Altered patterns of brain dynamics linked with body mass index in youth with autism / Lauren KUPIS in Autism Research, 14-5 (May 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-5 (May 2021) . - p.873-886 Titre : Altered patterns of brain dynamics linked with body mass index in youth with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Zachary T. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Leigha KIRCHER, Auteur ; Celia ROMERO, Auteur ; Bryce DIRKS, Auteur ; Catie CHANG, Auteur ; Jason S. NOMI, Auteur ; Lucina Q. UDDIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.873-886 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  cognitive flexibility  dynamics  obesity  resting-state functional MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of overweight and obesity (OWOB) compared with typically developing (TD) children. Brain functional connectivity differences have been shown in both ASD and OWOB. However, only one study to date has examined ASD and OWOB concurrently, so little is known regarding the neural mechanisms associated with the higher prevalence of OWOB and its behavioral impacts in ASD. We investigated co-activation patterns (CAPs) of brain regions identified by independent component analysis in 129 children and adolescents between 6 and 18?years of age (n =?68 ASD). We examined the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and diagnosis in predicting dynamic brain metrics (dwell time, DT; frequency of occurrence, and transitions between states) as well as dimensional brain-behavior relationships. The relationship between BMI and brain dynamics was moderated by diagnosis (ASD, TD), particularly among the frequency of CAP 4, characterized by co-activation of lateral frontoparietal, temporal, and frontal networks. This pattern was negatively associated with parent-reported inhibition skills. Children with ASD had shorter CAP 1, characterized by co-activation of the subcortical, temporal, sensorimotor, and frontal networks, and CAP 4 DTs compared with TD children. CAP 1 DT was negatively associated with cognitive flexibility, inhibition, social functioning, and BMI. Cognitive flexibility moderated the relationship between BMI and brain dynamics in the visual network. Our findings provide novel evidence of neural mechanisms associated with OWOB in children with ASD. Further, poorer cognitive flexibility may result in increased vulnerability for children with ASD and co-occurring OWOB. LAY SUMMARY: Obesity is a societal epidemic and is common in autism, however, little is known about the neural mechanisms associated with the higher rates of obesity in autism. Here, we find unique patterns of brain dynamics associated with obesity in autism that were not observed in typically developing children. Further, the relationship between body mass index and brain dynamics depended on cognitive flexibility. These findings suggest that individuals with autism may be more vulnerable to the effects of obesity on brain function. Autism Res 2021, 14: 873-886. © 2021 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2488 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=444 [article] Altered patterns of brain dynamics linked with body mass index in youth with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Zachary T. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Leigha KIRCHER, Auteur ; Celia ROMERO, Auteur ; Bryce DIRKS, Auteur ; Catie CHANG, Auteur ; Jason S. NOMI, Auteur ; Lucina Q. UDDIN, Auteur . - p.873-886. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-5 (May 2021) . - p.873-886 Mots-clés : autism  cognitive flexibility  dynamics  obesity  resting-state functional MRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of overweight and obesity (OWOB) compared with typically developing (TD) children. Brain functional connectivity differences have been shown in both ASD and OWOB. However, only one study to date has examined ASD and OWOB concurrently, so little is known regarding the neural mechanisms associated with the higher prevalence of OWOB and its behavioral impacts in ASD. We investigated co-activation patterns (CAPs) of brain regions identified by independent component analysis in 129 children and adolescents between 6 and 18?years of age (n =?68 ASD). We examined the interaction between body mass index (BMI) and diagnosis in predicting dynamic brain metrics (dwell time, DT; frequency of occurrence, and transitions between states) as well as dimensional brain-behavior relationships. The relationship between BMI and brain dynamics was moderated by diagnosis (ASD, TD), particularly among the frequency of CAP 4, characterized by co-activation of lateral frontoparietal, temporal, and frontal networks. This pattern was negatively associated with parent-reported inhibition skills. Children with ASD had shorter CAP 1, characterized by co-activation of the subcortical, temporal, sensorimotor, and frontal networks, and CAP 4 DTs compared with TD children. CAP 1 DT was negatively associated with cognitive flexibility, inhibition, social functioning, and BMI. Cognitive flexibility moderated the relationship between BMI and brain dynamics in the visual network. Our findings provide novel evidence of neural mechanisms associated with OWOB in children with ASD. Further, poorer cognitive flexibility may result in increased vulnerability for children with ASD and co-occurring OWOB. LAY SUMMARY: Obesity is a societal epidemic and is common in autism, however, little is known about the neural mechanisms associated with the higher rates of obesity in autism. Here, we find unique patterns of brain dynamics associated with obesity in autism that were not observed in typically developing children. Further, the relationship between body mass index and brain dynamics depended on cognitive flexibility. These findings suggest that individuals with autism may be more vulnerable to the effects of obesity on brain function. Autism Res 2021, 14: 873-886. © 2021 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals LLC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2488 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=444

