Titre :	Diagnostic Issues and Complexities in Autism and Related Conditions
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Marc WOODBURY-SMITH, Auteur ; Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Roald A. ØIEN, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.1-21
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Since the first recognition of autism and Asperger?s disorder, there have been important debates about the boundaries of these conditions and the degree to which they ?shade off? into normalcy. These debates have centered on the relevance of a narrow versus broad view of the clinical disorder(s) as well as on the implications of its complex genetic underpinnings and increased knowledge of the social neuroscience of autism and related conditions. With the recognition of the complexity of the genetics of autism there has been much debate regarding the broader autism phenotype and the potential adaptive function of some aspects of the condition. In addition, concerns with boundary issues in relation to cognitive and communicative ability, and the relevance of gender, diverse backgrounds, and cultural issues have all arisen. The current DSM-5 definition was developed using research instruments and has proven overly stringent in important respects. Clarification of these issues will enhance both clinical work and research.
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Diagnostic Issues and Complexities in Autism and Related Conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marc WOODBURY-SMITH, Auteur ; Suzanne L. MACARI, Auteur ; Roald A. ØIEN, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.1-21.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Since the first recognition of autism and Asperger?s disorder, there have been important debates about the boundaries of these conditions and the degree to which they ?shade off? into normalcy. These debates have centered on the relevance of a narrow versus broad view of the clinical disorder(s) as well as on the implications of its complex genetic underpinnings and increased knowledge of the social neuroscience of autism and related conditions. With the recognition of the complexity of the genetics of autism there has been much debate regarding the broader autism phenotype and the potential adaptive function of some aspects of the condition. In addition, concerns with boundary issues in relation to cognitive and communicative ability, and the relevance of gender, diverse backgrounds, and cultural issues have all arisen. The current DSM-5 definition was developed using research instruments and has proven overly stringent in important respects. Clarification of these issues will enhance both clinical work and research.
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Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Communication Disorders
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Rhea PAUL, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.44-67
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter discusses differential diagnosis among autism spectrum disorder (ASD), language disorder, and social pragmatic disorder, a newly recognized condition that affects social communication in the absence of other autistic syndromes, which was recently added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Issues of diagnostic accuracy and validity of the nonautistic forms of communication disorder, and the distinctions among them, are discussed. Primary differentiating characteristics of the three disorders, including presence of joint attention, use of gestures and pretend play, language comprehension and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors are detail. Differences in diagnostic procedures necessary for children over and under the age of 5 years are provided. For children under 5 the potential instability of language status is highlighted, and differential diagnosis at this age level is discussed, with contrasts to differential diagnostic considerations for school-aged children and adolescents drawn. A case study is presented to illustrate the principles of differential diagnosis, and a decision tree for conferring diagnoses among these communication disorders is proposed.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Communication Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rhea PAUL, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.44-67.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter discusses differential diagnosis among autism spectrum disorder (ASD), language disorder, and social pragmatic disorder, a newly recognized condition that affects social communication in the absence of other autistic syndromes, which was recently added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Issues of diagnostic accuracy and validity of the nonautistic forms of communication disorder, and the distinctions among them, are discussed. Primary differentiating characteristics of the three disorders, including presence of joint attention, use of gestures and pretend play, language comprehension and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors are detail. Differences in diagnostic procedures necessary for children over and under the age of 5 years are provided. For children under 5 the potential instability of language status is highlighted, and differential diagnosis at this age level is discussed, with contrasts to differential diagnostic considerations for school-aged children and adolescents drawn. A case study is presented to illustrate the principles of differential diagnosis, and a decision tree for conferring diagnoses among these communication disorders is proposed.
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Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Intellectual Disability
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Bruce L. BAKER, Auteur ; Christine T. MOODY, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.22-43
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Among individuals on the autism spectrum, intellectual disability (ID) is one of the most common co-occurring diagnoses. ID is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in intellectual and adaptive functioning. Such impairments can impact domains implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as social communication. Thus, it is essential for diagnosing practictioners to be well-versed in the symptoms and assessment of both ASD and ID, especially in the context of one another. This chapter provides an overview of ID, outlines guiding considerations for differential diagnosis with ASD, and highlights additional needs in a diagnostic assessment when these diagnoses are being evaluated (e.g., evaluation of mental health and behavioral problems).
