Alexithymic and autistic traits differentially predict personality disorder dimensions / Leonie WEINDEL ; Marie-Luise BRANDI ; Imme C. ZILLEKENS ; Lara HENCO ; Hanna THALER ; Lena SCHLIEPHAKE ; Leonhard SCHILBACH in Autism, 29-10 (October 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-10 (October 2025) . - p.2463-2476 Titre : Alexithymic and autistic traits differentially predict personality disorder dimensions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Leonie WEINDEL, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Imme C. ZILLEKENS, Auteur ; Lara HENCO, Auteur ; Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Lena SCHLIEPHAKE, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2463-2476 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : alexithymia  autism  personality disorder dimensions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alexithymia and autism are variably characterized by social cognitive and perceptual deficits, which can lead to profound social interaction difficulties. Such difficulties are also the hallmark of personality disorders (PDs), but the potential link between alexithymia, autism, and PDs remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether autistic and/or alexithymic traits are associated with specific PD dimensions as measured by the Assessment of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) Personality Disorders Questionnaire (ADP-IV). We included individuals with a formal autism diagnosis (AP, n = 89), individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis other than autism (NAP, n = 51), and neurotypical participants (NPs, n = 84). We applied linear regression analyses with autistic and alexithymic traits as predictors and PD dimensions as outcome variables, while controlling for age, depressive, and socially anxious symptoms. While autistic traits predicted the obsessive-compulsive PD dimension, alexithymic traits predicted the borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic traits were both significant predictors of the schizoid PD dimension. Taken together, our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and specific PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism, while alexithymia was differentially linked to the borderline PD dimension.Lay abstract Autistic people have trouble identifying their own emotions and others' emotions. They also struggle to describe their emotions. People with alexithymia have similar difficulties. This can make it hard for autistic and alexithymic people to react appropriately to situations. Some may avoid places, while others may start overthinking. This can lead to patterns of behavior and thinking that limit us in our daily lives. If these patterns become a part of our personality, we may develop a personality disorder (PD). In our study, we looked at whether autistic and alexithymic people have certain PD dimensions. We included autistic participants, non-autistic participants with social-interactive difficulties, and non-autistic participants without social-interactive difficulties. We found that autistic features were linked to obsessive-compulsive PD dimension. Alexithymic features were linked to borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic features were linked to schizoid PD dimension. Our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism. The exception was borderline PD dimension, which was linked to alexithymic traits. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251338650 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=567 [article] Alexithymic and autistic traits differentially predict personality disorder dimensions [texte imprimé] / Leonie WEINDEL, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Imme C. ZILLEKENS, Auteur ; Lara HENCO, Auteur ; Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Lena SCHLIEPHAKE, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur . - p.2463-2476. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-10 (October 2025) . - p.2463-2476 Mots-clés : alexithymia  autism  personality disorder dimensions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Alexithymia and autism are variably characterized by social cognitive and perceptual deficits, which can lead to profound social interaction difficulties. Such difficulties are also the hallmark of personality disorders (PDs), but the potential link between alexithymia, autism, and PDs remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether autistic and/or alexithymic traits are associated with specific PD dimensions as measured by the Assessment of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) Personality Disorders Questionnaire (ADP-IV). We included individuals with a formal autism diagnosis (AP, n = 89), individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis other than autism (NAP, n = 51), and neurotypical participants (NPs, n = 84). We applied linear regression analyses with autistic and alexithymic traits as predictors and PD dimensions as outcome variables, while controlling for age, depressive, and socially anxious symptoms. While autistic traits predicted the obsessive-compulsive PD dimension, alexithymic traits predicted the borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic traits were both significant predictors of the schizoid PD dimension. Taken together, our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and specific PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism, while alexithymia was differentially linked to the borderline PD dimension.Lay abstract Autistic people have trouble identifying their own emotions and others' emotions. They also struggle to describe their emotions. People with alexithymia have similar difficulties. This can make it hard for autistic and alexithymic people to react appropriately to situations. Some may avoid places, while others may start overthinking. This can lead to patterns of behavior and thinking that limit us in our daily lives. If these patterns become a part of our personality, we may develop a personality disorder (PD). In our study, we looked at whether autistic and alexithymic people have certain PD dimensions. We included autistic participants, non-autistic participants with social-interactive difficulties, and non-autistic participants without social-interactive difficulties. We found that autistic features were linked to obsessive-compulsive PD dimension. Alexithymic features were linked to borderline PD dimension. Autistic and alexithymic features were linked to schizoid PD dimension. Our results point toward overlaps between autistic traits and PD dimensions that are well recognized as differential diagnoses of autism. The exception was borderline PD dimension, which was linked to alexithymic traits. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251338650 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=567

