Classification of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder by Sensory Subtype: A Case for Sensory-Based Phenotypes / Alison E. LANE in Autism Research, 7-3 (June 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 7-3 (June 2014) . - p.322-333 Titre : Classification of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder by Sensory Subtype: A Case for Sensory-Based Phenotypes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alison E. LANE, Auteur ; Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.322-333 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : sensory  autism  phenotypes  subtypes  children  classification  model-based cluster analysis  Short Sensory Profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines whether sensory differences can be used to classify meaningful subgroups of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Caregivers of children with ASD aged 2–10 years (n?=?228) completed the Short Sensory Profile. Model-based cluster analysis was used to extract sensory subtypes. The relationship of these subtypes to age, gender, autism symptom severity, and nonverbal intelligence quotient (IQ) was further explored. Four distinct sensory subtypes were identified: (a) sensory adaptive; (b) taste smell sensitive; (c) postural inattentive; and (d) generalized sensory difference. The sensory subtypes differ from each other on two dimensions: (a) the severity of reported sensory differences; and (b) the focus of differences across auditory, taste, smell, vestibular and proprioceptive domains. Examination of the clinical features of each subtype reveals two possible mechanisms of sensory disturbance in autism: (a) sensory hyperreactivity; and (b) difficulties with multisensory processing. Further, the sensory subtypes are not well explained by other variables such as age, gender, IQ, and autism symptom severity. We conclude that classification of children using sensory differences offers a promising method by which to identify phenotypes in ASD. Sensory-based phenotypes may be useful in identifying behavioral features responsive to specific interventions thereby improving intervention effectiveness. Further validation of the sensory-based phenotypes by establishing neural and physiological correlates is recommended. Autism Res 2014, 7: 322–333. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1368 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235 [article] Classification of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder by Sensory Subtype: A Case for Sensory-Based Phenotypes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alison E. LANE, Auteur ; Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Somer L. BISHOP, Auteur . - p.322-333. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 7-3 (June 2014) . - p.322-333 Mots-clés : sensory  autism  phenotypes  subtypes  children  classification  model-based cluster analysis  Short Sensory Profile Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examines whether sensory differences can be used to classify meaningful subgroups of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Caregivers of children with ASD aged 2–10 years (n?=?228) completed the Short Sensory Profile. Model-based cluster analysis was used to extract sensory subtypes. The relationship of these subtypes to age, gender, autism symptom severity, and nonverbal intelligence quotient (IQ) was further explored. Four distinct sensory subtypes were identified: (a) sensory adaptive; (b) taste smell sensitive; (c) postural inattentive; and (d) generalized sensory difference. The sensory subtypes differ from each other on two dimensions: (a) the severity of reported sensory differences; and (b) the focus of differences across auditory, taste, smell, vestibular and proprioceptive domains. Examination of the clinical features of each subtype reveals two possible mechanisms of sensory disturbance in autism: (a) sensory hyperreactivity; and (b) difficulties with multisensory processing. Further, the sensory subtypes are not well explained by other variables such as age, gender, IQ, and autism symptom severity. We conclude that classification of children using sensory differences offers a promising method by which to identify phenotypes in ASD. Sensory-based phenotypes may be useful in identifying behavioral features responsive to specific interventions thereby improving intervention effectiveness. Further validation of the sensory-based phenotypes by establishing neural and physiological correlates is recommended. Autism Res 2014, 7: 322–333. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1368 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=235

Prevalence of Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children with Autism and Autistic Spectrum Disorders / Cynthia A. MOLLOY in Autism, 7-2 (June 2003)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 7-2 (June 2003) . - p.165-171 Titre : Prevalence of Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children with Autism and Autistic Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Patricia MANNING-COURTNEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.165-171 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms in a general population of children with autism or autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). The study site was a clinic specializing in ASD in a large pediatric medical center serving a 10 county area in the midwestern USA. In a sample of 137 children, age 24-96 months, classified as having autism or ASD by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic, 24 percent had a history of at least one chronic gastrointestinal symptom. The most common symptom was diarrhea, which occurred in 17 percent. There was no association between chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of developmental regression. The potential phenotypic association between autism and gastrointestinal symptoms is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361303007002004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210 [article] Prevalence of Chronic Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children with Autism and Autistic Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Patricia MANNING-COURTNEY, Auteur . - p.165-171. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 7-2 (June 2003) . - p.165-171 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms in a general population of children with autism or autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). The study site was a clinic specializing in ASD in a large pediatric medical center serving a 10 county area in the midwestern USA. In a sample of 137 children, age 24-96 months, classified as having autism or ASD by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic, 24 percent had a history of at least one chronic gastrointestinal symptom. The most common symptom was diarrhea, which occurred in 17 percent. There was no association between chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and a history of developmental regression. The potential phenotypic association between autism and gastrointestinal symptoms is discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361303007002004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=210

