Beyond pass-fail: Examining the potential utility of two thresholds in the autism screening process / M. Y. ROBERTS in Autism Research, 12-1 (January 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-1 (January 2019) . - p.112-122 Titre : Beyond pass-fail: Examining the potential utility of two thresholds in the autism screening process Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. Y. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Y. STERN, Auteur ; L. H. HAMPTON, Auteur ; J. M. GRAUZER, Auteur ; A. MILLER, Auteur ; A. LEVIN, Auteur ; B. KORNFELD, Auteur ; M. M. DAVIS, Auteur ; A. KAAT, Auteur ; R. ESTABROOK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.112-122 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Children  autism  early detection  early signs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Access to early intervention as early in development as possible is critical to maximizing long-term outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, despite the fact that ASD can be reliably diagnosed by 24 months, the average age of diagnosis is 2 years later. Waitlists for specialized developmental evaluations are one barrier to early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to examine one potential approach to reducing wait time for an ASD diagnostic evaluation by examining the utility of using more than one threshold for an autism screening tool, the Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT). Participants included 171 children between 24 and 36 months of age who received a medical diagnostic evaluation through Illinois' Early Intervention Program. This study directly compared the performance of the STAT when scored: (a) using the original single threshold, (b) using seven equally weighted items using a single threshold, and (c) using all items differentially weighted based on how strongly that item predicts a later ASD diagnosis. In addition, this study explored the potential utility of using two thresholds rather than a single threshold for each scoring method. Results of this study suggest that using a two-threshold logistic regression method has potential psychometric advantages over a single threshold and categorical scoring. Using this approach may reduce the wait time for specialty ASD diagnostic evaluations by maximizing true negatives and true positives, such that specialty evaluations may be reserved for those cases that are more ambiguous or more complex. Autism Research 2019, 12: 112-122. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined the benefits of using two versus one cutoff score when screening for autism. Results indicate that having two scores and weighting test items based on predictive association with an autism diagnosis is better than using a single score and weighting each item equally. Using such an approach may reduce the wait time for specialty autism diagnostic evaluations, such that specialty evaluations may be reserved for those cases that are more ambiguous or more complex. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2045 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=376 [article] Beyond pass-fail: Examining the potential utility of two thresholds in the autism screening process [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. Y. ROBERTS, Auteur ; Y. STERN, Auteur ; L. H. HAMPTON, Auteur ; J. M. GRAUZER, Auteur ; A. MILLER, Auteur ; A. LEVIN, Auteur ; B. KORNFELD, Auteur ; M. M. DAVIS, Auteur ; A. KAAT, Auteur ; R. ESTABROOK, Auteur . - p.112-122. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-1 (January 2019) . - p.112-122 Mots-clés : Children  autism  early detection  early signs Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Access to early intervention as early in development as possible is critical to maximizing long-term outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, despite the fact that ASD can be reliably diagnosed by 24 months, the average age of diagnosis is 2 years later. Waitlists for specialized developmental evaluations are one barrier to early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to examine one potential approach to reducing wait time for an ASD diagnostic evaluation by examining the utility of using more than one threshold for an autism screening tool, the Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT). Participants included 171 children between 24 and 36 months of age who received a medical diagnostic evaluation through Illinois' Early Intervention Program. This study directly compared the performance of the STAT when scored: (a) using the original single threshold, (b) using seven equally weighted items using a single threshold, and (c) using all items differentially weighted based on how strongly that item predicts a later ASD diagnosis. In addition, this study explored the potential utility of using two thresholds rather than a single threshold for each scoring method. Results of this study suggest that using a two-threshold logistic regression method has potential psychometric advantages over a single threshold and categorical scoring. Using this approach may reduce the wait time for specialty ASD diagnostic evaluations by maximizing true negatives and true positives, such that specialty evaluations may be reserved for those cases that are more ambiguous or more complex. Autism Research 2019, 12: 112-122. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examined the benefits of using two versus one cutoff score when screening for autism. Results indicate that having two scores and weighting test items based on predictive association with an autism diagnosis is better than using a single score and weighting each item equally. Using such an approach may reduce the wait time for specialty autism diagnostic evaluations, such that specialty evaluations may be reserved for those cases that are more ambiguous or more complex. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2045 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=376

