Dépouillements

The hidden inequalities of COVID-19 / Elizabeth PELLICANO in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1309-1310 Titre : The hidden inequalities of COVID-19 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Marc STEARS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1309-1310 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320927590 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] The hidden inequalities of COVID-19 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Marc STEARS, Auteur . - p.1309-1310. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1309-1310 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320927590 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review / Yunhe HUANG in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1311-1327 Titre : Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yunhe HUANG, Auteur ; Samuel R. C. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Kitty-Rose FOLEY, Auteur ; Julian N. TROLLOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1311-1327 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorders  carers  diagnosis  gender  health services  psychiatric comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : More adults are getting assessed for possible autism. Here, we give an overview on what is already known about autism diagnosis in adulthood and find areas that need more research. We divided results from the studies we found into six topics of (1) rates of autism in different groups; (2) the process of getting an autism diagnosis in adulthood; (3) gender; (4) personality traits, abilities and behaviours of diagnosed adults; (5) mental and physical health conditions that occur together with autism; and (6) how adults think and feel about being assessed and diagnosed. We found that adults often have strong emotions after being diagnosed, the process of getting a diagnosis can be unclear and different for everyone, and not many support services are available for adults. More research on diagnosing adults with intellectual disability, differences between early and late-diagnosed adults, and support after diagnosis would be useful. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320903128 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Diagnosis of autism in adulthood: A scoping review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yunhe HUANG, Auteur ; Samuel R. C. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Kitty-Rose FOLEY, Auteur ; Julian N. TROLLOR, Auteur . - p.1311-1327. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1311-1327 Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorders  carers  diagnosis  gender  health services  psychiatric comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : More adults are getting assessed for possible autism. Here, we give an overview on what is already known about autism diagnosis in adulthood and find areas that need more research. We divided results from the studies we found into six topics of (1) rates of autism in different groups; (2) the process of getting an autism diagnosis in adulthood; (3) gender; (4) personality traits, abilities and behaviours of diagnosed adults; (5) mental and physical health conditions that occur together with autism; and (6) how adults think and feel about being assessed and diagnosed. We found that adults often have strong emotions after being diagnosed, the process of getting a diagnosis can be unclear and different for everyone, and not many support services are available for adults. More research on diagnosing adults with intellectual disability, differences between early and late-diagnosed adults, and support after diagnosis would be useful. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320903128 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

The link between autism spectrum disorder and gut microbiota: A scoping review / Amanda NITSCHKE in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1328-1344 Titre : The link between autism spectrum disorder and gut microbiota: A scoping review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Amanda NITSCHKE, Auteur ; Raywat DEONANDAN, Auteur ; Anne T. M. KONKLE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1328-1344 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autism spectrum disorder behavior  gastrointestinal disorders  gut microbiota  microbiota–gut–brain axis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal distress and gut microbial imbalances are commonly found in children with autism spectrum disorder, and therefore may play a key role in the development of the disorder. This scoping review aimed to examine the extent, range and nature of research conducted in the past 6?years that focused on furthering our understanding of autism spectrum disorder and its association with gut microbiota. A literature review was performed with predetermined key words. Studies were screened and selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 19 studies were included for final analysis. While there are continuous reports of differences in gut microbiota between autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical individuals, knowledge about the consistency in the presence and abundance of bacterial species, as well as metabolites, remains deficient. Treatments such as special diets, vitamin, prebiotic, probiotic, and microbiota transfer therapy show promising therapeutic potential, yet are in their infancy of investigation. Overall, further research with rigorous methodologies is required to support and strengthen the reliability of existing findings. Future research should aim to increase sample sizes, eliminate biases, and subgroup autism spectrum disorder groups to help accommodate for inter-individual variation. As increasing evidence of a unique autism spectrum disorder microbiome and metabolome is acquired, autism spectrum disorder-specific biomarkers can be identified. These biomarkers have great implications in terms of elucidating the molecular mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder, preventing the onset of autism spectrum disorder, and improving treatments for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913364 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] The link between autism spectrum disorder and gut microbiota: A scoping review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Amanda NITSCHKE, Auteur ; Raywat DEONANDAN, Auteur ; Anne T. M. KONKLE, Auteur . - p.1328-1344. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1328-1344 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  autism spectrum disorder behavior  gastrointestinal disorders  gut microbiota  microbiota–gut–brain axis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Gastrointestinal distress and gut microbial imbalances are commonly found in children with autism spectrum disorder, and therefore may play a key role in the development of the disorder. This scoping review aimed to examine the extent, range and nature of research conducted in the past 6?years that focused on furthering our understanding of autism spectrum disorder and its association with gut microbiota. A literature review was performed with predetermined key words. Studies were screened and selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 19 studies were included for final analysis. While there are continuous reports of differences in gut microbiota between autism spectrum disorder and neurotypical individuals, knowledge about the consistency in the presence and abundance of bacterial species, as well as metabolites, remains deficient. Treatments such as special diets, vitamin, prebiotic, probiotic, and microbiota transfer therapy show promising therapeutic potential, yet are in their infancy of investigation. Overall, further research with rigorous methodologies is required to support and strengthen the reliability of existing findings. Future research should aim to increase sample sizes, eliminate biases, and subgroup autism spectrum disorder groups to help accommodate for inter-individual variation. As increasing evidence of a unique autism spectrum disorder microbiome and metabolome is acquired, autism spectrum disorder-specific biomarkers can be identified. These biomarkers have great implications in terms of elucidating the molecular mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder, preventing the onset of autism spectrum disorder, and improving treatments for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913364 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review / Teal W. BENEVIDES in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1345-1359 Titre : Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Teal W. BENEVIDES, Auteur ; Stephen M. SHORE, Auteur ; May-Lynn ANDRESEN, Auteur ; Reid CAPLAN, Auteur ; Barb COOK, Auteur ; Dena L. GASSNER, Auteur ; Jasmine M. ERVES, Auteur ; Taylor M. HAZLEWOOD, Auteur ; M. Caroline KING, Auteur ; Lisa MORGAN, Auteur ; Lauren E. MURPHY, Auteur ; Yenn PURKIS, Auteur ; Brigid RANKOWSKI, Auteur ; Sarah M. RUTLEDGE, Auteur ; Savannah P. WELCH, Auteur ; Karl WITTIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1345-1359 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adult  autism spectrum disorder  intervention  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults have more health problems then their same-aged peers. Yet little research has been conducted that focuses on addressing these health problems. In order to guide future research, it is important to know what intervention studies have been done to improve health outcomes among autistic adults. The project team and student assistants read studies that were published between 2007 and 2018 in the online research database, PubMed. We looked for studies published in English, which were peer-reviewed and included (1) an intervention, (2) an outcome that was related to health, and (3) a study group that included autistic adults. We did not include studies that had outcomes about employment (unless there was a health outcome), studies about caregivers or caregiving, or expert opinions about interventions. Of 778 reviewed articles, 19 studies met all of the criteria above. Within these studies, two approaches were found to have emerging evidence for their use in autistic adults: cognitive behavioral interventions and mindfulness-based approaches for improved mental health outcomes. The remaining intervention approaches did not have enough articles to support their use. Many of the outcomes were about reduced symptoms of co-occurring mental health diagnoses (e.g. reduced anxiety, depression). Most of the participants in these studies were male and did not have intellectual disability. Most study participants were adults younger than 40. There are not many intervention studies that address health outcomes among autistic adults. More research is needed on interventions which are desired by the adult autism community and address preferred health outcomes such as increased quality of life or well-being. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913664 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Teal W. BENEVIDES, Auteur ; Stephen M. SHORE, Auteur ; May-Lynn ANDRESEN, Auteur ; Reid CAPLAN, Auteur ; Barb COOK, Auteur ; Dena L. GASSNER, Auteur ; Jasmine M. ERVES, Auteur ; Taylor M. HAZLEWOOD, Auteur ; M. Caroline KING, Auteur ; Lisa MORGAN, Auteur ; Lauren E. MURPHY, Auteur ; Yenn PURKIS, Auteur ; Brigid RANKOWSKI, Auteur ; Sarah M. RUTLEDGE, Auteur ; Savannah P. WELCH, Auteur ; Karl WITTIG, Auteur . - p.1345-1359. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1345-1359 Mots-clés : adult  autism spectrum disorder  intervention  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic adults have more health problems then their same-aged peers. Yet little research has been conducted that focuses on addressing these health problems. In order to guide future research, it is important to know what intervention studies have been done to improve health outcomes among autistic adults. The project team and student assistants read studies that were published between 2007 and 2018 in the online research database, PubMed. We looked for studies published in English, which were peer-reviewed and included (1) an intervention, (2) an outcome that was related to health, and (3) a study group that included autistic adults. We did not include studies that had outcomes about employment (unless there was a health outcome), studies about caregivers or caregiving, or expert opinions about interventions. Of 778 reviewed articles, 19 studies met all of the criteria above. Within these studies, two approaches were found to have emerging evidence for their use in autistic adults: cognitive behavioral interventions and mindfulness-based approaches for improved mental health outcomes. The remaining intervention approaches did not have enough articles to support their use. Many of the outcomes were about reduced symptoms of co-occurring mental health diagnoses (e.g. reduced anxiety, depression). Most of the participants in these studies were male and did not have intellectual disability. Most study participants were adults younger than 40. There are not many intervention studies that address health outcomes among autistic adults. More research is needed on interventions which are desired by the adult autism community and address preferred health outcomes such as increased quality of life or well-being. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913664 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

