Homozygosity for the 10-repeat dopamine transporter (DAT1) allele is associated with reduced EEG response in males with ASD / Calvin P. SJAARDA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 60 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.25-35 Titre : Homozygosity for the 10-repeat dopamine transporter (DAT1) allele is associated with reduced EEG response in males with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Calvin P. SJAARDA, Auteur ; Mark A. SABBAGH, Auteur ; Shalandra WOOD, Auteur ; Jessica WARD-KING, Auteur ; Amy J. M. MCNAUGHTON, Auteur ; Melissa L. HUDSON, Auteur ; Mingda TAO, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Xudong LIU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.25-35 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  Autism  Electroencephalogram  DAT1  Dopamine  Face processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reduced interest in human faces and atypical event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in response to face stimuli, suggesting that face processing may be a functional marker of ASD susceptibility. Method This report explored the visual processing of individuals with ASD (n?=?50) compared with their first-degree relatives (n?=?117) using electroencephalogram (EEG), and associated EEG response with specific polymorphisms in the COMT, OXTR, SLC6A4 and DAT1 genes. Results Polymorphisms in the COMT and OXTR genes were not associated with any specific EEG response; on the other hand, the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism located upstream of SLC6A4 was associated with increased latency of the P1 component of the EEG response, and DAT1 genotype correlated with reduced amplitude of the N170 component in male participants with ASD. Conclusion These results suggest an interaction between DAT1 genotype and male participants with ASD characterized by reduced cognitive performance when processing faces as measured by EEG. Identifying ASD functional markers and grouping individuals with shared genetic biomarkers or endophenotypes may facilitate greater understanding of the heterogeneity underlying ASD leading to improved diagnosis and treatment of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387 [article] Homozygosity for the 10-repeat dopamine transporter (DAT1) allele is associated with reduced EEG response in males with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Calvin P. SJAARDA, Auteur ; Mark A. SABBAGH, Auteur ; Shalandra WOOD, Auteur ; Jessica WARD-KING, Auteur ; Amy J. M. MCNAUGHTON, Auteur ; Melissa L. HUDSON, Auteur ; Mingda TAO, Auteur ; Muhammad AYUB, Auteur ; Xudong LIU, Auteur . - p.25-35. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 60 (April 2019) . - p.25-35 Mots-clés : ASD  Autism  Electroencephalogram  DAT1  Dopamine  Face processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have reduced interest in human faces and atypical event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in response to face stimuli, suggesting that face processing may be a functional marker of ASD susceptibility. Method This report explored the visual processing of individuals with ASD (n?=?50) compared with their first-degree relatives (n?=?117) using electroencephalogram (EEG), and associated EEG response with specific polymorphisms in the COMT, OXTR, SLC6A4 and DAT1 genes. Results Polymorphisms in the COMT and OXTR genes were not associated with any specific EEG response; on the other hand, the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism located upstream of SLC6A4 was associated with increased latency of the P1 component of the EEG response, and DAT1 genotype correlated with reduced amplitude of the N170 component in male participants with ASD. Conclusion These results suggest an interaction between DAT1 genotype and male participants with ASD characterized by reduced cognitive performance when processing faces as measured by EEG. Identifying ASD functional markers and grouping individuals with shared genetic biomarkers or endophenotypes may facilitate greater understanding of the heterogeneity underlying ASD leading to improved diagnosis and treatment of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.12.003 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=387

Shifting visual attention to social and non-social stimuli in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Shuliang MO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 65 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 65 (September 2019) . - p.56-64 Titre : Shifting visual attention to social and non-social stimuli in Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shuliang MO, Auteur ; Liang LIANG, Auteur ; Nicole BARDIKOFF, Auteur ; Mark A. SABBAGH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.56-64 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Visual attentional shift and disengagement  Circumscribed interests  Social orienting  Eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Some studies find that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) experience difficulties in disengaging their attention from one stimulus and shifting to another, but findings are mixed. It is possible that instead of being a domain-general characteristic of ASD, the attentional differences may be affected by participants’ inherent interest in the conceptual content of the stimuli they are shifting from and towards. Method Children with ASD (n?=?22) and age-matched typically developing (TD) children (n?=?22) Children participated in a gap-overlap visual attention paradigm and saccadic reaction time was measured. The central fixation stimulus was a conceptually neutral picture (i.e., a landscape photo) and there were three kinds of peripheral stimuli: social (faces), common objects, and objects that reflect stereotypical circumscribed interests of individuals with ASD (e.g., trains). On overlap trials, the peripheral stimulus appeared while the central fixation remained on the screen, thus fixating the peripheral stimulus required disengaging from the central stimulus and shifting. On gap trials, there was no overlap which minimized the requirement of disengaging prior to shifting. Results Data from the overlap trials showed that ASD children had more difficulty than TD children in disengaging from the neutral fixation to focus on any peripherally presented stimulus. However, they were quicker to fixate non-social peripheral stimuli that were related to their circumscribed interests compared with either faces or common objects. In contrast, TD children were quicker to fixate faces relative to the other stimuli. Conclusions These findings suggest that ASD is characterized by general difficulties in attentional control that affect disengaging, though the strength of these effects depends on children’s inherent interest in the peripheral stimulus. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.05.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401 [article] Shifting visual attention to social and non-social stimuli in Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shuliang MO, Auteur ; Liang LIANG, Auteur ; Nicole BARDIKOFF, Auteur ; Mark A. SABBAGH, Auteur . - p.56-64. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 65 (September 2019) . - p.56-64 Mots-clés : Autism  Visual attentional shift and disengagement  Circumscribed interests  Social orienting  Eye-tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Some studies find that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) experience difficulties in disengaging their attention from one stimulus and shifting to another, but findings are mixed. It is possible that instead of being a domain-general characteristic of ASD, the attentional differences may be affected by participants’ inherent interest in the conceptual content of the stimuli they are shifting from and towards. Method Children with ASD (n?=?22) and age-matched typically developing (TD) children (n?=?22) Children participated in a gap-overlap visual attention paradigm and saccadic reaction time was measured. The central fixation stimulus was a conceptually neutral picture (i.e., a landscape photo) and there were three kinds of peripheral stimuli: social (faces), common objects, and objects that reflect stereotypical circumscribed interests of individuals with ASD (e.g., trains). On overlap trials, the peripheral stimulus appeared while the central fixation remained on the screen, thus fixating the peripheral stimulus required disengaging from the central stimulus and shifting. On gap trials, there was no overlap which minimized the requirement of disengaging prior to shifting. Results Data from the overlap trials showed that ASD children had more difficulty than TD children in disengaging from the neutral fixation to focus on any peripherally presented stimulus. However, they were quicker to fixate non-social peripheral stimuli that were related to their circumscribed interests compared with either faces or common objects. In contrast, TD children were quicker to fixate faces relative to the other stimuli. Conclusions These findings suggest that ASD is characterized by general difficulties in attentional control that affect disengaging, though the strength of these effects depends on children’s inherent interest in the peripheral stimulus. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2019.05.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401

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