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Intellectual Disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bruce L. BAKER, Auteur ; Christine T. MOODY, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.22-43.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Among individuals on the autism spectrum, intellectual disability (ID) is one of the most common co-occurring diagnoses. ID is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in intellectual and adaptive functioning. Such impairments can impact domains implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as social communication. Thus, it is essential for diagnosing practictioners to be well-versed in the symptoms and assessment of both ASD and ID, especially in the context of one another. This chapter provides an overview of ID, outlines guiding considerations for differential diagnosis with ASD, and highlights additional needs in a diagnostic assessment when these diagnoses are being evaluated (e.g., evaluation of mental health and behavioral problems).
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Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.68-85
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Although the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show very little symptom-level overlap between the conditions, similar behavioral challenges are evident in individuals with each of these disorders. Clinical questions often arise about whether presenting concerns should be conceptualized as reflecting a primary diagnosis of ASD or ADHD. The current chapter provides guidelines for the differential diagnosis of these disorders. Using clinical case studies, the chapter describes behaviors that may be understood as part of the core symptom domains of ASD and ADHD. Specific suggestions are provided for disentangling the underlying nosology of common behavioral challenges. The chapter ends with recommendations to support differential diagnosis in clinical practice.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kimberly L. H. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Geraldine DAWSON, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.68-85.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Although the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show very little symptom-level overlap between the conditions, similar behavioral challenges are evident in individuals with each of these disorders. Clinical questions often arise about whether presenting concerns should be conceptualized as reflecting a primary diagnosis of ASD or ADHD. The current chapter provides guidelines for the differential diagnosis of these disorders. Using clinical case studies, the chapter describes behaviors that may be understood as part of the core symptom domains of ASD and ADHD. Specific suggestions are provided for disentangling the underlying nosology of common behavioral challenges. The chapter ends with recommendations to support differential diagnosis in clinical practice.
Permalink :	https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=528

Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Conduct Problems
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Carla MAZEFSKY, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.86-104
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Disruptive behaviors associated with conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), such as aggression, noncompliance, and temper tantrums, are common in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A key consideration is whether such behavioral problems indicate a co-occurring diagnosis of ODD/CD and ASD or reflect an associated phenotype of ASD. The current chapter summarizes key considerations in the differential diagnosis of ASD and ODD/CD, including social and communication impairments, deficits in empathy, and the function of a child?s disruptive behavior. We conclude with a case example to illustrate the factors complicating the differential diagnosis of ASD and ODD/CD and provide validated assessments to guide this process.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Conduct Problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carla MAZEFSKY, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.86-104.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Disruptive behaviors associated with conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), such as aggression, noncompliance, and temper tantrums, are common in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A key consideration is whether such behavioral problems indicate a co-occurring diagnosis of ODD/CD and ASD or reflect an associated phenotype of ASD. The current chapter summarizes key considerations in the differential diagnosis of ASD and ODD/CD, including social and communication impairments, deficits in empathy, and the function of a child?s disruptive behavior. We conclude with a case example to illustrate the factors complicating the differential diagnosis of ASD and ODD/CD and provide validated assessments to guide this process.
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Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Anxiety Disorders
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Alexis BREWE, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Susan WHITE, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.105-134
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Anxiety is one of the most common co-occurring diagnoses in people with autism, but an overlap in traits between autism and anxiety can complicate diagnosis of both conditions. This chapter reviews commonalities and distinctions that are useful for disambiguating anxiety from autism, including transdiagnostic factors related to emotion regulation, intolerance of uncertainty, sensory processing, and physiological arousal. Clinicians are encouraged to consider the degree of impairment owed specifically to the anxiety, duration, and developmental course of the anxiety-related concerns, and change from baseline functioning and behavior that may be due to anxiety, in determining if a co-occurring diagnosis of an anxiety disorder is warranted. Appropriate attention to the overlap of autism and anxiety traits is essential for effective, ongoing treatment planning.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Anxiety Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alexis BREWE, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur ; Susan WHITE, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.105-134.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Anxiety is one of the most common co-occurring diagnoses in people with autism, but an overlap in traits between autism and anxiety can complicate diagnosis of both conditions. This chapter reviews commonalities and distinctions that are useful for disambiguating anxiety from autism, including transdiagnostic factors related to emotion regulation, intolerance of uncertainty, sensory processing, and physiological arousal. Clinicians are encouraged to consider the degree of impairment owed specifically to the anxiety, duration, and developmental course of the anxiety-related concerns, and change from baseline functioning and behavior that may be due to anxiety, in determining if a co-occurring diagnosis of an anxiety disorder is warranted. Appropriate attention to the overlap of autism and anxiety traits is essential for effective, ongoing treatment planning.