The feasibility of low-intensity psychological therapy for depression co-occurring with autism in adults: The Autism Depression Trial (ADEPT) - a pilot randomised controlled trial / Ailsa RUSSELL in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1360-1372 Titre : The feasibility of low-intensity psychological therapy for depression co-occurring with autism in adults: The Autism Depression Trial (ADEPT) - a pilot randomised controlled trial Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur ; Daisy M GAUNT, Auteur ; Kate COOPER, Auteur ; Stephen BARTON, Auteur ; Jeremy HORWOOD, Auteur ; David KESSLER, Auteur ; Chris METCALFE, Auteur ; Ian ENSUM, Auteur ; Barry INGHAM, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Dheeraj RAI, Auteur ; Nicola WILES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1360-1372 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism  cognitive behaviour therapy  depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Low-intensity cognitive behaviour therapy including behavioural activation is an evidence-based treatment for depression, a condition frequently co-occurring with autism. The feasibility of adapting low-intensity cognitive behaviour therapy for depression to meet the needs of autistic adults via a randomised controlled trial was investigated. The adapted intervention (guided self-help) comprised materials for nine individual sessions with a low-intensity psychological therapist. Autistic adults (n?=?70) with depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ?10) recruited from National Health Service adult autism services and research cohorts were randomly allocated to guided self-help or treatment as usual. Outcomes at 10-, 16- and 24-weeks post-randomisation were blind to treatment group. Rates of retention in the study differed by treatment group with more participants attending follow-up in the guided self-help group than treatment as usual. The adapted intervention was well-received, 86% (n?=?30/35) of participants attended the pre-defined 'dose' of five sessions of treatment and 71% (25/35) attended all treatment sessions. The findings of this pilot randomised controlled trial indicate that low-intensity cognitive behaviour therapy informed by behavioural activation can be successfully adapted to meet the needs of autistic people. Evaluation of the effectiveness of this intervention in a full scale randomised controlled trial is now warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319889272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] The feasibility of low-intensity psychological therapy for depression co-occurring with autism in adults: The Autism Depression Trial (ADEPT) - a pilot randomised controlled trial [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ailsa RUSSELL, Auteur ; Daisy M GAUNT, Auteur ; Kate COOPER, Auteur ; Stephen BARTON, Auteur ; Jeremy HORWOOD, Auteur ; David KESSLER, Auteur ; Chris METCALFE, Auteur ; Ian ENSUM, Auteur ; Barry INGHAM, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Dheeraj RAI, Auteur ; Nicola WILES, Auteur . - p.1360-1372. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1360-1372 Mots-clés : adults  autism  cognitive behaviour therapy  depression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Low-intensity cognitive behaviour therapy including behavioural activation is an evidence-based treatment for depression, a condition frequently co-occurring with autism. The feasibility of adapting low-intensity cognitive behaviour therapy for depression to meet the needs of autistic adults via a randomised controlled trial was investigated. The adapted intervention (guided self-help) comprised materials for nine individual sessions with a low-intensity psychological therapist. Autistic adults (n?=?70) with depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ?10) recruited from National Health Service adult autism services and research cohorts were randomly allocated to guided self-help or treatment as usual. Outcomes at 10-, 16- and 24-weeks post-randomisation were blind to treatment group. Rates of retention in the study differed by treatment group with more participants attending follow-up in the guided self-help group than treatment as usual. The adapted intervention was well-received, 86% (n?=?30/35) of participants attended the pre-defined 'dose' of five sessions of treatment and 71% (25/35) attended all treatment sessions. The findings of this pilot randomised controlled trial indicate that low-intensity cognitive behaviour therapy informed by behavioural activation can be successfully adapted to meet the needs of autistic people. Evaluation of the effectiveness of this intervention in a full scale randomised controlled trial is now warranted. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319889272 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Sluggish cognitive tempo: An examination of clinical correlates for adults with autism / Alexis M. BREWE in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1373-1383 Titre : Sluggish cognitive tempo: An examination of clinical correlates for adults with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Alexis M. BREWE, Auteur ; Grace Lee SIMMONS, Auteur ; Nicole N. CAPRIOLA-HALL, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1373-1383 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder  autism spectrum disorder  depression  sluggish cognitive tempo Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorder often experience a range of co-occurring mental health problems such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder, as well as difficulties with executive function. Sluggish cognitive tempo, a cluster of behaviors including slow processing, daydreaming, and mental fogginess, has been shown to be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder, and limited research has suggested that individuals with autism spectrum disorder may experience sluggish cognitive tempo. We examined co-occurring mental health problems and executive function in 57 young adults with autism spectrum disorder, aged 16-25?years to better understand sluggish cognitive tempo in autism spectrum disorder. Parents of the young adults answered questions about their children's sluggish cognitive tempo, attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder, depression, and anxiety symptoms, and the young adults completed tests of their executive function. Results demonstrated that nearly one-third of the sample exhibited clinically impairing levels of sluggish cognitive tempo. Although sluggish cognitive tempo and attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder symptoms were related, our findings suggest they are not the same constructs. Increased sluggish cognitive tempo is related to more difficulties with executive function and increased depression, but not anxiety symptoms. Results demonstrate that sluggish cognitive tempo may pose heightened difficulties for adults with autism spectrum disorder, making it an important construct to continue studying. Considerations for assessment and long-term impacts of sluggish cognitive tempo for adults with autism spectrum disorder are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900422 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Sluggish cognitive tempo: An examination of clinical correlates for adults with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Alexis M. BREWE, Auteur ; Grace Lee SIMMONS, Auteur ; Nicole N. CAPRIOLA-HALL, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur . - p.1373-1383. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1373-1383 Mots-clés : adults  attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder  autism spectrum disorder  depression  sluggish cognitive tempo Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorder often experience a range of co-occurring mental health problems such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder, as well as difficulties with executive function. Sluggish cognitive tempo, a cluster of behaviors including slow processing, daydreaming, and mental fogginess, has been shown to be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder, and limited research has suggested that individuals with autism spectrum disorder may experience sluggish cognitive tempo. We examined co-occurring mental health problems and executive function in 57 young adults with autism spectrum disorder, aged 16-25?years to better understand sluggish cognitive tempo in autism spectrum disorder. Parents of the young adults answered questions about their children's sluggish cognitive tempo, attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder, depression, and anxiety symptoms, and the young adults completed tests of their executive function. Results demonstrated that nearly one-third of the sample exhibited clinically impairing levels of sluggish cognitive tempo. Although sluggish cognitive tempo and attention-deficit/hyperactivity-disorder symptoms were related, our findings suggest they are not the same constructs. Increased sluggish cognitive tempo is related to more difficulties with executive function and increased depression, but not anxiety symptoms. Results demonstrate that sluggish cognitive tempo may pose heightened difficulties for adults with autism spectrum disorder, making it an important construct to continue studying. Considerations for assessment and long-term impacts of sluggish cognitive tempo for adults with autism spectrum disorder are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900422 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Looking or talking: Visual attention and verbal engagement during shared book reading of preschool children on the autism spectrum / Rachelle WICKS in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1384-1399 Titre : Looking or talking: Visual attention and verbal engagement during shared book reading of preschool children on the autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachelle WICKS, Auteur ; Jessica PAYNTER, Auteur ; Marleen F. WESTERVELD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1384-1399 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  emergent literacy  preschool children  shared book reading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children who have an autism diagnosis often have trouble learning to talk and read. These difficulties become noticeable before children start school and may be linked to lower attention and engagement in literacy-related activities such as sharing storybooks with their parents. To date, few researchers have looked at possible ways to measure how children on the autism spectrum engage during shared storybook reading, for example, where children look or how much they talk, and how this may be related to their letter-name knowledge and their vocabulary knowledge. In this study, we analyzed videos of 40 preschoolers on the spectrum and their parents sharing an unfamiliar storybook. We wanted to see whether where children looked (i.e. toward the storybook, their parent, or elsewhere) and how much they talked were related to what their parents did (e.g. ask questions or provide prompts) and/or children's letter-name knowledge and vocabulary. The videos were coded for different child and parent behaviors. We found that where children looked and how much they talked were strongly related to each other and what parents did during the shared book reading interaction, particularly asking questions and using prompts. In contrast to what we expected, where children looked was not related to children's letter or vocabulary knowledge. Overall, results of the study draw attention to the connection between what parents do and what preschoolers on the spectrum do when sharing storybooks and provide directions for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900594 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Looking or talking: Visual attention and verbal engagement during shared book reading of preschool children on the autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachelle WICKS, Auteur ; Jessica PAYNTER, Auteur ; Marleen F. WESTERVELD, Auteur . - p.1384-1399. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1384-1399 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  emergent literacy  preschool children  shared book reading Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children who have an autism diagnosis often have trouble learning to talk and read. These difficulties become noticeable before children start school and may be linked to lower attention and engagement in literacy-related activities such as sharing storybooks with their parents. To date, few researchers have looked at possible ways to measure how children on the autism spectrum engage during shared storybook reading, for example, where children look or how much they talk, and how this may be related to their letter-name knowledge and their vocabulary knowledge. In this study, we analyzed videos of 40 preschoolers on the spectrum and their parents sharing an unfamiliar storybook. We wanted to see whether where children looked (i.e. toward the storybook, their parent, or elsewhere) and how much they talked were related to what their parents did (e.g. ask questions or provide prompts) and/or children's letter-name knowledge and vocabulary. The videos were coded for different child and parent behaviors. We found that where children looked and how much they talked were strongly related to each other and what parents did during the shared book reading interaction, particularly asking questions and using prompts. In contrast to what we expected, where children looked was not related to children's letter or vocabulary knowledge. Overall, results of the study draw attention to the connection between what parents do and what preschoolers on the spectrum do when sharing storybooks and provide directions for future research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900594 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