Alexithymic and autistic traits: Relevance for comorbid depression and social phobia in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder / Laura ALBANTAKIS in Autism, 24-8 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2046-2056 Titre : Alexithymic and autistic traits: Relevance for comorbid depression and social phobia in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura ALBANTAKIS, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Imme C. ZILLEKENS, Auteur ; Lara HENCO, Auteur ; Leonie WEINDEL, Auteur ; Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Lena SCHLIEPHAKE, Auteur ; Bert TIMMERMANS, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2046-2056 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : *adults  *alexithymia  *autism spectrum disorder  *depression  *psychiatric comorbidity  *social phobia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism often develop mental health problems such as depression and social phobia. The reasons for this are still unclear. Many studies found that alexithymia plays an important role in mental health problems like depression. People with alexithymia have difficulties identifying and describing their emotions. Almost every second person with autism has alexithymia. Therefore, we explored in this study whether alexithymia is linked to worse mental health in autistic people. We looked at two common diagnoses, depression and social phobia. We found that alexithymia increased symptoms of depression, while autistic traits increased symptoms of social phobia. Our results suggest that alexithymia and autistic traits can increase the risk of mental health problems. An early assessment could help prevent mental health problems and improve quality of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320936024 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431 [article] Alexithymic and autistic traits: Relevance for comorbid depression and social phobia in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Laura ALBANTAKIS, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Imme C. ZILLEKENS, Auteur ; Lara HENCO, Auteur ; Leonie WEINDEL, Auteur ; Hanna THALER, Auteur ; Lena SCHLIEPHAKE, Auteur ; Bert TIMMERMANS, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur . - p.2046-2056. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 24-8 (November 2020) . - p.2046-2056 Mots-clés : *adults  *alexithymia  *autism spectrum disorder  *depression  *psychiatric comorbidity  *social phobia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism often develop mental health problems such as depression and social phobia. The reasons for this are still unclear. Many studies found that alexithymia plays an important role in mental health problems like depression. People with alexithymia have difficulties identifying and describing their emotions. Almost every second person with autism has alexithymia. Therefore, we explored in this study whether alexithymia is linked to worse mental health in autistic people. We looked at two common diagnoses, depression and social phobia. We found that alexithymia increased symptoms of depression, while autistic traits increased symptoms of social phobia. Our results suggest that alexithymia and autistic traits can increase the risk of mental health problems. An early assessment could help prevent mental health problems and improve quality of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361320936024 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=431

Autistic Adults Avoid Unpredictability in Decision-Making / Ana MACCHIA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-12 (December 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-12 (December 2025) . - p.4234-4246 Titre : Autistic Adults Avoid Unpredictability in Decision-Making Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ana MACCHIA, Auteur ; Laura ALBANTAKIS, Auteur ; Paul Theo ZEBHAUSER, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur ; Anna-Katharine BREM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4234-4246 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decision-making under unpredictable conditions can cause discomfort in autistic persons due to their preference for predictability. Decision-making impairments might furthermore be associated with a dysregulation of sex and stress hormones. This prospective, cross-sectional study investigated decision-making in 32 autistic participants (AP, 14 female) and 31 non-autistic participants (NAP, 20 female) aged 18-64 years. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Cambridge Risk Task (CRT) were used to assess decision-making under ambiguity and under risk with known outcome probabilities, respectively. Cortisol, estradiol, and testosterone serum levels were related to decision-making performance. Groups did not differ in overall IGT and CRT performance, but compared with NAP, AP preferred less profitable card decks with predictable outcomes while avoiding those with unpredictable outcomes. AP required more time to reach decisions compared to NAP. Additionally, AP without comorbid depression performed significantly worse than NAP in the IGT. Estradiol and cortisol concentrations were significant predictors of CRT scores in NAP, but not in AP. The study results imply that AP are 'risk-averse' in decision-making under ambiguity as they avoided choice options with unpredictable losses in comparison to NAP. Our findings highlight the intolerance for uncertainty, particularly in ambiguous situations. Thus, we recommend being as transparent and precise as possible when interacting with autistic individuals. Future research should explore decision-making in social situations among individuals with ASD, factoring in person-dependent variables such as depression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06503-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572 [article] Autistic Adults Avoid Unpredictability in Decision-Making [texte imprimé] / Ana MACCHIA, Auteur ; Laura ALBANTAKIS, Auteur ; Paul Theo ZEBHAUSER, Auteur ; Marie-Luise BRANDI, Auteur ; Leonhard SCHILBACH, Auteur ; Anna-Katharine BREM, Auteur . - p.4234-4246. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-12 (December 2025) . - p.4234-4246 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Decision-making under unpredictable conditions can cause discomfort in autistic persons due to their preference for predictability. Decision-making impairments might furthermore be associated with a dysregulation of sex and stress hormones. This prospective, cross-sectional study investigated decision-making in 32 autistic participants (AP, 14 female) and 31 non-autistic participants (NAP, 20 female) aged 18-64 years. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Cambridge Risk Task (CRT) were used to assess decision-making under ambiguity and under risk with known outcome probabilities, respectively. Cortisol, estradiol, and testosterone serum levels were related to decision-making performance. Groups did not differ in overall IGT and CRT performance, but compared with NAP, AP preferred less profitable card decks with predictable outcomes while avoiding those with unpredictable outcomes. AP required more time to reach decisions compared to NAP. Additionally, AP without comorbid depression performed significantly worse than NAP in the IGT. Estradiol and cortisol concentrations were significant predictors of CRT scores in NAP, but not in AP. The study results imply that AP are 'risk-averse' in decision-making under ambiguity as they avoided choice options with unpredictable losses in comparison to NAP. Our findings highlight the intolerance for uncertainty, particularly in ambiguous situations. Thus, we recommend being as transparent and precise as possible when interacting with autistic individuals. Future research should explore decision-making in social situations among individuals with ASD, factoring in person-dependent variables such as depression. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06503-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572

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