How accurate are autistic adults and those high in autistic traits at making face-to-face line-of-sight judgements? / Megan FREETH in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1482-1493 Titre : How accurate are autistic adults and those high in autistic traits at making face-to-face line-of-sight judgements? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megan FREETH, Auteur ; Emma MORGAN, Auteur ; Patricia BUGEMBE, Auteur ; Aaron BROWN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1482-1493 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autistic traits  ecological validity  gaze following  line-of-sight judgements  social cognition and social behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In order to effectively understand and consider what others are talking about, we sometimes need to follow their line-of-sight to the location at which they are looking, as this can provide important contextual information regarding what they are saying. If we are not able to follow other people's line-of-sight, this could result in social communication difficulties. Here we tested how effectively autistic and neurotypical adults are at following a social partner's line-of-sight during a face-to-face task. In a first study, completed by 14 autistic adult participants of average to above-average verbal ability and 14 neurotypical adult participants, we found that all participants were able to effectively follow the social partner's line-of-sight. We also found that participants tended to be as effective at making these judgements from both a brief, 1s, glance or a long, 5s, stare. However, autistic adults were less accurate, on average, than neurotypical adults overall. In a second study, a separate group of 65 neurotypical adults completed the same line-of-sight judgement task to investigate whether task performance was related to individual variation in self-reported autistic traits. This found that the amount of self-reported autistic traits was not at all related to people's ability to accurately make line-of-sight judgements. This research isolates and furthers our understanding of an important component part of the social communication process and assesses it in a real-world context. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909176 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] How accurate are autistic adults and those high in autistic traits at making face-to-face line-of-sight judgements? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megan FREETH, Auteur ; Emma MORGAN, Auteur ; Patricia BUGEMBE, Auteur ; Aaron BROWN, Auteur . - p.1482-1493. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1482-1493 Mots-clés : autism  autistic traits  ecological validity  gaze following  line-of-sight judgements  social cognition and social behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In order to effectively understand and consider what others are talking about, we sometimes need to follow their line-of-sight to the location at which they are looking, as this can provide important contextual information regarding what they are saying. If we are not able to follow other people's line-of-sight, this could result in social communication difficulties. Here we tested how effectively autistic and neurotypical adults are at following a social partner's line-of-sight during a face-to-face task. In a first study, completed by 14 autistic adult participants of average to above-average verbal ability and 14 neurotypical adult participants, we found that all participants were able to effectively follow the social partner's line-of-sight. We also found that participants tended to be as effective at making these judgements from both a brief, 1s, glance or a long, 5s, stare. However, autistic adults were less accurate, on average, than neurotypical adults overall. In a second study, a separate group of 65 neurotypical adults completed the same line-of-sight judgement task to investigate whether task performance was related to individual variation in self-reported autistic traits. This found that the amount of self-reported autistic traits was not at all related to people's ability to accurately make line-of-sight judgements. This research isolates and furthers our understanding of an important component part of the social communication process and assesses it in a real-world context. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909176 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Social partner gaze direction and conversational phase; factors affecting social attention during face-to-face conversations in autistic adults? / M. FREETH in Autism, 23-2 (February 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-2 (February 2019) . - p.503-513 Titre : Social partner gaze direction and conversational phase; factors affecting social attention during face-to-face conversations in autistic adults? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. FREETH, Auteur ; Patricia BUGEMBE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.503-513 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  eye movements  mobile eye-tracking  social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social attention is atypical in autism. However, the majority of evidence for this claim comes from studies where the social partner is not physically present and the participants are children. Consequently, to ensure acquisition of a comprehensive overview of social attention in autism, systematic analysis of factors known to influence face-to-face social attention in neurotypicals is necessary and evidence from adulthood is required. This study assessed the influence of experimenter gaze direction (direct or averted) and conversational phase (speaking or listening) on social attention during a face-to-face conversation. Eye-tracking analyses indicated that when the experimenter looked directly at the participant, autistic adults looked at the experimenter's face less than did neurotypical adults. However, this between-group difference was significantly reduced when the experimenter's gaze was averted. Therefore, opportunities for reciprocal social gaze are missed by autistic adults when the social partner makes direct eye contact. A greater proportion of time was spent fixating the experimenter's eye region when participants were speaking compared to listening in both neurotypical and autistic adults. Overall, this study provides a rich picture of the nature of social attention in face-to-face conversations adopted by autistic adults and demonstrates individual variation in social attention styles. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318756786 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383 [article] Social partner gaze direction and conversational phase; factors affecting social attention during face-to-face conversations in autistic adults? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. FREETH, Auteur ; Patricia BUGEMBE, Auteur . - p.503-513. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-2 (February 2019) . - p.503-513 Mots-clés : autism  eye movements  mobile eye-tracking  social attention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Social attention is atypical in autism. However, the majority of evidence for this claim comes from studies where the social partner is not physically present and the participants are children. Consequently, to ensure acquisition of a comprehensive overview of social attention in autism, systematic analysis of factors known to influence face-to-face social attention in neurotypicals is necessary and evidence from adulthood is required. This study assessed the influence of experimenter gaze direction (direct or averted) and conversational phase (speaking or listening) on social attention during a face-to-face conversation. Eye-tracking analyses indicated that when the experimenter looked directly at the participant, autistic adults looked at the experimenter's face less than did neurotypical adults. However, this between-group difference was significantly reduced when the experimenter's gaze was averted. Therefore, opportunities for reciprocal social gaze are missed by autistic adults when the social partner makes direct eye contact. A greater proportion of time was spent fixating the experimenter's eye region when participants were speaking compared to listening in both neurotypical and autistic adults. Overall, this study provides a rich picture of the nature of social attention in face-to-face conversations adopted by autistic adults and demonstrates individual variation in social attention styles. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318756786 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=383

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