An association of intrapartum synthetic oxytocin dosing and the odds of developing autism / Stephen M. SOLTYS in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1400-1410 Titre : An association of intrapartum synthetic oxytocin dosing and the odds of developing autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen M. SOLTYS, Auteur ; Jill Rose SCHERBEL, Auteur ; Joseph R. KURIAN, Auteur ; Todd DIEBOLD, Auteur ; Teresa WILSON, Auteur ; Lindsay HEDDEN, Auteur ; Kathleen GROESCH, Auteur ; Paula L. DIAZ-SYLVESTER, Auteur ; Albert BOTCHWAY, Auteur ; Pamela CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Julio Ricardo LORET DE MOLA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1400-1410 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cesarean  autism spectrum disorders  labor  oxytocin Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Oxytocin is a hormone naturally produced in the human body that can make the womb (uterus) contract during labor. Manufactured oxytocin is frequently given to mothers in labor to strengthen the contractions or in some cases to start labor. This study compared children with a diagnosis of autism and children without autism to see whether children with autism received more oxytocin during labor. The odds of a child having an autism diagnosis were significantly higher if the delivery was a first-time Cesarean section, if the mother had a body mass index of 35 or higher, or if the reason for delivery were a range of fetal problems that made delivery necessary. It was found that boys who were exposed to oxytocin for longer periods of time during labor and received higher total doses of oxytocin had significantly higher odds of developing autism. There were no significant associations of oxytocin dosing and autism noted in female children. As this is the first study to look at any relationship between the dose of oxytocin received during labor and the odds of developing autism, further study needs to be done to determine whether there is any cause and effect relationship. Thus, at this time, there is no recommended change in clinical practice. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320902903 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] An association of intrapartum synthetic oxytocin dosing and the odds of developing autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen M. SOLTYS, Auteur ; Jill Rose SCHERBEL, Auteur ; Joseph R. KURIAN, Auteur ; Todd DIEBOLD, Auteur ; Teresa WILSON, Auteur ; Lindsay HEDDEN, Auteur ; Kathleen GROESCH, Auteur ; Paula L. DIAZ-SYLVESTER, Auteur ; Albert BOTCHWAY, Auteur ; Pamela CAMPBELL, Auteur ; Julio Ricardo LORET DE MOLA, Auteur . - p.1400-1410. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1400-1410 Mots-clés : Cesarean  autism spectrum disorders  labor  oxytocin Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Oxytocin is a hormone naturally produced in the human body that can make the womb (uterus) contract during labor. Manufactured oxytocin is frequently given to mothers in labor to strengthen the contractions or in some cases to start labor. This study compared children with a diagnosis of autism and children without autism to see whether children with autism received more oxytocin during labor. The odds of a child having an autism diagnosis were significantly higher if the delivery was a first-time Cesarean section, if the mother had a body mass index of 35 or higher, or if the reason for delivery were a range of fetal problems that made delivery necessary. It was found that boys who were exposed to oxytocin for longer periods of time during labor and received higher total doses of oxytocin had significantly higher odds of developing autism. There were no significant associations of oxytocin dosing and autism noted in female children. As this is the first study to look at any relationship between the dose of oxytocin received during labor and the odds of developing autism, further study needs to be done to determine whether there is any cause and effect relationship. Thus, at this time, there is no recommended change in clinical practice. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320902903 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community / Vanessa ZERVOGIANNI in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1411-1422 Titre : A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vanessa ZERVOGIANNI, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Gerardo HERRERA, Auteur ; Matthew GOODWIN, Auteur ; Patricia PÉREZ-FUSTER, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Ouriel GRYNSZPAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1411-1422 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Delphi study  autism  co-development  digital support  evidence-based practice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Digital supports are any type of technologies that have been intentionally developed to improve daily living in some way. A wide array of digital supports (such as apps) have been developed for the autism community specifically, but there is little or no evidence of whether they work or not. This study sought to identify what types of evidence the autistic community valued and wanted to see provided to enable an informed choice to be made regarding digital supports. A consensus was developed between autistic people and their families, practitioners (such as therapists and teachers) as well as researchers, to identify the core aspects of evidence that everyone agreed were useful. In all, 27 people reached agreement on three categories for which evidence is required: reliability, engagement and the effectiveness of the technology. Consensus was also reached on four key sources of evidence for these three categories: hands-on experience, academic sources, expert views and online reviews. The resulting framework allows for any technology to be evaluated for the level of evidence identifying how effective it is. The framework can be used by autistic people, their families, practitioners and researchers to ensure that decisions concerning the provision of support for autistic people is informed by evidence, that is, 'evidence-based practice'. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319898331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] A framework of evidence-based practice for digital support, co-developed with and for the autism community [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vanessa ZERVOGIANNI, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur ; Gerardo HERRERA, Auteur ; Matthew GOODWIN, Auteur ; Patricia PÉREZ-FUSTER, Auteur ; Mark BROSNAN, Auteur ; Ouriel GRYNSZPAN, Auteur . - p.1411-1422. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1411-1422 Mots-clés : Delphi study  autism  co-development  digital support  evidence-based practice Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Digital supports are any type of technologies that have been intentionally developed to improve daily living in some way. A wide array of digital supports (such as apps) have been developed for the autism community specifically, but there is little or no evidence of whether they work or not. This study sought to identify what types of evidence the autistic community valued and wanted to see provided to enable an informed choice to be made regarding digital supports. A consensus was developed between autistic people and their families, practitioners (such as therapists and teachers) as well as researchers, to identify the core aspects of evidence that everyone agreed were useful. In all, 27 people reached agreement on three categories for which evidence is required: reliability, engagement and the effectiveness of the technology. Consensus was also reached on four key sources of evidence for these three categories: hands-on experience, academic sources, expert views and online reviews. The resulting framework allows for any technology to be evaluated for the level of evidence identifying how effective it is. The framework can be used by autistic people, their families, practitioners and researchers to ensure that decisions concerning the provision of support for autistic people is informed by evidence, that is, 'evidence-based practice'. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319898331 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

'When my autism broke': A qualitative study spotlighting autistic voices on menopause / Rachel L. MOSELEY in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1423-1437 Titre : 'When my autism broke': A qualitative study spotlighting autistic voices on menopause Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; Tanya DRUCE, Auteur ; Julie M. TURNER-COBB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1423-1437 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autistic people  autistic women  climacteric syndrome  knowledge  menopause  perimenopause  reproductive lifespan  sensory sensitivity  support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic girls are known to struggle with the onset of menstruation, reporting that during their period, sensory sensitivities are heightened, it becomes more difficult to think clearly and control their emotions and they struggle more with everyday life and self-care. Yet surprisingly, nothing is known about how autistic women handle the menopausal transition in midlife. In non-autistic women, the menopause brings many physical changes and challenging symptoms from hot flushes to feeling more anxious and depressed. Because autistic women are already vulnerable to suicide, poor physical and mental health, and because they may already struggle with planning, controlling their emotions and coping with change, the menopause may be an especially challenging time. Yet, not one single study exists on the menopause in autism, so we conducted an online discussion (focus group) with seven autistic women. They confirmed that very little is known about menopause in autistic people, very little support is available and that menopause might be especially difficult for autistic people. Autism-related difficulties (including sensory sensitivity, socializing with others and communicating needs) were reported to worsen during the menopause, often so dramatically that some participants suggested they found it impossible to continue to mask their struggles. Participants also reported having extreme meltdowns, experiencing anxiety and depression, and feeling suicidal. This study highlights how important it is that professionals pay attention to menopause in autism, and discusses future research directions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319901184 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] 'When my autism broke': A qualitative study spotlighting autistic voices on menopause [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel L. MOSELEY, Auteur ; Tanya DRUCE, Auteur ; Julie M. TURNER-COBB, Auteur . - p.1423-1437. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1423-1437 Mots-clés : autistic people  autistic women  climacteric syndrome  knowledge  menopause  perimenopause  reproductive lifespan  sensory sensitivity  support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic girls are known to struggle with the onset of menstruation, reporting that during their period, sensory sensitivities are heightened, it becomes more difficult to think clearly and control their emotions and they struggle more with everyday life and self-care. Yet surprisingly, nothing is known about how autistic women handle the menopausal transition in midlife. In non-autistic women, the menopause brings many physical changes and challenging symptoms from hot flushes to feeling more anxious and depressed. Because autistic women are already vulnerable to suicide, poor physical and mental health, and because they may already struggle with planning, controlling their emotions and coping with change, the menopause may be an especially challenging time. Yet, not one single study exists on the menopause in autism, so we conducted an online discussion (focus group) with seven autistic women. They confirmed that very little is known about menopause in autistic people, very little support is available and that menopause might be especially difficult for autistic people. Autism-related difficulties (including sensory sensitivity, socializing with others and communicating needs) were reported to worsen during the menopause, often so dramatically that some participants suggested they found it impossible to continue to mask their struggles. Participants also reported having extreme meltdowns, experiencing anxiety and depression, and feeling suicidal. This study highlights how important it is that professionals pay attention to menopause in autism, and discusses future research directions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319901184 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