Reduced Bone Cortical Thickness in Boys with Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder / Mary L. HEDIGER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38-5 (May 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.848-856 Titre : Reduced Bone Cortical Thickness in Boys with Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mary L. HEDIGER, Auteur ; Patricia MANNING-COURTNEY, Auteur ; Lucinda J. ENGLAND, Auteur ; Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Kai F. YU, Auteur ; James L. MILLS, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.848-856 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Autism-spectrum-disorder Boys Bone-growth Calcium-intake Dietary-intake Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Bone development, casein-free diet use, supplements, and medications were assessed for 75 boys with autism or autism spectrum disorder, ages 4–8 years. Second metacarpal bone cortical thickness (BCT), measured on hand-wrist radiographs, and % deviations in BCT from reference medians were derived. BCT increased with age, but % deviations evidenced a progressive fall-off (p = .02): +3.1 ± 4.7%, −6.5 ± 4.0%, −16.6 ± 3.4%, −19.4 ± 3.7%, −24.1 ± 4.4%, at ages 4–8, respectively, adjusting for height. The 12% of the boys on casein-free diets had an overall % deviation of −18.9 ± 3.7%, nearly twice that of boys on minimally restricted or unrestricted diets (−10.5 ± 1.3%, p < .04), although even for boys on minimally restricted or unrestricted diets the % deviation was highly significant (p < .001). Our data suggest that the bone development of autistic boys should be monitored as part of routine care, especially if they are on casein-free diets. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0453-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=416 [article] Reduced Bone Cortical Thickness in Boys with Autism or Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mary L. HEDIGER, Auteur ; Patricia MANNING-COURTNEY, Auteur ; Lucinda J. ENGLAND, Auteur ; Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Kai F. YU, Auteur ; James L. MILLS, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.848-856. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 38-5 (May 2008) . - p.848-856 Mots-clés : Autism Autism-spectrum-disorder Boys Bone-growth Calcium-intake Dietary-intake Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Bone development, casein-free diet use, supplements, and medications were assessed for 75 boys with autism or autism spectrum disorder, ages 4–8 years. Second metacarpal bone cortical thickness (BCT), measured on hand-wrist radiographs, and % deviations in BCT from reference medians were derived. BCT increased with age, but % deviations evidenced a progressive fall-off (p = .02): +3.1 ± 4.7%, −6.5 ± 4.0%, −16.6 ± 3.4%, −19.4 ± 3.7%, −24.1 ± 4.4%, at ages 4–8, respectively, adjusting for height. The 12% of the boys on casein-free diets had an overall % deviation of −18.9 ± 3.7%, nearly twice that of boys on minimally restricted or unrestricted diets (−10.5 ± 1.3%, p < .04), although even for boys on minimally restricted or unrestricted diets the % deviation was highly significant (p < .001). Our data suggest that the bone development of autistic boys should be monitored as part of routine care, especially if they are on casein-free diets. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0453-6 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=416

Use of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in a clinical setting / Cynthia A. MOLLOY in Autism, 15-2 (March 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 15-2 (March 2011) . - p.143-162 Titre : Use of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in a clinical setting Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Donna S. MURRAY, Auteur ; Rachel AKERS, Auteur ; Terry MITCHELL, Auteur ; Patricia MANNING-COURTNEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.143-162 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of this study was to examine the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) as it is commonly used in clinical practice. ADOS classifications were compared to final diagnoses given by a multidisciplinary team to 584 children referred for evaluation for possible autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. A total of 177 children were evaluated with a Module 1 (87 No Words), 198 with a Module 2 (90 < 5 years) and 209 with a Module 3. Of these, 142 (26%) were diagnosed with autism, 185 (32%) with non-autism ASD, and 257 (44%) with non-spectrum disorders. Sensitivities were moderate to high on both original and revised algorithms, while specificities were substantially lower than those previously reported. This difference is likely attributable to the composition of the sample that included many children with a broad array of developmental and behavioral disorders. The clinical impression of the team member who administered the ADOS was critical to the accuracy of the overall diagnosis. Using numeric scores alone resulted in misclassification from false positive results. The study highlights the importance of the qualitative interactions of the ADOS activities as well as the score in diagnostic decision making. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361310379241 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121 [article] Use of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in a clinical setting [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cynthia A. MOLLOY, Auteur ; Donna S. MURRAY, Auteur ; Rachel AKERS, Auteur ; Terry MITCHELL, Auteur ; Patricia MANNING-COURTNEY, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.143-162. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 15-2 (March 2011) . - p.143-162 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of this study was to examine the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) as it is commonly used in clinical practice. ADOS classifications were compared to final diagnoses given by a multidisciplinary team to 584 children referred for evaluation for possible autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. A total of 177 children were evaluated with a Module 1 (87 No Words), 198 with a Module 2 (90 < 5 years) and 209 with a Module 3. Of these, 142 (26%) were diagnosed with autism, 185 (32%) with non-autism ASD, and 257 (44%) with non-spectrum disorders. Sensitivities were moderate to high on both original and revised algorithms, while specificities were substantially lower than those previously reported. This difference is likely attributable to the composition of the sample that included many children with a broad array of developmental and behavioral disorders. The clinical impression of the team member who administered the ADOS was critical to the accuracy of the overall diagnosis. Using numeric scores alone resulted in misclassification from false positive results. The study highlights the importance of the qualitative interactions of the ADOS activities as well as the score in diagnostic decision making. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361310379241 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=121

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