Development and validation of the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down syndrome / J. O. EDGIN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2-3 (September 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 2-3 (September 2010) . - p.149-164 Titre : Development and validation of the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. O. EDGIN, Auteur ; G. M. MASON, Auteur ; Melissa J. ALLMAN, Auteur ; George T. CAPONE, Auteur ; I. DELEON, Auteur ; C. MASLEN, Auteur ; R. H. REEVES, Auteur ; S. L. SHERMAN, Auteur ; L. NADEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.149-164 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurocognitive assessment in individuals with intellectual disabilities requires a well-validated test battery. To meet this need, the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery (ACTB) has been developed specifically to assess the cognitive phenotype in Down syndrome (DS). The ACTB includes neuropsychological assessments chosen to 1) assess a range of skills, 2) be non-verbal so as to not confound the neuropsychological assessment with language demands, 3) have distributional properties appropriate for research studies to identify genetic modifiers of variation, 4) show sensitivity to within and between sample differences, 5) have specific correlates with brain function, and 6) be applicable to a wide age range and across contexts. The ACTB includes tests of general cognitive ability and prefrontal, hippocampal and cerebellar function. These tasks were drawn from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB) and other established paradigms. Alongside the cognitive testing battery we administered benchmark and parent-report assessments of cognition and behavior. Individuals with DS (n=74, ages 7-38 years) and mental age (MA) matched controls (n=50, ages 3-8 years) were tested across 3 sites. A subsample of these groups were used for between-group comparisons, including 55 individuals with DS and 36 mental age matched controls. The ACTB allows for low floor performance levels and participant loss. Floor effects were greater in younger children. Individuals with DS were impaired on a number ACTB tests in comparison to a MA-matched sample, with some areas of spared ability, particularly on tests requiring extensive motor coordination. Battery measures correlated with parent report of behavior and development. The ACTB provided consistent results across contexts, including home vs. lab visits, cross-site, and among individuals with a wide range of socio-economic backgrounds and differences in ethnicity. The ACTB will be useful in a range of outcome studies, including clinical trials and the identification of important genetic components of cognitive disability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9054-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=342 [article] Development and validation of the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery for Down syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. O. EDGIN, Auteur ; G. M. MASON, Auteur ; Melissa J. ALLMAN, Auteur ; George T. CAPONE, Auteur ; I. DELEON, Auteur ; C. MASLEN, Auteur ; R. H. REEVES, Auteur ; S. L. SHERMAN, Auteur ; L. NADEL, Auteur . - p.149-164. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 2-3 (September 2010) . - p.149-164 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neurocognitive assessment in individuals with intellectual disabilities requires a well-validated test battery. To meet this need, the Arizona Cognitive Test Battery (ACTB) has been developed specifically to assess the cognitive phenotype in Down syndrome (DS). The ACTB includes neuropsychological assessments chosen to 1) assess a range of skills, 2) be non-verbal so as to not confound the neuropsychological assessment with language demands, 3) have distributional properties appropriate for research studies to identify genetic modifiers of variation, 4) show sensitivity to within and between sample differences, 5) have specific correlates with brain function, and 6) be applicable to a wide age range and across contexts. The ACTB includes tests of general cognitive ability and prefrontal, hippocampal and cerebellar function. These tasks were drawn from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB) and other established paradigms. Alongside the cognitive testing battery we administered benchmark and parent-report assessments of cognition and behavior. Individuals with DS (n=74, ages 7-38 years) and mental age (MA) matched controls (n=50, ages 3-8 years) were tested across 3 sites. A subsample of these groups were used for between-group comparisons, including 55 individuals with DS and 36 mental age matched controls. The ACTB allows for low floor performance levels and participant loss. Floor effects were greater in younger children. Individuals with DS were impaired on a number ACTB tests in comparison to a MA-matched sample, with some areas of spared ability, particularly on tests requiring extensive motor coordination. Battery measures correlated with parent report of behavior and development. The ACTB provided consistent results across contexts, including home vs. lab visits, cross-site, and among individuals with a wide range of socio-economic backgrounds and differences in ethnicity. The ACTB will be useful in a range of outcome studies, including clinical trials and the identification of important genetic components of cognitive disability. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11689-010-9054-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=342

Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome / Jeffrey S. ANDERSON in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7-1 (December 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.15 Titre : Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jeffrey S. ANDERSON, Auteur ; S. M. TREIMAN, Auteur ; M. A. FERGUSON, Auteur ; J. A. NIELSEN, Auteur ; J. O. EDGIN, Auteur ; L. DAI, Auteur ; G. GERIG, Auteur ; J. R. KORENBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.15 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  Down syndrome  Violence  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to recognize and respond appropriately to threat is critical to survival, and the neural substrates subserving attention to threat may be probed using depictions of media violence. Whether neural responses to potential threat differ in Down syndrome is not known. METHODS: We performed functional MRI scans of 15 adolescent and adult Down syndrome and 14 typically developing individuals, group matched by age and gender, during 50 min of passive cartoon viewing. Brain activation to auditory and visual features, violence, and presence of the protagonist and antagonist were compared across cartoon segments. fMRI signal from the brain's dorsal attention network was compared to thematic and violent events within the cartoons between Down syndrome and control samples. RESULTS: We found that in typical development, the brain's dorsal attention network was most active during violent scenes in the cartoons and that this was significantly and specifically reduced in Down syndrome. When the antagonist was on screen, there was significantly less activation in the left medial temporal lobe of individuals with Down syndrome. As scenes represented greater relative threat, the disparity between attentional brain activation in Down syndrome and control individuals increased. There was a reduction in the temporal autocorrelation of the dorsal attention network, consistent with a shortened attention span in Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome exhibited significantly reduced activation in primary sensory cortices, and such perceptual impairments may constrain their ability to respond to more complex social cues such as violence. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may indicate a relative deficit in emotive perception of violence in Down syndrome, possibly mediated by impaired sensory perception and hypoactivation of medial temporal structures in response to threats, with relative preservation of activity in pro-social brain regions. These findings indicate that specific genetic differences associated with Down syndrome can modulate the brain's response to violence and other complex emotive ideas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9112-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 [article] Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jeffrey S. ANDERSON, Auteur ; S. M. TREIMAN, Auteur ; M. A. FERGUSON, Auteur ; J. A. NIELSEN, Auteur ; J. O. EDGIN, Auteur ; L. DAI, Auteur ; G. GERIG, Auteur ; J. R. KORENBERG, Auteur . - p.15. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 7-1 (December 2015) . - p.15 Mots-clés : Attention  Down syndrome  Violence  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: The ability to recognize and respond appropriately to threat is critical to survival, and the neural substrates subserving attention to threat may be probed using depictions of media violence. Whether neural responses to potential threat differ in Down syndrome is not known. METHODS: We performed functional MRI scans of 15 adolescent and adult Down syndrome and 14 typically developing individuals, group matched by age and gender, during 50 min of passive cartoon viewing. Brain activation to auditory and visual features, violence, and presence of the protagonist and antagonist were compared across cartoon segments. fMRI signal from the brain's dorsal attention network was compared to thematic and violent events within the cartoons between Down syndrome and control samples. RESULTS: We found that in typical development, the brain's dorsal attention network was most active during violent scenes in the cartoons and that this was significantly and specifically reduced in Down syndrome. When the antagonist was on screen, there was significantly less activation in the left medial temporal lobe of individuals with Down syndrome. As scenes represented greater relative threat, the disparity between attentional brain activation in Down syndrome and control individuals increased. There was a reduction in the temporal autocorrelation of the dorsal attention network, consistent with a shortened attention span in Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome exhibited significantly reduced activation in primary sensory cortices, and such perceptual impairments may constrain their ability to respond to more complex social cues such as violence. CONCLUSIONS: These findings may indicate a relative deficit in emotive perception of violence in Down syndrome, possibly mediated by impaired sensory perception and hypoactivation of medial temporal structures in response to threats, with relative preservation of activity in pro-social brain regions. These findings indicate that specific genetic differences associated with Down syndrome can modulate the brain's response to violence and other complex emotive ideas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9112-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347

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