'I never realised everybody felt as happy as I do when I am around autistic people': A thematic analysis of autistic adults' relationships with autistic and neurotypical friends and family / Catherine J. CROMPTON in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1438-1448 Titre : 'I never realised everybody felt as happy as I do when I am around autistic people': A thematic analysis of autistic adults' relationships with autistic and neurotypical friends and family Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine J. CROMPTON, Auteur ; Sonny HALLETT, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Emma FLYNN, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1438-1448 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  mental health  neurodiversity  peer support  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although autistic people may struggle to interact with others, many autistic people have said they find interacting with other autistic people more comfortable. To find out whether this was a common experience, we did hour-long interviews with 12 autistic adults. We asked them questions about how it feels when spending time with their friends and family, and whether it felt different depending on whether the friends and family were autistic or neurotypical. We analysed the interviews and found three common themes in what our participants said. First, they found spending with other autistic people easier and more comfortable than spending time with neurotypical people, and felt they were better understood by other autistic people. Second, autistic people often felt they were in a social minority, and in order to spend time with neurotypical friends and family, they had to conform with what the neurotypical people wanted and were used to. Third, autistic people felt like they belonged with other autistic people and that they could be themselves around them. These findings show that having time with autistic friends and family can be very beneficial for autistic people and played an important role in a happy social life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908976 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] 'I never realised everybody felt as happy as I do when I am around autistic people': A thematic analysis of autistic adults' relationships with autistic and neurotypical friends and family [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine J. CROMPTON, Auteur ; Sonny HALLETT, Auteur ; Danielle ROPAR, Auteur ; Emma FLYNN, Auteur ; Sue FLETCHER-WATSON, Auteur . - p.1438-1448. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1438-1448 Mots-clés : autism  mental health  neurodiversity  peer support  social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although autistic people may struggle to interact with others, many autistic people have said they find interacting with other autistic people more comfortable. To find out whether this was a common experience, we did hour-long interviews with 12 autistic adults. We asked them questions about how it feels when spending time with their friends and family, and whether it felt different depending on whether the friends and family were autistic or neurotypical. We analysed the interviews and found three common themes in what our participants said. First, they found spending with other autistic people easier and more comfortable than spending time with neurotypical people, and felt they were better understood by other autistic people. Second, autistic people often felt they were in a social minority, and in order to spend time with neurotypical friends and family, they had to conform with what the neurotypical people wanted and were used to. Third, autistic people felt like they belonged with other autistic people and that they could be themselves around them. These findings show that having time with autistic friends and family can be very beneficial for autistic people and played an important role in a happy social life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908976 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims / Katie MARAS in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1449-1467 Titre : The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Coral J. DANDO, Auteur ; Heather STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Sebastian GAIGG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1449-1467 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Criminal Justice System  autism  event segmentation  interviewing  memory  narratives  police  support  victim  witness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people may be more likely to be interviewed by police as a victim/witness, yet they experience social communication difficulties alongside specific memory difficulties that can impact their ability to recall information from memory. Police interviewing techniques do not take account of these differences, and so are often ineffective. We developed a new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses, referred to a Witness-Aimed First Account, which was designed to better support differences in the way that autistic witnesses process information in memory. The Witness-Aimed First Account technique encourages witnesses to first segment the witnessed event into discrete, parameter-bound event topics, which are then displayed on post-it notes while the witness goes onto freely recall as much information as they can from within each parameter-bound topic in turn. Since witnessed events are rarely cohesive stories with a logical chain of events, we also explored autistic and non-autistic witnesses' recall when the events were witnessed in a random (nonsensical) order. Thirty-three autistic and 30 typically developing participants were interviewed about their memory for two videos depicting criminal events. Clip segments of one video were 'scrambled', disrupting the event's narrative structure; the other video was watched intact. Although both autistic and non-autistic witnesses recalled fewer details with less accuracy from the scrambled video, Witness-Aimed First Account interviews resulted in more detailed and accurate recall from both autistic and non-autistic witnesses, for both scrambled and unscrambled videos. The Witness-Aimed First Account technique may be a useful tool to improve witnesses' accounts within a legally appropriate, non-leading framework. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908986 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] The Witness-Aimed First Account (WAFA): A new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses and victims [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Coral J. DANDO, Auteur ; Heather STEPHENSON, Auteur ; Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Sebastian GAIGG, Auteur . - p.1449-1467. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1449-1467 Mots-clés : Criminal Justice System  autism  event segmentation  interviewing  memory  narratives  police  support  victim  witness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people may be more likely to be interviewed by police as a victim/witness, yet they experience social communication difficulties alongside specific memory difficulties that can impact their ability to recall information from memory. Police interviewing techniques do not take account of these differences, and so are often ineffective. We developed a new technique for interviewing autistic witnesses, referred to a Witness-Aimed First Account, which was designed to better support differences in the way that autistic witnesses process information in memory. The Witness-Aimed First Account technique encourages witnesses to first segment the witnessed event into discrete, parameter-bound event topics, which are then displayed on post-it notes while the witness goes onto freely recall as much information as they can from within each parameter-bound topic in turn. Since witnessed events are rarely cohesive stories with a logical chain of events, we also explored autistic and non-autistic witnesses' recall when the events were witnessed in a random (nonsensical) order. Thirty-three autistic and 30 typically developing participants were interviewed about their memory for two videos depicting criminal events. Clip segments of one video were 'scrambled', disrupting the event's narrative structure; the other video was watched intact. Although both autistic and non-autistic witnesses recalled fewer details with less accuracy from the scrambled video, Witness-Aimed First Account interviews resulted in more detailed and accurate recall from both autistic and non-autistic witnesses, for both scrambled and unscrambled videos. The Witness-Aimed First Account technique may be a useful tool to improve witnesses' accounts within a legally appropriate, non-leading framework. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908986 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Randomized controlled trial of a sibling support group: Mental health outcomes for siblings of children with autism / Emily A. JONES in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1468-1481 Titre : Randomized controlled trial of a sibling support group: Mental health outcomes for siblings of children with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emily A. JONES, Auteur ; Theresa FIANI, Auteur ; Jennifer L. STEWART, Auteur ; Nicole NEIL, Auteur ; Susan MCHUGH, Auteur ; Daniel M. FIENUP, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1468-1481 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  mental health  sibling adjustment  support group  typically developing siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing siblings of a child with autism spectrum disorder may show mental health difficulties. A support group is one approach to help typically developing siblings. During support groups, typically developing siblings discuss their feelings, learn coping strategies and problem-solving skills, and develop a peer network. We compared a support group to participation in a similar group without a focus on the sibling with autism spectrum disorder. Some areas of mental health improved. Improvements were also impacted by autism spectrum disorder symptom severity in the sibling with autism spectrum disorder. Findings suggest continuing to examine how support groups can help typically developing siblings and for which siblings support groups might be particularly effective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908979 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Randomized controlled trial of a sibling support group: Mental health outcomes for siblings of children with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emily A. JONES, Auteur ; Theresa FIANI, Auteur ; Jennifer L. STEWART, Auteur ; Nicole NEIL, Auteur ; Susan MCHUGH, Auteur ; Daniel M. FIENUP, Auteur . - p.1468-1481. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1468-1481 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  mental health  sibling adjustment  support group  typically developing siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Typically developing siblings of a child with autism spectrum disorder may show mental health difficulties. A support group is one approach to help typically developing siblings. During support groups, typically developing siblings discuss their feelings, learn coping strategies and problem-solving skills, and develop a peer network. We compared a support group to participation in a similar group without a focus on the sibling with autism spectrum disorder. Some areas of mental health improved. Improvements were also impacted by autism spectrum disorder symptom severity in the sibling with autism spectrum disorder. Findings suggest continuing to examine how support groups can help typically developing siblings and for which siblings support groups might be particularly effective. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908979 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