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Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Major Depressive Disorder
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Yasamin BOLOURIAN, Auteur ; Katherine GOTHAM, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.135-157
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter discusses differential diagnosis between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Though individuals with ASD and/or MDD may present with clinical similarities (e.g. social-communicative challenges and rigid patterns of thinking and behavior), differences are also present. Developmental considerations in the diagnosis and co-occurrence of MDD and ASD are discussed, and particular attention is paid to symptoms manifesting in early life (e.g. birth to 4-years-old). Specific clinical similarities and differences and recommendations for providers are given. A case study is presented to illustrate diagnostic considerations and decision-making. A decision tree is provided to outline diagnostic considerations based on presenting symptoms.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Major Depressive Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yasamin BOLOURIAN, Auteur ; Katherine GOTHAM, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.135-157.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter discusses differential diagnosis between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Though individuals with ASD and/or MDD may present with clinical similarities (e.g. social-communicative challenges and rigid patterns of thinking and behavior), differences are also present. Developmental considerations in the diagnosis and co-occurrence of MDD and ASD are discussed, and particular attention is paid to symptoms manifesting in early life (e.g. birth to 4-years-old). Specific clinical similarities and differences and recommendations for providers are given. A case study is presented to illustrate diagnostic considerations and decision-making. A decision tree is provided to outline diagnostic considerations based on presenting symptoms.
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Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Tourette?s Disorder
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Stacey C. GREBE, Auteur ; Rebecca J. CLAYTON, Auteur ; Sophie C. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Andres G. VIANA, Auteur ; Sarah S. MIRE, Auteur ; Yasmine OMAR, Auteur ; Wayne K. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Eric A. STORCH, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.158-175
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter discusses considerations, methods, and procedures to assist clinicians in making differential diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) versus obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or Tourette?s disorder (TD). After reviewing the respective clinical presentations and comorbidities of OCD, TD, and ASD, the chapter discusses the symptom overlap of these diagnoses. The shared features among OCD, TD, and the restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities seen in ASD can make differential or dual diagnosis challenging. Two clinical case studies, assessment recommendations, and a clinical decision-making tree are included to assist readers in making accurate differential diagnoses.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Tourette?s Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stacey C. GREBE, Auteur ; Rebecca J. CLAYTON, Auteur ; Sophie C. SCHNEIDER, Auteur ; Andres G. VIANA, Auteur ; Sarah S. MIRE, Auteur ; Yasmine OMAR, Auteur ; Wayne K. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Eric A. STORCH, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.158-175.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter discusses considerations, methods, and procedures to assist clinicians in making differential diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) versus obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or Tourette?s disorder (TD). After reviewing the respective clinical presentations and comorbidities of OCD, TD, and ASD, the chapter discusses the symptom overlap of these diagnoses. The shared features among OCD, TD, and the restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities seen in ASD can make differential or dual diagnosis challenging. Two clinical case studies, assessment recommendations, and a clinical decision-making tree are included to assist readers in making accurate differential diagnoses.
Permalink :	https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=528

Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Brigid GARVIN, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.176-194
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter provides key information about trauma in childhood and explores how to assess and differentiate symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in children who have experienced trauma. Specifically, the chapter first reviews the literature regarding trauma in young and school-age children, including the challenges of differential diagnosis of trauma response and autism spectrum disorder. To clarify areas of symptom overlap with autism spectrum disorder, the differences between autism spectrum disorder and trauma response in early childhood and school-age children are then provided. Next, this chapter offers a framework for a systematic approach to navigating a differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and trauma-related disorders. Finally, two case vignettes are provided to illustrate the process of differential diagnosis.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Posttraumatic Stress Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brigid GARVIN, Auteur ; Connor M. KERNS, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.176-194.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	This chapter provides key information about trauma in childhood and explores how to assess and differentiate symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in children who have experienced trauma. Specifically, the chapter first reviews the literature regarding trauma in young and school-age children, including the challenges of differential diagnosis of trauma response and autism spectrum disorder. To clarify areas of symptom overlap with autism spectrum disorder, the differences between autism spectrum disorder and trauma response in early childhood and school-age children are then provided. Next, this chapter offers a framework for a systematic approach to navigating a differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and trauma-related disorders. Finally, two case vignettes are provided to illustrate the process of differential diagnosis.