Differentiating typical from atypical perpetration of sibling-directed aggression during the preschool years / M. A. DIRKS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-3 (March 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-3 (March 2019) . - p.267-276 Titre : Differentiating typical from atypical perpetration of sibling-directed aggression during the preschool years Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. A. DIRKS, Auteur ; H. E. RECCHIA, Auteur ; R. ESTABROOK, Auteur ; N. HOWE, Auteur ; A. PETITCLERC, Auteur ; James L. BURNS, Auteur ; Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur ; Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.267-276 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Siblings  aggression  preschool Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sibling aggression is common and often viewed as benign. Although sibling aggression can be harmful for the victims, it may also be a marker of clinical risk for the aggressor. We differentiated typical from atypical levels of perpetration of sibling-directed aggression among preschoolers, a developmental period in which aggression is a normative misbehavior, by (a) identifying how frequently aggressive behaviors targeted at a sibling must occur to be psychometrically atypical; (b) mapping the dimensional spectrum of sibling-directed aggression from typical, more commonly occurring behaviors to rarer, more atypical, actions; and (c) comparing the psychometric atypicality and typical-to-atypical spectrum of sibling-directed aggression and peer-directed aggression. METHODS: Parents (N = 1,524) of 3- (39.2%), 4-(36.7%), and 5-(24.1%) year-olds (51.9% girls, 41.1% African-American, 31.9% Hispanic; 44.0% below the federal poverty line) completed the MAP-DB, which assesses how often children engage in aggressive behaviors. We used item-response theory (IRT) to address our objectives. RESULTS: Most aggressive behaviors toward siblings were psychometrically atypical when they occurred 'most days' or more; in contrast, most behaviors targeted at peers were atypical when they occurred 'some days' or more. With siblings, relational aggression was more atypical than verbal aggression, whereas with peers, both relational and physical aggression were more atypical than verbal aggression. In both relationships, the most typical behavior was a verbally aggressive action. Results were broadly replicated in a second, independent sample. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are a first step toward specifying features of sibling aggression that are markers of clinical risk and belie the notion that sibling aggression is inherently normative. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12939 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=385 [article] Differentiating typical from atypical perpetration of sibling-directed aggression during the preschool years [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. A. DIRKS, Auteur ; H. E. RECCHIA, Auteur ; R. ESTABROOK, Auteur ; N. HOWE, Auteur ; A. PETITCLERC, Auteur ; James L. BURNS, Auteur ; Margaret J. BRIGGS-GOWAN, Auteur ; Lauren S. WAKSCHLAG, Auteur . - p.267-276. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-3 (March 2019) . - p.267-276 Mots-clés : Siblings  aggression  preschool Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sibling aggression is common and often viewed as benign. Although sibling aggression can be harmful for the victims, it may also be a marker of clinical risk for the aggressor. We differentiated typical from atypical levels of perpetration of sibling-directed aggression among preschoolers, a developmental period in which aggression is a normative misbehavior, by (a) identifying how frequently aggressive behaviors targeted at a sibling must occur to be psychometrically atypical; (b) mapping the dimensional spectrum of sibling-directed aggression from typical, more commonly occurring behaviors to rarer, more atypical, actions; and (c) comparing the psychometric atypicality and typical-to-atypical spectrum of sibling-directed aggression and peer-directed aggression. METHODS: Parents (N = 1,524) of 3- (39.2%), 4-(36.7%), and 5-(24.1%) year-olds (51.9% girls, 41.1% African-American, 31.9% Hispanic; 44.0% below the federal poverty line) completed the MAP-DB, which assesses how often children engage in aggressive behaviors. We used item-response theory (IRT) to address our objectives. RESULTS: Most aggressive behaviors toward siblings were psychometrically atypical when they occurred 'most days' or more; in contrast, most behaviors targeted at peers were atypical when they occurred 'some days' or more. With siblings, relational aggression was more atypical than verbal aggression, whereas with peers, both relational and physical aggression were more atypical than verbal aggression. In both relationships, the most typical behavior was a verbally aggressive action. Results were broadly replicated in a second, independent sample. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are a first step toward specifying features of sibling aggression that are markers of clinical risk and belie the notion that sibling aggression is inherently normative. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12939 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=385

---

1 (1 - 2 / 2)