less were at particular risk for experiencing difficulty completing the ELS procedures. Minimal practice effects and strong test-retest reliability across the 4-week test-retest interval was observed. The vocabulary, syntax, and speech intelligibility variables demonstrated strong convergent and discriminant validity. Although significant correlations were found between the variables derived from both the conversation and narration contexts, some differences were noted. CONCLUSION: The ELS procedures considered were feasible and yielded variables with adequate psychometric properties for most individuals with DS between 6 and 23 years old. That said, studies of outcome measures appropriate for individuals with DS with more limited spoken language skills are needed. Context differences were observed in ELS variables suggest that comprehensive evaluation of expressive language is likely best obtained when utilizing both contexts. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09361-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573 [article] Spoken language outcome measures for treatment studies in Down syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of variables generated from expressive language sampling [texte imprimé] / Angela John THURMAN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Stephanie L SHERMAN, Auteur ; Audra STERLING, Auteur ; Andrea MCDUFFIE, Auteur ; Elizabeth BERRY-KRAVIS, Auteur ; Debra HAMILTON, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 13 (2021) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Child  Child, Preschool  Down Syndrome  Feasibility Studies  Humans  Language  Outcome Assessment, Health Care  Reproducibility of Results  Young Adult  Clinical trials  Down syndrome  Expressive language  Expressive language sampling  Outcome measures  Psychometrics  Treatment  Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Fulcrum Therapeutics, and Lumind to consult on and  implement outcome measures in clinical trials for FXS and DS. EBK has received  funding from Seaside Therapeutics, Novartis, Roche, Alcobra, Neuren, Cydan,  Fulcrum, GW, Neurotrope, Marinus, Zynerba, BioMarin, Lumos, Ovid, AMO, Yamo,  Ionis, GeneTx, Acadia, Neurogene, Ultragenyx, and Vtesse/Sucampo/Mallinkcrodt  Pharmaceuticals to consult on trial design or development strategies and/or  conduct clinical trials in FXS or other genetic neurodevelopmental or  neurodegenerative disorders, and from Asuragen Inc. to develop testing standards  for FMR1 testing. AJT has received funding from Fulcrum Therapeutics to develop  outcome measures for FXS. The other authors declare that they have no competing  interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate expressive language sampling (ELS) as a procedure for generating spoken language outcome measures for treatment research in Down syndrome (DS). We addressed (a) feasibility, (b) practice effects across two short-term administrations, (c) test-retest reliability across two short-term administrations, (d) convergent and discriminant construct validity, and (e) considered comparisons across the conversation and narration contexts. METHOD: Participants were 107 individuals with DS between 6 and 23 years of age who presented with intellectual disability (IQ < 70). The utility of ELS procedures designed to collect samples of spoken language in conversation and narration were evaluated separately. Variables of talkativeness, vocabulary, syntax, utterance planning, and articulation quality, derived from transcripts segmented into C-units (i.e., an independent clause and its modifiers), were considered. A 4-week interval was used to assess practice effects and test-retest reliability. Standardized direct assessments and informant report measures were collected to evaluate construct validity of the ELS variables. RESULTS: Low rates of noncompliance were observed; youth who were under 12 years of age, had phrase-level speech or less, and had a 4-year-old developmental level or less were at particular risk for experiencing difficulty completing the ELS procedures. Minimal practice effects and strong test-retest reliability across the 4-week test-retest interval was observed. The vocabulary, syntax, and speech intelligibility variables demonstrated strong convergent and discriminant validity. Although significant correlations were found between the variables derived from both the conversation and narration contexts, some differences were noted. CONCLUSION: The ELS procedures considered were feasible and yielded variables with adequate psychometric properties for most individuals with DS between 6 and 23 years old. That said, studies of outcome measures appropriate for individuals with DS with more limited spoken language skills are needed. Context differences were observed in ELS variables suggest that comprehensive evaluation of expressive language is likely best obtained when utilizing both contexts. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09361-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=573

Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome / Jeffrey S. ANDERSON in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.15 Titre : Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jeffrey S. ANDERSON, Auteur ; Scott M. TREIMAN, Auteur ; Michael A. FERGUSON, Auteur ; Jared A. NIELSEN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Li DAI, Auteur ; Guido GERIG, Auteur ; Julie R. KORENBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  Down syndrome  Violence  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to recognize and respond appropriately to threat is critical to survival, and the neural substrates subserving attention to threat may be probed using depictions of media violence. Whether neural responses to potential threat differ in Down syndrome is not known. METHODS: We performed functional MRI scans of 15 adolescent and adult Down syndrome and 14 typically developing individuals, group matched by age and gender, during 50 min of passive cartoon viewing. Brain activation to auditory and visual features, violence, and presence of the protagonist and antagonist were compared across cartoon segments. fMRI signal from the brain's dorsal attention network was compared to thematic and violent events within the cartoons between Down syndrome and control samples. RESULTS: We found that in typical development, the brain's dorsal attention network was most active during violent scenes in the cartoons and that this was significantly and specifically reduced in Down syndrome. When the antagonist was on screen, there was significantly less activation in the left medial temporal lobe of individuals with Down syndrome. As scenes represented greater relative threat, the disparity between attentional brain activation in Down syndrome and control individuals increased. There was a reduction in the temporal autocorrelation of the dorsal attention network, consistent with a shortened attention span in Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome exhibited significantly reduced activation in primary sensory cortices, and such perceptual impairments may constrain their ability to respond to more complex social cues such as violence. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may indicate a relative deficit in emotive perception of violence in Down syndrome, possibly mediated by impaired sensory perception and hypoactivation of medial temporal structures in response to threats, with relative preservation of activity in pro-social brain regions. These findings indicate that specific genetic differences associated with Down syndrome can modulate the brain's response to violence and other complex emotive ideas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9112-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 [article] Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome [texte imprimé] / Jeffrey S. ANDERSON, Auteur ; Scott M. TREIMAN, Auteur ; Michael A. FERGUSON, Auteur ; Jared A. NIELSEN, Auteur ; Jamie O. EDGIN, Auteur ; Li DAI, Auteur ; Guido GERIG, Auteur ; Julie R. KORENBERG, Auteur . - p.15. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.15 Mots-clés : Attention  Down syndrome  Violence  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to recognize and respond appropriately to threat is critical to survival, and the neural substrates subserving attention to threat may be probed using depictions of media violence. Whether neural responses to potential threat differ in Down syndrome is not known. METHODS: We performed functional MRI scans of 15 adolescent and adult Down syndrome and 14 typically developing individuals, group matched by age and gender, during 50 min of passive cartoon viewing. Brain activation to auditory and visual features, violence, and presence of the protagonist and antagonist were compared across cartoon segments. fMRI signal from the brain's dorsal attention network was compared to thematic and violent events within the cartoons between Down syndrome and control samples. RESULTS: We found that in typical development, the brain's dorsal attention network was most active during violent scenes in the cartoons and that this was significantly and specifically reduced in Down syndrome. When the antagonist was on screen, there was significantly less activation in the left medial temporal lobe of individuals with Down syndrome. As scenes represented greater relative threat, the disparity between attentional brain activation in Down syndrome and control individuals increased. There was a reduction in the temporal autocorrelation of the dorsal attention network, consistent with a shortened attention span in Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome exhibited significantly reduced activation in primary sensory cortices, and such perceptual impairments may constrain their ability to respond to more complex social cues such as violence. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may indicate a relative deficit in emotive perception of violence in Down syndrome, possibly mediated by impaired sensory perception and hypoactivation of medial temporal structures in response to threats, with relative preservation of activity in pro-social brain regions. These findings indicate that specific genetic differences associated with Down syndrome can modulate the brain's response to violence and other complex emotive ideas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9112-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347

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