How accurate are autistic adults and those high in autistic traits at making face-to-face line-of-sight judgements? / Megan FREETH in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1482-1493 Titre : How accurate are autistic adults and those high in autistic traits at making face-to-face line-of-sight judgements? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megan FREETH, Auteur ; Emma MORGAN, Auteur ; Patricia BUGEMBE, Auteur ; Aaron BROWN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1482-1493 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autistic traits  ecological validity  gaze following  line-of-sight judgements  social cognition and social behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In order to effectively understand and consider what others are talking about, we sometimes need to follow their line-of-sight to the location at which they are looking, as this can provide important contextual information regarding what they are saying. If we are not able to follow other people's line-of-sight, this could result in social communication difficulties. Here we tested how effectively autistic and neurotypical adults are at following a social partner's line-of-sight during a face-to-face task. In a first study, completed by 14 autistic adult participants of average to above-average verbal ability and 14 neurotypical adult participants, we found that all participants were able to effectively follow the social partner's line-of-sight. We also found that participants tended to be as effective at making these judgements from both a brief, 1s, glance or a long, 5s, stare. However, autistic adults were less accurate, on average, than neurotypical adults overall. In a second study, a separate group of 65 neurotypical adults completed the same line-of-sight judgement task to investigate whether task performance was related to individual variation in self-reported autistic traits. This found that the amount of self-reported autistic traits was not at all related to people's ability to accurately make line-of-sight judgements. This research isolates and furthers our understanding of an important component part of the social communication process and assesses it in a real-world context. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909176 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] How accurate are autistic adults and those high in autistic traits at making face-to-face line-of-sight judgements? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megan FREETH, Auteur ; Emma MORGAN, Auteur ; Patricia BUGEMBE, Auteur ; Aaron BROWN, Auteur . - p.1482-1493. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1482-1493 Mots-clés : autism  autistic traits  ecological validity  gaze following  line-of-sight judgements  social cognition and social behaviour Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In order to effectively understand and consider what others are talking about, we sometimes need to follow their line-of-sight to the location at which they are looking, as this can provide important contextual information regarding what they are saying. If we are not able to follow other people's line-of-sight, this could result in social communication difficulties. Here we tested how effectively autistic and neurotypical adults are at following a social partner's line-of-sight during a face-to-face task. In a first study, completed by 14 autistic adult participants of average to above-average verbal ability and 14 neurotypical adult participants, we found that all participants were able to effectively follow the social partner's line-of-sight. We also found that participants tended to be as effective at making these judgements from both a brief, 1s, glance or a long, 5s, stare. However, autistic adults were less accurate, on average, than neurotypical adults overall. In a second study, a separate group of 65 neurotypical adults completed the same line-of-sight judgement task to investigate whether task performance was related to individual variation in self-reported autistic traits. This found that the amount of self-reported autistic traits was not at all related to people's ability to accurately make line-of-sight judgements. This research isolates and furthers our understanding of an important component part of the social communication process and assesses it in a real-world context. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909176 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Facilitating sensorimotor integration via blocked practice underpins imitation learning of atypical biological kinematics in autism spectrum disorder / Nathan C. FOSTER in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1494-1505 Titre : Facilitating sensorimotor integration via blocked practice underpins imitation learning of atypical biological kinematics in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nathan C. FOSTER, Auteur ; Simon J. BENNETT, Auteur ; Joe CAUSER, Auteur ; Digby ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Spencer J. HAYES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1494-1505 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  biological motion kinematics  blocked practice  imitation  sensorimotor integration Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people sometimes find it difficult to copy another person's movement accurately, especially if the movement is unfamiliar or novel (e.g. to use chop sticks). In this study, we found that autistic people were generally less accurate at copying a novel movement than non-autistic people. However, by making a small adjustment and asking people to copy this movement for a set number of attempts in a predictable manner, we showed that autistic people did successfully learn to copy a new movement. This is a very important finding for autistic people because rather than thinking they cannot copy new movements, all that needs to be considered is for parents/guardians, teachers and/or support workers to make a small adjustment so that learning occurs in a predictable manner for new skills to be successfully acquired through copying. The implications from this study are wide-ranging as copying (imitation) and motor learning are important developmental processes for autistic infants and children to acquire in order to interact within the world. Therefore, practising these behaviours in the most effective way can certainly help the developmental pathway. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Facilitating sensorimotor integration via blocked practice underpins imitation learning of atypical biological kinematics in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nathan C. FOSTER, Auteur ; Simon J. BENNETT, Auteur ; Joe CAUSER, Auteur ; Digby ELLIOTT, Auteur ; Geoffrey BIRD, Auteur ; Spencer J. HAYES, Auteur . - p.1494-1505. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1494-1505 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  biological motion kinematics  blocked practice  imitation  sensorimotor integration Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people sometimes find it difficult to copy another person's movement accurately, especially if the movement is unfamiliar or novel (e.g. to use chop sticks). In this study, we found that autistic people were generally less accurate at copying a novel movement than non-autistic people. However, by making a small adjustment and asking people to copy this movement for a set number of attempts in a predictable manner, we showed that autistic people did successfully learn to copy a new movement. This is a very important finding for autistic people because rather than thinking they cannot copy new movements, all that needs to be considered is for parents/guardians, teachers and/or support workers to make a small adjustment so that learning occurs in a predictable manner for new skills to be successfully acquired through copying. The implications from this study are wide-ranging as copying (imitation) and motor learning are important developmental processes for autistic infants and children to acquire in order to interact within the world. Therefore, practising these behaviours in the most effective way can certainly help the developmental pathway. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908104 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Interviewing autistic adults: Adaptations to support recall in police, employment, and healthcare interviews / Jade Eloise NORRIS in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1506-1520 Titre : Interviewing autistic adults: Adaptations to support recall in police, employment, and healthcare interviews Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katie MARAS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1506-1520 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  criminal justice system  employment  episodic  healthcare  interviewing  memory  preparation  recall  task support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : During many types of interviews (e.g. in employment, with the police, and in healthcare), we need to recall detailed memories of specific events, which can be difficult for autistic people in response to commonly used questions. This is especially because these tend to be open questions (i.e. very broad). Autistic people have disproportionately high rates of physical and mental health conditions, are more likely to interact with police, and are the most underemployed disability group. However, interviewers are often unsure about how to adapt their communication for autistic people.Our research tested whether different types of prompts enabled autistic people to recall specific memories (memories of a single event within one day). Participants were asked about situations relating to witnessing a crime (e.g. at the bank), physical or mental health scenarios and employment interviews (e.g. a time you've met a deadline).We tested the following:Open questions: basic questions only (e.g. 'tell me about a time you went to the cinema'),Semantic prompting: a general prompt (e.g. 'do you enjoy going to the cinema?') before asking for a specific instance ('tell me about a time you went to the cinema?'),Visual-verbal prompting: asking participants to recall when it happened, who was there, the actions that occurred, the setting, and any objects.With visual-verbal prompting, autistic and typically developing participants' memories were more specific and detailed. Semantic prompting was also effective for employment questions. Our study shows that autistic people can recall specific memories when they are appropriately prompted. Visual-verbal prompting may be effective across different situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909174 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Interviewing autistic adults: Adaptations to support recall in police, employment, and healthcare interviews [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Laura CRANE, Auteur ; Katie MARAS, Auteur . - p.1506-1520. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1506-1520 Mots-clés : autism  criminal justice system  employment  episodic  healthcare  interviewing  memory  preparation  recall  task support Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : During many types of interviews (e.g. in employment, with the police, and in healthcare), we need to recall detailed memories of specific events, which can be difficult for autistic people in response to commonly used questions. This is especially because these tend to be open questions (i.e. very broad). Autistic people have disproportionately high rates of physical and mental health conditions, are more likely to interact with police, and are the most underemployed disability group. However, interviewers are often unsure about how to adapt their communication for autistic people.Our research tested whether different types of prompts enabled autistic people to recall specific memories (memories of a single event within one day). Participants were asked about situations relating to witnessing a crime (e.g. at the bank), physical or mental health scenarios and employment interviews (e.g. a time you've met a deadline).We tested the following:Open questions: basic questions only (e.g. 'tell me about a time you went to the cinema'),Semantic prompting: a general prompt (e.g. 'do you enjoy going to the cinema?') before asking for a specific instance ('tell me about a time you went to the cinema?'),Visual-verbal prompting: asking participants to recall when it happened, who was there, the actions that occurred, the setting, and any objects.With visual-verbal prompting, autistic and typically developing participants' memories were more specific and detailed. Semantic prompting was also effective for employment questions. Our study shows that autistic people can recall specific memories when they are appropriately prompted. Visual-verbal prompting may be effective across different situations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320909174 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