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Titre :	Autism Spectrum Disorders Versus Genetic Syndromes
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Shafali JESTE, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.195-215
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Approximately 25% of neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, are caused by rare genetic variants and mutations. In fact, genetic testing is the gold standard medical workup for all individuals with an autism spectrum disorder. With the advances in genetic testing, new genes are being discovered daily. This chapter discusses the basis of genetic abnormalities in neurodevelopmental disorders, reviews clinical features of specific neurogenetic conditions, and outlines the current recommendations for genetic testing of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. The importance of identifying a neurodevelopmental condition, regardless of the underlying genetic etiology, is emphasized, with the goal of leveraging the support of patient advocacy groups, understanding clinical prognosis, and accessing appropriate, often targeted interventions. The chapter concludes with discussion about the promise of precision health for these genetic syndromes and the need for rigorous studies to improve clinical trial readiness.
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Autism Spectrum Disorders Versus Genetic Syndromes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shafali JESTE, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.195-215.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	Approximately 25% of neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, are caused by rare genetic variants and mutations. In fact, genetic testing is the gold standard medical workup for all individuals with an autism spectrum disorder. With the advances in genetic testing, new genes are being discovered daily. This chapter discusses the basis of genetic abnormalities in neurodevelopmental disorders, reviews clinical features of specific neurogenetic conditions, and outlines the current recommendations for genetic testing of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. The importance of identifying a neurodevelopmental condition, regardless of the underlying genetic etiology, is emphasized, with the goal of leveraging the support of patient advocacy groups, understanding clinical prognosis, and accessing appropriate, often targeted interventions. The chapter concludes with discussion about the promise of precision health for these genetic syndromes and the need for rigorous studies to improve clinical trial readiness.
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Titre :	Clinical Decision-Making in Evidence-Based Assessment: Disentangling Co-Occurring and Differential Diagnoses in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Type de document :	Texte imprimé et/ou numérique
Auteurs :	Catherine LORD, Auteur
Année de publication :	2022
Importance :	p.216-229
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	An evaluation for possible autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex process, which necessitates surveying multiple informants and utilizing validated assessment tools. In this chapter, we recommend an iterative, multistep assessment process, which is informed by the needs, context, and concerns of the client and their family. In addition to assessing the core features of ASD, we highlight the importance of addressing potential externalizing and internalizing problems, cognitive functioning, age, and risk/protective factors to determine if co-occurring psychopathology is present. This is especially pertinent because co-occurring psychopathology can be equally limiting as ASD but is often more amenable to treatment than the core features of ASD themselves. Taken together, disentangling co-occurring diagnosis from a differential diagnosis is challenging but enhanced when using evidence-based assessment tools to create a clinical conceptualization.
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Clinical Decision-Making in Evidence-Based Assessment: Disentangling Co-Occurring and Differential Diagnoses in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine LORD, Auteur . - 2022 . - p.216-229.
Langues : Anglais (eng)

Index. décimale :	AUT-D AUT-D - L'Autisme - Dépistage et Diagnostic
Résumé :	An evaluation for possible autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex process, which necessitates surveying multiple informants and utilizing validated assessment tools. In this chapter, we recommend an iterative, multistep assessment process, which is informed by the needs, context, and concerns of the client and their family. In addition to assessing the core features of ASD, we highlight the importance of addressing potential externalizing and internalizing problems, cognitive functioning, age, and risk/protective factors to determine if co-occurring psychopathology is present. This is especially pertinent because co-occurring psychopathology can be equally limiting as ASD but is often more amenable to treatment than the core features of ASD themselves. Taken together, disentangling co-occurring diagnosis from a differential diagnosis is challenging but enhanced when using evidence-based assessment tools to create a clinical conceptualization.
Permalink :	https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=528