Cognitive processes predicting advanced theory of mind in the broader autism phenotype / Cherie C. GREEN in Autism Research, 13-6 (June 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-6 (June 2020) . - p.921-934 Titre : Cognitive processes predicting advanced theory of mind in the broader autism phenotype Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Cherie C. GREEN, Auteur ; Natasha J. BROWN, Auteur ; Valerie M. Z. YAP, Auteur ; Ingrid E. SCHEFFER, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.921-934 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  developmental psychology  executive function  faux pas  social skills  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about executive functions (EFs) associated with advanced theory of mind (ToM) abilities. We aimed to determine if advanced ToM abilities were reduced in individuals with subclinical traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), known as the "Broader Autism Phenotype" (BAP), and identify the EFs that predicted unimpaired performance on an advanced ToM task, the faux pas test. We assessed 29 participants (13 males) with the BAP who were relatives of children with ASD. Thirteen participants showed reduced ability to understand a faux pas. A discriminant function analysis correctly classified 79% of cases as impaired or unimpaired, with high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (77%), which was best predicted by language-mediated EFs, including verbal generativity, working memory, cognitive inhibition, and flexibility. Autism Res 2020, 13: 921-934. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Little is known about the complex cognitive processes that enable accurate interpretation of another person's thoughts and emotions, known as "theory of mind." In relatives of individuals with autism, who had mild traits of autism themselves, approximately half had difficulty interpreting situations involving a social faux pas. Cognitive inhibition and flexibility, working memory, and verbal generativity were related to, and appeared to be protective for, unimpaired understanding of a faux pas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2209 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427 [article] Cognitive processes predicting advanced theory of mind in the broader autism phenotype [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Cherie C. GREEN, Auteur ; Natasha J. BROWN, Auteur ; Valerie M. Z. YAP, Auteur ; Ingrid E. SCHEFFER, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur . - p.921-934. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-6 (June 2020) . - p.921-934 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  developmental psychology  executive function  faux pas  social skills  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about executive functions (EFs) associated with advanced theory of mind (ToM) abilities. We aimed to determine if advanced ToM abilities were reduced in individuals with subclinical traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), known as the "Broader Autism Phenotype" (BAP), and identify the EFs that predicted unimpaired performance on an advanced ToM task, the faux pas test. We assessed 29 participants (13 males) with the BAP who were relatives of children with ASD. Thirteen participants showed reduced ability to understand a faux pas. A discriminant function analysis correctly classified 79% of cases as impaired or unimpaired, with high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (77%), which was best predicted by language-mediated EFs, including verbal generativity, working memory, cognitive inhibition, and flexibility. Autism Res 2020, 13: 921-934. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Little is known about the complex cognitive processes that enable accurate interpretation of another person's thoughts and emotions, known as "theory of mind." In relatives of individuals with autism, who had mild traits of autism themselves, approximately half had difficulty interpreting situations involving a social faux pas. Cognitive inhibition and flexibility, working memory, and verbal generativity were related to, and appeared to be protective for, unimpaired understanding of a faux pas. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2209 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=427

Enhanced Sensitivity to Angry Voices in People with Features of the Broader Autism Phenotype / Valerie M. Z. YAP in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-11 (November 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-11 (November 2018) . - p.3899-3911 Titre : Enhanced Sensitivity to Angry Voices in People with Features of the Broader Autism Phenotype Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Valerie M. Z. YAP, Auteur ; Neil M. MCLACHLAN, Auteur ; Ingrid E. SCHEFFER, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3899-3911 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined whether the ability to recognize vocal emotional expressions is negatively related to features of the Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) in the general population. We assessed 61 typically developing adults on a BAP self-report measure (Broader Autism Phenotype Questionnaire) and a purpose-developed online emotion recognition task for efficient delivery of non-linguistic vocal stimuli corresponding to the six basic emotions. Contrary to expectations, we found that higher self-ratings of rigid BAP traits correlated with better recognition accuracy and higher intensity ratings for angry voices. We interpret this anger-specific association as an advantage for enhanced threat detection in the BAP and discuss this finding in the broader context of personality research and interpersonal theory. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3641-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370 [article] Enhanced Sensitivity to Angry Voices in People with Features of the Broader Autism Phenotype [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Valerie M. Z. YAP, Auteur ; Neil M. MCLACHLAN, Auteur ; Ingrid E. SCHEFFER, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur . - p.3899-3911. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-11 (November 2018) . - p.3899-3911 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The present study examined whether the ability to recognize vocal emotional expressions is negatively related to features of the Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) in the general population. We assessed 61 typically developing adults on a BAP self-report measure (Broader Autism Phenotype Questionnaire) and a purpose-developed online emotion recognition task for efficient delivery of non-linguistic vocal stimuli corresponding to the six basic emotions. Contrary to expectations, we found that higher self-ratings of rigid BAP traits correlated with better recognition accuracy and higher intensity ratings for angry voices. We interpret this anger-specific association as an advantage for enhanced threat detection in the BAP and discuss this finding in the broader context of personality research and interpersonal theory. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3641-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=370