A qualitative study on perspective of parents of children with autism on the nature of parent-professional relationship in Kerala, India / Rajani RAMACHANDRAN in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1521-1530 Titre : A qualitative study on perspective of parents of children with autism on the nature of parent-professional relationship in Kerala, India Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rajani RAMACHANDRAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1521-1530 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : India  autism  parent–professional relationship  qualitative research  therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored the nature of relationship between parents of children with autism and professionals who provide therapy-based services for autism in Kerala, India. Given the shortage of professionally qualified therapists and educators (particularly in the case of autism) in low- and medium-income countries, parent-mediated interventions where professionals and parents work as partners are recommended as an effective means to meet the demand. However, for parent-mediated interventions to be effective, we first need to understand the customary nature of parent-professional relationship and develop the intervention accordingly. It is within this context that parents of 21 children with autism whose age ranged between 5.8 and 17.3?years were interviewed in order to understand the customary nature of parent-professional relationship. There was a dearth of scheduled, in-depth, and personalized one-on-one interaction between the parent and the professional. Though parents were involved hands on in their child's training under professional direction, they remained mere information providers in decision making. The parent-professional relationship did not nurture parent's self efficacy. This led to parents feeling inadequate to provide for their child's developmental needs and being apprehensive about adulthood. The customary nature of parent-professional relationship observed may be a reflection of the collectivist culture in India. The findings suggest that parent-mediated interventions will need to focus on enabling parents to break cultural barriers that might be holding them back from partnering with professionals as equals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320912156 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] A qualitative study on perspective of parents of children with autism on the nature of parent-professional relationship in Kerala, India [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rajani RAMACHANDRAN, Auteur . - p.1521-1530. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1521-1530 Mots-clés : India  autism  parent–professional relationship  qualitative research  therapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study explored the nature of relationship between parents of children with autism and professionals who provide therapy-based services for autism in Kerala, India. Given the shortage of professionally qualified therapists and educators (particularly in the case of autism) in low- and medium-income countries, parent-mediated interventions where professionals and parents work as partners are recommended as an effective means to meet the demand. However, for parent-mediated interventions to be effective, we first need to understand the customary nature of parent-professional relationship and develop the intervention accordingly. It is within this context that parents of 21 children with autism whose age ranged between 5.8 and 17.3?years were interviewed in order to understand the customary nature of parent-professional relationship. There was a dearth of scheduled, in-depth, and personalized one-on-one interaction between the parent and the professional. Though parents were involved hands on in their child's training under professional direction, they remained mere information providers in decision making. The parent-professional relationship did not nurture parent's self efficacy. This led to parents feeling inadequate to provide for their child's developmental needs and being apprehensive about adulthood. The customary nature of parent-professional relationship observed may be a reflection of the collectivist culture in India. The findings suggest that parent-mediated interventions will need to focus on enabling parents to break cultural barriers that might be holding them back from partnering with professionals as equals. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320912156 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Public knowledge and stigma of autism spectrum disorder: Comparing China with the United States / Luodi YU in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1531-1545 Titre : Public knowledge and stigma of autism spectrum disorder: Comparing China with the United States Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Luodi YU, Auteur ; Sheri T. STRONACH, Auteur ; Ashley J. HARRISON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1531-1545 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism knowledge  autism spectrum disorder  awareness  cross-cultural comparison  stigma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder in China differs considerably from autism spectrum disorder in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities, and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of autism spectrum disorder awareness could be a key factor underlying the disparities. To date, there has been no evaluation of autism spectrum disorder knowledge among the general public of China. Using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire developed for use in diverse cultural contexts, this study uncovered profoundly different public views about autism spectrum disorder in China compared with the United States. Determined by cognitive diagnosis modeling, 86%-91% of the surveyed U.S. citizens (N?=?1127) achieved adequate autism spectrum disorder knowledge in diagnosis/symptoms, etiology, and treatment, whereas for the Chinese citizens (N?=?1254) the percentages were only 57%-65%. Moreover, 14% of the participants from the United States were classified to endorse autism spectrum disorder stigma; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese participants endorsed autism spectrum disorder stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed knowledge deficits primarily in the areas of autism spectrum disorder core symptoms, comorbid intellectual impairment, and prognosis. Sociodemographic factors associated with the Chinese citizen's misconceptions included gender, ethnicity, social economic factors, among others. These results have important implications for increasing public awareness and promoting community participation for autistic individuals in China.Lay abstractASD in China differs considerably from ASD in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of ASD awareness could be a key factor underlying these disparities. We asked 1127 U.S. citizens and 1254 Chinese citizens about their autism knowledge using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire (ASK-Q).The results indicated profoundly different public views about ASD in China compared to the U.S. Specifically, only 57%-65% of the Chinese citizens demonstrated adequate ASD knowledge compared to 86%-91% in the U.S. citizens. Fourteen percent of the U.S. citizens were shown to hold stigma beliefs towards ASD; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese citizens indicated ASD stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed misconceptions about ASD related to symptoms, causes, and possible long-term outcomes. In China but not in the U.S., male citizens and citizens with lower social economic status were more likely to have misconceptions about ASD than others were. The findings of this research can help increase public awareness about ASD and create a more inclusive environment for autistic people in China. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900839 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Public knowledge and stigma of autism spectrum disorder: Comparing China with the United States [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Luodi YU, Auteur ; Sheri T. STRONACH, Auteur ; Ashley J. HARRISON, Auteur . - p.1531-1545. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1531-1545 Mots-clés : autism knowledge  autism spectrum disorder  awareness  cross-cultural comparison  stigma Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder in China differs considerably from autism spectrum disorder in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities, and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of autism spectrum disorder awareness could be a key factor underlying the disparities. To date, there has been no evaluation of autism spectrum disorder knowledge among the general public of China. Using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire developed for use in diverse cultural contexts, this study uncovered profoundly different public views about autism spectrum disorder in China compared with the United States. Determined by cognitive diagnosis modeling, 86%-91% of the surveyed U.S. citizens (N?=?1127) achieved adequate autism spectrum disorder knowledge in diagnosis/symptoms, etiology, and treatment, whereas for the Chinese citizens (N?=?1254) the percentages were only 57%-65%. Moreover, 14% of the participants from the United States were classified to endorse autism spectrum disorder stigma; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese participants endorsed autism spectrum disorder stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed knowledge deficits primarily in the areas of autism spectrum disorder core symptoms, comorbid intellectual impairment, and prognosis. Sociodemographic factors associated with the Chinese citizen's misconceptions included gender, ethnicity, social economic factors, among others. These results have important implications for increasing public awareness and promoting community participation for autistic individuals in China.Lay abstractASD in China differs considerably from ASD in the West in terms of prevalence estimates, education opportunities and life outcomes of autistic people. The lack of ASD awareness could be a key factor underlying these disparities. We asked 1127 U.S. citizens and 1254 Chinese citizens about their autism knowledge using the Autism Stigma and Knowledge Questionnaire (ASK-Q).The results indicated profoundly different public views about ASD in China compared to the U.S. Specifically, only 57%-65% of the Chinese citizens demonstrated adequate ASD knowledge compared to 86%-91% in the U.S. citizens. Fourteen percent of the U.S. citizens were shown to hold stigma beliefs towards ASD; in comparison, 38% of the Chinese citizens indicated ASD stigma. The Chinese citizens displayed misconceptions about ASD related to symptoms, causes, and possible long-term outcomes. In China but not in the U.S., male citizens and citizens with lower social economic status were more likely to have misconceptions about ASD than others were. The findings of this research can help increase public awareness about ASD and create a more inclusive environment for autistic people in China. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319900839 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

