Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Show Impairments During Dynamic Versus Static Grip-force Tracking / Daniel E. LIDSTONE in Autism Research, 13-12 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-12 (December 2020) . - p.2177-2189 Titre : Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Show Impairments During Dynamic Versus Static Grip-force Tracking Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel E. LIDSTONE, Auteur ; Faria Z. MIAH, Auteur ; Brach POSTON, Auteur ; Julie F. BEASLEY, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Janet S. DUFEK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2177-2189 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  grip  neurodevelopmental disorders  psychophysiologic  visuomotor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in visuomotor integration (VMI) may contribute to anomalous development of motor, as well as social-communicative, skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is relatively unknown whether VMI impairments are specific to children with ASD versus children with other neurodevelopmental disorders. As such, this study addressed the hypothesis that children with ASD, but not those in other clinical control groups, would show greater deficits in high-VMI dynamic grip-force tracking versus low-VMI static presentation. Seventy-nine children, aged 7-17?years, participated: 22 children with ASD, 17 children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), 18 children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and 22 typically developing (TD) children. Two grip-force tracking conditions were examined: (1) a low-VMI condition (static visual target) and (2) a high-VMI condition (dynamic visual target). Low-frequency force oscillations <0.5 Hz during the visuomotor task were also examined. Two-way ANCOVAs were used to examine group x VMI and group x frequency effects (? = 0.05). Children with ASD showed a difficulty, above that seen in the ADHD/FASD groups, tracking dynamic, but not static, visual stimuli as compared to TD children. Low-frequency force oscillations <0.25?Hz were also significantly greater in the ASD versus the TD group. This study is the first to report VMI deficits during dynamic versus static grip-force tracking and increased proportion of force oscillations <0.25?Hz during visuomotor tracking in the ASD versus TD group. Dynamic VMI impairments may be a core psychophysiologic feature that could contribute to impaired development of motor and social-communicative skills in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show difficulties using dynamic visual stimuli to guide their own movements compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. It is unknown whether children without a diagnosis of ASD, but with other neurological disorders, show similar difficulties processing dynamic visual stimuli. In this study, we showed that children with ASD show a difficulty using dynamic, but not static, visual stimuli to guide movement that may explain atypical development of motor and social skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2370 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434 [article] Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Show Impairments During Dynamic Versus Static Grip-force Tracking [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel E. LIDSTONE, Auteur ; Faria Z. MIAH, Auteur ; Brach POSTON, Auteur ; Julie F. BEASLEY, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Janet S. DUFEK, Auteur . - p.2177-2189. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-12 (December 2020) . - p.2177-2189 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  grip  neurodevelopmental disorders  psychophysiologic  visuomotor Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impairments in visuomotor integration (VMI) may contribute to anomalous development of motor, as well as social-communicative, skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is relatively unknown whether VMI impairments are specific to children with ASD versus children with other neurodevelopmental disorders. As such, this study addressed the hypothesis that children with ASD, but not those in other clinical control groups, would show greater deficits in high-VMI dynamic grip-force tracking versus low-VMI static presentation. Seventy-nine children, aged 7-17?years, participated: 22 children with ASD, 17 children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), 18 children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and 22 typically developing (TD) children. Two grip-force tracking conditions were examined: (1) a low-VMI condition (static visual target) and (2) a high-VMI condition (dynamic visual target). Low-frequency force oscillations <0.5 Hz during the visuomotor task were also examined. Two-way ANCOVAs were used to examine group x VMI and group x frequency effects (? = 0.05). Children with ASD showed a difficulty, above that seen in the ADHD/FASD groups, tracking dynamic, but not static, visual stimuli as compared to TD children. Low-frequency force oscillations <0.25?Hz were also significantly greater in the ASD versus the TD group. This study is the first to report VMI deficits during dynamic versus static grip-force tracking and increased proportion of force oscillations <0.25?Hz during visuomotor tracking in the ASD versus TD group. Dynamic VMI impairments may be a core psychophysiologic feature that could contribute to impaired development of motor and social-communicative skills in ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show difficulties using dynamic visual stimuli to guide their own movements compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. It is unknown whether children without a diagnosis of ASD, but with other neurological disorders, show similar difficulties processing dynamic visual stimuli. In this study, we showed that children with ASD show a difficulty using dynamic, but not static, visual stimuli to guide movement that may explain atypical development of motor and social skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2370 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=434

Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD / Danielle MCAULIFFE in Autism Research, 13-5 (May 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.777-784 Titre : Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Yi ZHAO, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Katarina AMENT, Auteur ; Jack ADAMEK, Auteur ; Brian S. CAFFO, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.777-784 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  dyspraxia  imitation  learning  motor control  skill learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of altered performance of a range of skills, including social/communicative and motor skills. It is unclear whether this altered performance results from atypical acquisition or learning of the skills or from atypical "online" performance of the skills. Atypicalities of skilled actions that require both motor and cognitive resources, such as abnormal gesturing, are highly prevalent in ASD and are easier to study in a laboratory context than are social/communicative skills. Imitation has long been known to be impaired in ASD; because learning via imitation is a prime method by which humans acquire skills, we tested the hypothesis that children with ASD show alterations in learning novel gestures via imitation. Eighteen participants with ASD and IQ > 80, ages 8-12.9 years, and 19 typically developing peers performed a task in which they watched a video of a model performing a novel, meaningless arm/hand gesture and copied the gesture. Each gesture video/copy sequence was repeated 4-6 times. Eight gestures were analyzed. Examination of learning trajectories revealed that while children with ASD made nearly as much progress in learning from repetition 1 to repetition 4, the shape of the learning curves differed. Causal modeling demonstrated the shape of the learning curve influenced both the performance of overlearned gestures and autism severity, suggesting that it is in the index of learning mechanisms relevant both to motor skills and to autism core features. Autism Res 2020, 13: 777-784.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Imitation is a route by which humans learn a wide range of skills, naturally and in therapies. Imitation is known to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but learning via imitation has not been rigorously examined. We found that the shape of the learning curve is altered in ASD, in a way that has a significant impact both on measures of autism severity and of other motor skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2253 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422 [article] Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Danielle MCAULIFFE, Auteur ; Yi ZHAO, Auteur ; Ajay S. PILLAI, Auteur ; Katarina AMENT, Auteur ; Jack ADAMEK, Auteur ; Brian S. CAFFO, Auteur ; Stewart H. MOSTOFSKY, Auteur ; Joshua B. EWEN, Auteur . - p.777-784. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-5 (May 2020) . - p.777-784 Mots-clés : autism  dyspraxia  imitation  learning  motor control  skill learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of altered performance of a range of skills, including social/communicative and motor skills. It is unclear whether this altered performance results from atypical acquisition or learning of the skills or from atypical "online" performance of the skills. Atypicalities of skilled actions that require both motor and cognitive resources, such as abnormal gesturing, are highly prevalent in ASD and are easier to study in a laboratory context than are social/communicative skills. Imitation has long been known to be impaired in ASD; because learning via imitation is a prime method by which humans acquire skills, we tested the hypothesis that children with ASD show alterations in learning novel gestures via imitation. Eighteen participants with ASD and IQ > 80, ages 8-12.9 years, and 19 typically developing peers performed a task in which they watched a video of a model performing a novel, meaningless arm/hand gesture and copied the gesture. Each gesture video/copy sequence was repeated 4-6 times. Eight gestures were analyzed. Examination of learning trajectories revealed that while children with ASD made nearly as much progress in learning from repetition 1 to repetition 4, the shape of the learning curves differed. Causal modeling demonstrated the shape of the learning curve influenced both the performance of overlearned gestures and autism severity, suggesting that it is in the index of learning mechanisms relevant both to motor skills and to autism core features. Autism Res 2020, 13: 777-784.. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Imitation is a route by which humans learn a wide range of skills, naturally and in therapies. Imitation is known to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but learning via imitation has not been rigorously examined. We found that the shape of the learning curve is altered in ASD, in a way that has a significant impact both on measures of autism severity and of other motor skills. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2253 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=422

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