Handedness and corpus callosal morphology in Williams syndrome / Marilee A. MARTENS in Development and Psychopathology, 25-1 (February 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 25-1 (February 2013) . - p.253-260 Titre : Handedness and corpus callosal morphology in Williams syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marilee A. MARTENS, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur ; Jian CHEN, Auteur ; Amanda G. WOOD, Auteur ; David C. REUTENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.253-260 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder caused by a hemizygous deletion on chromosome 7q11.23, resulting in atypical brain structure and function, including abnormal morphology of the corpus callosum. An influence of handedness on the size of the corpus callosum has been observed in studies of typical individuals, but handedness has not been taken into account in studies of callosal morphology in Williams syndrome. We hypothesized that callosal area is smaller and the size of the splenium and isthmus is reduced in individuals with Williams syndrome compared to healthy controls, and examined age, sex, and handedness effects on corpus callosal area. Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained on 25 individuals with Williams syndrome (18 right-handed, 7 left-handed) and 25 matched controls. We found that callosal thickness was significantly reduced in the splenium of Williams syndrome individuals compared to controls. We also found novel evidence that the callosal area was smaller in left-handed participants with Williams syndrome than their right-handed counterparts, with opposite findings observed in the control group. This novel finding may be associated with LIM-kinase hemizygosity, a characteristic of Williams syndrome. The findings may have significant clinical implications in future explorations of the Williams syndrome cognitive phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412001009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=190 [article] Handedness and corpus callosal morphology in Williams syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marilee A. MARTENS, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur ; Jian CHEN, Auteur ; Amanda G. WOOD, Auteur ; David C. REUTENS, Auteur . - p.253-260. in Development and Psychopathology > 25-1 (February 2013) . - p.253-260 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder caused by a hemizygous deletion on chromosome 7q11.23, resulting in atypical brain structure and function, including abnormal morphology of the corpus callosum. An influence of handedness on the size of the corpus callosum has been observed in studies of typical individuals, but handedness has not been taken into account in studies of callosal morphology in Williams syndrome. We hypothesized that callosal area is smaller and the size of the splenium and isthmus is reduced in individuals with Williams syndrome compared to healthy controls, and examined age, sex, and handedness effects on corpus callosal area. Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained on 25 individuals with Williams syndrome (18 right-handed, 7 left-handed) and 25 matched controls. We found that callosal thickness was significantly reduced in the splenium of Williams syndrome individuals compared to controls. We also found novel evidence that the callosal area was smaller in left-handed participants with Williams syndrome than their right-handed counterparts, with opposite findings observed in the control group. This novel finding may be associated with LIM-kinase hemizygosity, a characteristic of Williams syndrome. The findings may have significant clinical implications in future explorations of the Williams syndrome cognitive phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412001009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=190

Research Review: Williams syndrome: a critical review of the cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical phenotype / Marilee A. MARTENS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49-6 (June 2008)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-6 (June 2008) . - p.576-608 Titre : Research Review: Williams syndrome: a critical review of the cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical phenotype Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marilee A. MARTENS, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur ; David C. REUTENS, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p.576-608 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Williams-syndrome review phenotype cognition language music social-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review critically examines the research findings which characterize the cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical features of Williams syndrome (WS). This article analyzes 178 published studies in the WS literature covering the following areas: 1) General intelligence, 2) Language skills, 3) Visuospatial and face processing skills, 4) Behavior patterns and hypersociability, 5) Musical abilities, and 6) Brain structure and function. We identify methodological issues relating to small sample size, use and type of control groups, and multiple measures of task performance. Previously described ‘peaks’ within the cognitive profile are closely examined to assess their veracity. This review highlights the need for methodologically sound studies that utilize multiple comparison groups, developmental trajectories, and longitudinal analyses to examine the WS phenotype, as well as those that link brain structure and function to the cognitive and behavioral phenotype of WS individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01887.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Research Review: Williams syndrome: a critical review of the cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical phenotype [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marilee A. MARTENS, Auteur ; Sarah J. WILSON, Auteur ; David C. REUTENS, Auteur . - 2008 . - p.576-608. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 49-6 (June 2008) . - p.576-608 Mots-clés : Williams-syndrome review phenotype cognition language music social-behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This review critically examines the research findings which characterize the cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical features of Williams syndrome (WS). This article analyzes 178 published studies in the WS literature covering the following areas: 1) General intelligence, 2) Language skills, 3) Visuospatial and face processing skills, 4) Behavior patterns and hypersociability, 5) Musical abilities, and 6) Brain structure and function. We identify methodological issues relating to small sample size, use and type of control groups, and multiple measures of task performance. Previously described ‘peaks’ within the cognitive profile are closely examined to assess their veracity. This review highlights the need for methodologically sound studies that utilize multiple comparison groups, developmental trajectories, and longitudinal analyses to examine the WS phenotype, as well as those that link brain structure and function to the cognitive and behavioral phenotype of WS individuals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01887.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

---

1 (1 - 4 / 4)