Multilingualism impacts children's executive function and core autism symptoms / Celia ROMERO in Autism Research, 17-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 17-12 (December 2024) . - p.2645-2661 Titre : Multilingualism impacts children's executive function and core autism symptoms Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Celia ROMERO, Auteur ; Zachary T. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Bryce DIRKS, Auteur ; Meaghan V. PARLADE, Auteur ; Amy L. BEAUMONT, Auteur ; Sandra M. CARDONA, Auteur ; Jason S. NOMI, Auteur ; Michael ALESSANDRI, Auteur ; Lynn K. PERRY, Auteur ; Lucina Q. UDDIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2645-2661 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  executive function  inhibition  multilingualism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with marked heterogeneity in executive function (EF) abilities. EF components including inhibition and shifting are related to ASD core symptoms such as perspective taking, social communication, and repetitive behavior. Recent research suggests that multilingualism may have a beneficial impact on EF abilities, especially in children with ASD. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the relationships between multilingualism, EF, and core symptoms in children with ASD. Here, we examined these associations in 7?12-year-old children with and without ASD (N?=?116; 53 ASD, Mean age?=?9.94?years). Results suggest that multilingual children have stronger parent-reported inhibition, shifting, and perspective-taking skills than monolingual children. Furthermore, we found a significant interaction between diagnosis and multilingual status on inhibition, such that the effects of multilingualism were stronger for children with ASD than typically developing (TD) children. Finally, we found indirect effects of multilingualism on perspective taking, social communication, and repetitive behaviors mediated by EF skills. These results demonstrate the supportive influences multilingual experience might have on bolstering EF and reducing ASD-related symptoms. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.3260 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544 [article] Multilingualism impacts children's executive function and core autism symptoms [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Celia ROMERO, Auteur ; Zachary T. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Bryce DIRKS, Auteur ; Meaghan V. PARLADE, Auteur ; Amy L. BEAUMONT, Auteur ; Sandra M. CARDONA, Auteur ; Jason S. NOMI, Auteur ; Michael ALESSANDRI, Auteur ; Lynn K. PERRY, Auteur ; Lucina Q. UDDIN, Auteur . - p.2645-2661. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 17-12 (December 2024) . - p.2645-2661 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  bilingualism  executive function  inhibition  multilingualism Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with marked heterogeneity in executive function (EF) abilities. EF components including inhibition and shifting are related to ASD core symptoms such as perspective taking, social communication, and repetitive behavior. Recent research suggests that multilingualism may have a beneficial impact on EF abilities, especially in children with ASD. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the relationships between multilingualism, EF, and core symptoms in children with ASD. Here, we examined these associations in 7?12-year-old children with and without ASD (N?=?116; 53 ASD, Mean age?=?9.94?years). Results suggest that multilingual children have stronger parent-reported inhibition, shifting, and perspective-taking skills than monolingual children. Furthermore, we found a significant interaction between diagnosis and multilingual status on inhibition, such that the effects of multilingualism were stronger for children with ASD than typically developing (TD) children. Finally, we found indirect effects of multilingualism on perspective taking, social communication, and repetitive behaviors mediated by EF skills. These results demonstrate the supportive influences multilingual experience might have on bolstering EF and reducing ASD-related symptoms. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.3260 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=544

Pre-pandemic Executive Function Protects Against Pandemic Anxiety in Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder / Celia ROMERO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-12 (December 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-12 (December 2024) . - p.4610-4623 Titre : Pre-pandemic Executive Function Protects Against Pandemic Anxiety in Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Celia ROMERO, Auteur ; Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Zachary T. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Bryce DIRKS, Auteur ; Adriana BAEZ, Auteur ; Amy L. BEAUMONT, Auteur ; Sandra M. CARDONA, Auteur ; Meaghan V. PARLADE, Auteur ; Michael ALESSANDRI, Auteur ; Jason S. NOMI, Auteur ; Lynn K. PERRY, Auteur ; Lucina Q. UDDIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4610-4623 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated depression, anxiety, and executive function (EF) difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). EF skills have been positively associated with mental health outcomes. Here, we probed the psychosocial impacts of pandemic responses in children with and without ASD by relating pre-pandemic EF assessments with anxiety and depression symptoms several months into the pandemic. We found that pre-pandemic inhibition and shifting difficulties, measured by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, predicted higher risk of anxiety symptoms. These findings are critical for promoting community recovery and maximizing clinical preparedness to support children at increased risk for adverse psychosocial outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06175-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=540 [article] Pre-pandemic Executive Function Protects Against Pandemic Anxiety in Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Celia ROMERO, Auteur ; Lauren KUPIS, Auteur ; Zachary T. GOODMAN, Auteur ; Bryce DIRKS, Auteur ; Adriana BAEZ, Auteur ; Amy L. BEAUMONT, Auteur ; Sandra M. CARDONA, Auteur ; Meaghan V. PARLADE, Auteur ; Michael ALESSANDRI, Auteur ; Jason S. NOMI, Auteur ; Lynn K. PERRY, Auteur ; Lucina Q. UDDIN, Auteur . - p.4610-4623. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-12 (December 2024) . - p.4610-4623 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated depression, anxiety, and executive function (EF) difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). EF skills have been positively associated with mental health outcomes. Here, we probed the psychosocial impacts of pandemic responses in children with and without ASD by relating pre-pandemic EF assessments with anxiety and depression symptoms several months into the pandemic. We found that pre-pandemic inhibition and shifting difficulties, measured by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, predicted higher risk of anxiety symptoms. These findings are critical for promoting community recovery and maximizing clinical preparedness to support children at increased risk for adverse psychosocial outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06175-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=540

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