When the mask comes off: Mothers' experiences of parenting a daughter with autism spectrum condition / James ANDERSON in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1546-1556 Titre : When the mask comes off: Mothers' experiences of parenting a daughter with autism spectrum condition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : James ANDERSON, Auteur ; Charles MARLEY, Auteur ; Karri GILLESPIE-SMITH, Auteur ; Leonie CARTER, Auteur ; Ken MACMAHON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1546-1556 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum condition  daughters  girls  interpretative phenomenological analysis  masking  mothers  parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum condition report increased stress and difficulties compared with parents of typically developing children. Our knowledge and understanding of how autism spectrum condition presents in autistic females is currently limited and parents of this population may experience challenges when raising their daughter. Given that mothers are often the main caregiver of a child with autism spectrum condition, they may have useful insights into the experiences of parenting a daughter with autism spectrum condition. Therefore, a qualitative study was undertaken to explore what mothers' experiences are of parenting a daughter with autism spectrum condition. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 mothers of daughters with autism spectrum condition. The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five main themes emerged from the qualitative study ('Girls have autism too', 'She's a chameleon', 'The impact of the diagnosis', 'Impact on mums' and 'Day-to-day life'). The findings of this study expand our current knowledge of the experiences and challenges faced by mothers raising a daughter with autism spectrum condition. Mothers hold a vast amount of knowledge on their daughters' autism spectrum condition which could inform the diagnostic process and clinical practice. Considering these results, it is important that clinicians support mothers and the family system around children with an autism spectrum condition diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913668 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] When the mask comes off: Mothers' experiences of parenting a daughter with autism spectrum condition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / James ANDERSON, Auteur ; Charles MARLEY, Auteur ; Karri GILLESPIE-SMITH, Auteur ; Leonie CARTER, Auteur ; Ken MACMAHON, Auteur . - p.1546-1556. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1546-1556 Mots-clés : autism spectrum condition  daughters  girls  interpretative phenomenological analysis  masking  mothers  parenting Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Parents of children with autism spectrum condition report increased stress and difficulties compared with parents of typically developing children. Our knowledge and understanding of how autism spectrum condition presents in autistic females is currently limited and parents of this population may experience challenges when raising their daughter. Given that mothers are often the main caregiver of a child with autism spectrum condition, they may have useful insights into the experiences of parenting a daughter with autism spectrum condition. Therefore, a qualitative study was undertaken to explore what mothers' experiences are of parenting a daughter with autism spectrum condition. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 mothers of daughters with autism spectrum condition. The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five main themes emerged from the qualitative study ('Girls have autism too', 'She's a chameleon', 'The impact of the diagnosis', 'Impact on mums' and 'Day-to-day life'). The findings of this study expand our current knowledge of the experiences and challenges faced by mothers raising a daughter with autism spectrum condition. Mothers hold a vast amount of knowledge on their daughters' autism spectrum condition which could inform the diagnostic process and clinical practice. Considering these results, it is important that clinicians support mothers and the family system around children with an autism spectrum condition diagnosis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913668 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Determinants of an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence: Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study / Mariko HOSOZAWA in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1557-1565 Titre : Determinants of an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence: Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mariko HOSOZAWA, Auteur ; Amanda SACKER, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Emily MIDOUHAS, Auteur ; Eirini FLOURI, Auteur ; Noriko CABLE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1557-1565 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Millennium Cohort Study  adolescents  autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to identify determinants of a late autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, including diagnoses made 'very late' (i.e., in adolescence), using the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative population-based cohort in the United Kingdom. Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder by age 14 (N?=?581) were included and grouped by the parent-reported timing of diagnosis: before school (up to age 5), during primary school (age 5-11) and during secondary school (age 11-14). Predictors of diagnostic timing, at the child, family and school levels, were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Most (79%) children with autism spectrum disorder were diagnosed after school entry, and 28% were not diagnosed until secondary school. Among those not diagnosed until secondary school, 75% had been identified at age 5?years by a parent and/or teacher as having socio-behavioural difficulties. Being diagnosed after starting school was predicted by living in poverty (adjusted relative risk ratio: primary?=?1.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-3.53; secondary?=?2.15, 1.05-4.42) and/or having no initial parental concerns (primary?=?0.32, 0.15-0.70; secondary?=?0.19, 0.09-0.43). Having typical-range intelligence also predicted diagnosis during secondary school. The result indicates that those without cognitive delays and poorer children were at risk of 'very late' (i.e. adolescent) diagnosis. Strategies to promote earlier identification, targeting age at primary school entry, could help those more likely to be diagnosed late.Lay abstractDespite policy emphasis on early identification, many children with autism spectrum disorder are diagnosed late, with some being diagnosed as late as in adolescence. However, evidence on what determines the timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis including children diagnosed in adolescence is lacking. Understanding these determinants, particularly in those diagnosed later than is ideal, can inform the development of effective strategies to improve earlier identification of autism spectrum disorder. This study used a nationally representative population-based cohort in the United Kingdom to explore child, family and school level predictors of timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. In the United Kingdom, 79% of the children with autism spectrum disorder were diagnosed after entering primary school and 28% during secondary school. Among those not diagnosed until secondary school, 75% had shown social difficulties noticed by parents and/or teachers at age 5?years. The results suggest that healthcare providers should be aware that, even for universal systems of care, those living in poverty and having higher intelligence are most likely to miss out on a timely diagnosis. Strategies to promote earlier identification among school-aged children, including targeting primary school entry age (i.e. around age 5) and that encouraging referrals for a formal assessment at the first report of concerns over the child's social development may benefit those children who would otherwise be diagnosed later. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Determinants of an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in childhood and adolescence: Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mariko HOSOZAWA, Auteur ; Amanda SACKER, Auteur ; William MANDY, Auteur ; Emily MIDOUHAS, Auteur ; Eirini FLOURI, Auteur ; Noriko CABLE, Auteur . - p.1557-1565. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1557-1565 Mots-clés : Millennium Cohort Study  adolescents  autism spectrum disorder  diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to identify determinants of a late autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, including diagnoses made 'very late' (i.e., in adolescence), using the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative population-based cohort in the United Kingdom. Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder by age 14 (N?=?581) were included and grouped by the parent-reported timing of diagnosis: before school (up to age 5), during primary school (age 5-11) and during secondary school (age 11-14). Predictors of diagnostic timing, at the child, family and school levels, were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Most (79%) children with autism spectrum disorder were diagnosed after school entry, and 28% were not diagnosed until secondary school. Among those not diagnosed until secondary school, 75% had been identified at age 5?years by a parent and/or teacher as having socio-behavioural difficulties. Being diagnosed after starting school was predicted by living in poverty (adjusted relative risk ratio: primary?=?1.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-3.53; secondary?=?2.15, 1.05-4.42) and/or having no initial parental concerns (primary?=?0.32, 0.15-0.70; secondary?=?0.19, 0.09-0.43). Having typical-range intelligence also predicted diagnosis during secondary school. The result indicates that those without cognitive delays and poorer children were at risk of 'very late' (i.e. adolescent) diagnosis. Strategies to promote earlier identification, targeting age at primary school entry, could help those more likely to be diagnosed late.Lay abstractDespite policy emphasis on early identification, many children with autism spectrum disorder are diagnosed late, with some being diagnosed as late as in adolescence. However, evidence on what determines the timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis including children diagnosed in adolescence is lacking. Understanding these determinants, particularly in those diagnosed later than is ideal, can inform the development of effective strategies to improve earlier identification of autism spectrum disorder. This study used a nationally representative population-based cohort in the United Kingdom to explore child, family and school level predictors of timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. In the United Kingdom, 79% of the children with autism spectrum disorder were diagnosed after entering primary school and 28% during secondary school. Among those not diagnosed until secondary school, 75% had shown social difficulties noticed by parents and/or teachers at age 5?years. The results suggest that healthcare providers should be aware that, even for universal systems of care, those living in poverty and having higher intelligence are most likely to miss out on a timely diagnosis. Strategies to promote earlier identification among school-aged children, including targeting primary school entry age (i.e. around age 5) and that encouraging referrals for a formal assessment at the first report of concerns over the child's social development may benefit those children who would otherwise be diagnosed later. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320913671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Effects of pivotal response treatment on reciprocal vocal contingency in a randomized controlled trial of children with autism spectrum disorder / Jena MCDANIEL in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1566-1571 Titre : Effects of pivotal response treatment on reciprocal vocal contingency in a randomized controlled trial of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jena MCDANIEL, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur ; Madison CRANDALL, Auteur ; Maria Estefania MILLAN, Auteur ; Christina M. ARDEL, Auteur ; Grace W. GENGOUX, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1566-1571 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  communication and language  interventions–psychosocial/behavioral  pre-school children  design, analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript  PY conceived the study,  participated in the study design, helped interpret the data, and helped draft the  manuscript  MC participated in the study design and analyzed the data  MEM collected  the data and helped interpret the data  CMA collected the data and helped interpret  the data  GWG and AYH conceived the study, participated in the study design,  supervised data collection, and helped interpret the data. All authors read and  approved the final manuscript. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A recent randomized controlled trial found that children with autism spectrum disorder who received a pivotal response treatment package showed improved language and social communication skills following the intervention. The pivotal response treatment package includes clinician-delivered and parent-implemented strategies. Reciprocal vocal contingency is an automated measure of vocal reciprocity derived from daylong audio samples from the child's natural environment. It may provide stronger and complementary evidence of the effects of the pivotal response treatment package because it is at lower risk for detection bias than parent report and brief parent-child interaction measures. The current study compared reciprocal vocal contingency for 24 children with autism spectrum disorder in the pivotal response treatment package group and 24 children with autism spectrum disorder in the control group. The pivotal response treatment package group received 24?weeks of the pivotal response treatment package intervention. The control group received their usual intervention services during that time. The groups did not differ in reciprocal vocal contingency when the intervention started or after 12?weeks of intervention. However, after 24?weeks the pivotal response treatment package group had higher ranked reciprocal vocal contingency scores than the control group. These findings are consistent with results from parent report and parent-child interaction measures obtained during the trial. The participants in the pivotal response treatment package exhibited greater vocal responsiveness to adult vocal responses to their vocalizations than the control group. Findings support the effectiveness of the pivotal response treatment package on vocal reciprocity of children with autism spectrum disorder, which may be a pivotal skill for language development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320903138 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Effects of pivotal response treatment on reciprocal vocal contingency in a randomized controlled trial of children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jena MCDANIEL, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur ; Madison CRANDALL, Auteur ; Maria Estefania MILLAN, Auteur ; Christina M. ARDEL, Auteur ; Grace W. GENGOUX, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur . - p.1566-1571. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1566-1571 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  communication and language  interventions–psychosocial/behavioral  pre-school children  design, analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript  PY conceived the study,  participated in the study design, helped interpret the data, and helped draft the  manuscript  MC participated in the study design and analyzed the data  MEM collected  the data and helped interpret the data  CMA collected the data and helped interpret  the data  GWG and AYH conceived the study, participated in the study design,  supervised data collection, and helped interpret the data. All authors read and  approved the final manuscript. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A recent randomized controlled trial found that children with autism spectrum disorder who received a pivotal response treatment package showed improved language and social communication skills following the intervention. The pivotal response treatment package includes clinician-delivered and parent-implemented strategies. Reciprocal vocal contingency is an automated measure of vocal reciprocity derived from daylong audio samples from the child's natural environment. It may provide stronger and complementary evidence of the effects of the pivotal response treatment package because it is at lower risk for detection bias than parent report and brief parent-child interaction measures. The current study compared reciprocal vocal contingency for 24 children with autism spectrum disorder in the pivotal response treatment package group and 24 children with autism spectrum disorder in the control group. The pivotal response treatment package group received 24?weeks of the pivotal response treatment package intervention. The control group received their usual intervention services during that time. The groups did not differ in reciprocal vocal contingency when the intervention started or after 12?weeks of intervention. However, after 24?weeks the pivotal response treatment package group had higher ranked reciprocal vocal contingency scores than the control group. These findings are consistent with results from parent report and parent-child interaction measures obtained during the trial. The participants in the pivotal response treatment package exhibited greater vocal responsiveness to adult vocal responses to their vocalizations than the control group. Findings support the effectiveness of the pivotal response treatment package on vocal reciprocity of children with autism spectrum disorder, which may be a pivotal skill for language development. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320903138 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Factor structure and psychometric properties of the brief Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale for adults on the autism spectrum / Ye In Jane HWANG in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1572-1577 Titre : Factor structure and psychometric properties of the brief Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale for adults on the autism spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ye In Jane HWANG, Auteur ; Samuel R. C. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1572-1577 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  factor analysis  mental health  mental wellbeing  resilience  validation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults on the autism spectrum experience high rates of anxiety and depression, and may be particularly vulnerable to difficult and traumatic life experiences, which may contribute to the development and maintenance of these conditions. Resilience is an increasingly popular concept in research, which describes the ability to 'bounce back' following difficult emotional experiences, and the flexibility to adapt to stressful and demanding situations. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale has been used predominantly in studies involving non-autistic adults to measure resilience. While resilience is a potentially important concept for autistic adults, the suitability of the 10-item version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale for use with adults on the spectrum has not yet been studied. In this short report, we investigate whether the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 is a valid measure to use with this population, and its relationship with other measures of mental well- or ill-being. Participants were 95 autistic adults with a mean age of 44 (63% female) who completed measures of resilience, autism symptoms, depression, anxiety and mental wellbeing. Overall, the findings indicate that the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 may be reliably used with autistic adults to measure trait resilience, which is associated with positive wellbeing and may serve as a protective factor from negative mental wellbeing. Future studies may use the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 to investigate resilience as a protective factor from negative mental health outcomes in response to traumatic and adverse emotional events for which autistic individuals may be particularly susceptible. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908095 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Factor structure and psychometric properties of the brief Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale for adults on the autism spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ye In Jane HWANG, Auteur ; Samuel R. C. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Julian TROLLOR, Auteur ; Mirko ULJAREVIC, Auteur . - p.1572-1577. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1572-1577 Mots-clés : adults  factor analysis  mental health  mental wellbeing  resilience  validation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults on the autism spectrum experience high rates of anxiety and depression, and may be particularly vulnerable to difficult and traumatic life experiences, which may contribute to the development and maintenance of these conditions. Resilience is an increasingly popular concept in research, which describes the ability to 'bounce back' following difficult emotional experiences, and the flexibility to adapt to stressful and demanding situations. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale has been used predominantly in studies involving non-autistic adults to measure resilience. While resilience is a potentially important concept for autistic adults, the suitability of the 10-item version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale for use with adults on the spectrum has not yet been studied. In this short report, we investigate whether the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 is a valid measure to use with this population, and its relationship with other measures of mental well- or ill-being. Participants were 95 autistic adults with a mean age of 44 (63% female) who completed measures of resilience, autism symptoms, depression, anxiety and mental wellbeing. Overall, the findings indicate that the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 may be reliably used with autistic adults to measure trait resilience, which is associated with positive wellbeing and may serve as a protective factor from negative mental wellbeing. Future studies may use the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 to investigate resilience as a protective factor from negative mental health outcomes in response to traumatic and adverse emotional events for which autistic individuals may be particularly susceptible. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908095 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Contextual determinants of parental reflective functioning: Children with autism versus their typically developing siblings / Yael ENAV in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1578-1582 Titre : Contextual determinants of parental reflective functioning: Children with autism versus their typically developing siblings Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yael ENAV, Auteur ; Dana ERHARD-WEISS, Auteur ; Amit GOLDENBERG, Auteur ; Marguerite KNUDSTON, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur ; James J. GROSS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1578-1582 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  family functioning and support  parents  reflective functioning  siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this study, we examined parental reflective functioning using the Parental Developmental Interview when parents were talking about their interactions with their child with autism versus the child's typically developing siblings. Our sample included 30 parents who had a child between the ages of 3 and 18?years with a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and at least one typically developing child. Findings indicated that parents exhibited significantly higher reflective functioning when interacting with their child with autism spectrum disorder versus the typically developing siblings, and the difference was moderated by parental self-efficacy. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908096 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Contextual determinants of parental reflective functioning: Children with autism versus their typically developing siblings [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yael ENAV, Auteur ; Dana ERHARD-WEISS, Auteur ; Amit GOLDENBERG, Auteur ; Marguerite KNUDSTON, Auteur ; Antonio Y. HARDAN, Auteur ; James J. GROSS, Auteur . - p.1578-1582. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1578-1582 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  family functioning and support  parents  reflective functioning  siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In this study, we examined parental reflective functioning using the Parental Developmental Interview when parents were talking about their interactions with their child with autism versus the child's typically developing siblings. Our sample included 30 parents who had a child between the ages of 3 and 18?years with a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and at least one typically developing child. Findings indicated that parents exhibited significantly higher reflective functioning when interacting with their child with autism spectrum disorder versus the typically developing siblings, and the difference was moderated by parental self-efficacy. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908096 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428

Erratum in Autism, 24-6 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1583 Titre : Erratum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.1583 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319896198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428 [article] Erratum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.1583. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-6 (August 2020) . - p.1583 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319896198 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=428